Michel Miguel Elias Temer Lulia

Brazil's interim President Michel Temer began his new administration 13 May 2016. Temer’s approval rating floats between one and two percent, which is statistically indistinguishable from zero. Temer's Cabinet in ethnically diverse Brazil did not include any Afro-Brazilians and women, the first time that had happened since 1979. Most of Temer's Cabinet choices were old, white men. Though not under investigation himself, he remains exposed to the swirling scandal at state oil company Petrobras, which has snared top members of his party, as well as Rousseff's.

Brazilian senators voted 12 May 2016 to suspend President Dilma Rousseff from office for breaking budgetary laws. She faced an impeachment trial, and her vice president, Michel Temer, took over her post in the interim A simple majority was all that was needed to open a trial, and the 55–22 vote was one vote more than the 54 votes needed to convict her and remove her from office. It was not immediately clear how many of the senators who voted to put her on trial would also vote to convict her.

Rousseff used money borrowed from state banks to cover budget deficits and pay for social programs. She engaged in some creative accounting to try and make the situation look better, though it was questionable whether or not her actions were illegal. The push for impeachment was largely fueled by other lawmakers’ desires to deflect attention from themselves.

Michel Temer was elected in 2010 as the vice president of the Republic of Brazil, along with President Dilma Rousseff. Michel Temer, who has joined the pro-impeachment camp, is facing the same corruption charges as Rousseff. In addition, Temer was embroiled in the Petrobras state oil corruption scandal, and accused of receiving millions of dollars in bribes. Construction executives worked together to overcharge state-run oil firm Petroleo Brasileiro SA, or Petrobras, for work and used the excess funds to bribe politicians.

The Brazilian Democratic Movement Party [PMDB] support for Rousseff’s government splintered in early 2016, with house speaker Eduardo Cunha breaking ties in 2015 to spearhead impeachment efforts, while Vice President Michel Temer maintained his alliance with the president despite hinting at an impending rupture. The Party voted to leave the ruling coalition government with the PT party on 29 March 2016.

Temer, took over from Rousseff after a Senate vote in favor of impeachment, promised to, among other measures, set a fixed retirement age of 65, introduce bonuses for teachers, uncouple social assistance increases from the minimum wage, and loosen the labor code to give companies power to negotiate on more issues. In response to criticisms of his proposals, coming from groups including the left-wing MST landless worker movement, Temer said “order comes before progress” [Brazil's national motto is "Order and Progress"].

According to a poll by Datafolha, conducted at pro-democracy and anti-government demonstrations on 17 April 2016, both camps reported high disapproval of Temer. At the pro-impeachment rallies on Sao Paulo’s Paulista Avenue, 54 percent of respondents said they are in favor of Temer’s impeachment and over two thirds of people, 68 percent, said they expect Temer’s rule to be very poor, poor or just fair. A survey of pro-democracy rallies against the impeachment process at downtown Sao Paulo’s Anhangabau Valley found even higher distrust of Temer. According to Datafolha, 79 percent of protesters want to see Temer impeached and 88 percent believe his government would perform poorly or very poorly.

The main duties of the vice presidency is the defense of the national interest in forums, meetings and international negotiations. Temer, a Federal deputy from Sao Paulo, served as president of the Chamber of Deputies from 1997 through 2000. Michel Miguel Elias Temer Lulia served as federal deputy from Sao Paulo since 1987, except for a two-year period (1993-94) when he was Secretary for Public Security in the Sao Paulo state government. He studied at the University of Sao Paulo and earned a Doctorate in Law from the Catholic University of Sao Paulo. From 1984 through 1986 he was the state's Prosecutor General. He served as the PMDB's leader in the Camara de Deputados 1995-97 and as President of the Camara 1997-2000. He was national president of the PMDB 2001-03 and 2004- present.

Michel Temer is national president of the Brazilian Democratic Movement Party (PMDB). The PMDB grew out of the Brazilian Democratic Movement (MDB) under the military dictatorship, which operated as an umbrella group for legitimate opposition to the military dictatorship. After the restoration of democracy, some members left the PMDB to form new parties (such as the PT and PSDB), but many of those who remained now act as power brokers at the local and regional level. Thus the PMDB has no real unifying national identity but rather an umbrella organization for regional "caciques" or bosses. The PMDB is not the only divided party. Although there are 28 political parties in Brazil, most of them do not represent an ideology or a particular line of political thinking that would support a national vision.

Vice President Michel Temer would take over Brazil's top office if the Senate moved to suspend President Dilma Rousseff on route to impeachment. Brazilian Vice President Michel Temer put forward a number of policy proposals including teacher bonuses and relaxed labor laws, making headlines in what resembled a presidential campaign ahead of the possible impeachment of President Dilma Rousseff, while he also said that early elections would constitute a “coup d’etat” in the crisis-gripped country.

Temer promised to, among other measures, set a fixed retirement age of 65, introduce bonuses for teachers, uncouple social assistance increases from the minimum wage, and loosen the labor code to give companies power to negotiate on more issues. In response to criticisms of his proposals, coming from groups including the left-wing MST landless worker movement, Temer said “order comes before progress,” Brazil’s O Globo reported. The statement was a reference the national motto on the Brazilian flag which reads “Order and Progress.”

Temer argued that early elections in the event of Rousseff’s impeachment would amount to a coup, resorting to the same language that Rousseff and her allies have used to describe the impeachment process due to its lack of legal basis. Temer argued that while impeachment is allowed in the constitution, early elections this year would be a “fallacy.”

The statements gave weight to accusations from Rousseff and supporters that the impeachment effort was an attempt at “indirect elections” and a bid to seize power that cannot be won at the ballot box. Temer’s opinion is also at odds with the desires of Brazilian voters, six out of 10 of whom don’t want Temer as president and would prefer to see snap elections this year. Only 8 percent believe Temer can resolve Brazil's political crisis, according to a recent poll. Despite being next in line for Brazil’s top office with the impending impeachment, the corruption-embroiled lawmaker faced dismal approval ratings for the next election.

Michel Miguel Elias Temer Lulia was born in Tietê (SP) on September 23, 1940. The youngest of eight children, Temer is Catholic. The family, always faithful to Christian precepts, immigrated to Betabura region of El Koura in northern Lebanon in 1925.

Once arrived in Brazil, his father, Miguel Temer, bought a farm in Tiete and installed a rice and coffee processing machine. Over the years, Miguel activity was gaining importance. The eldest son, Tamer, came to help in the family business. Michel and the other brothers were studying in São Paulo.

At 16, Michel Temer started the classic (current high school). Years later, he entered the traditional and renowned Faculty of Law, University of São Paulo (USP), the Largo do São Francisco.

A graduate in law from the University of São Paulo (1963), has the title of Doctor of Law from the Pontifical Catholic University (PUC) of São Paulo. Michel Temer is considered one of the greatest constitutionalists of the country, author of the Constitution and policy books, Federal Territories in the Brazilian Constitutions and Your Rights in Constitutional and elements of constitutional law, the latter in the 20th edition, with 200,000 copies sold. In 2012, he received the title of Doctor Honoris Causa of the Public Law Institute (IDP) and the University Foundation Teaching Institute for Osasco (UNIFIEO), for his work in the legal field and Brazilian politician.

He began his political career as officer Ataliba Nogueira office, Secretary of Education in the government of São Paulo. In 1983, Michel Temer was appointed Attorney General of the State of São Paulo. The following year, he became Secretary of Public Security of São Paulo, a position he returned to occupy the early 90s.

In charge of the Secretariat of Public Security, Michel Temer adopted modern ideas, later used as a model throughout the country. In 1985, he created the Security Community Councils (CONSEG). In the same year, after receiving a commission denounced the beating of women and the authorities of neglect before the crimes, Fear created the first Police Station for Women in Brazil. Also in this period, he established the Bureau of Protection of Copyright, an important tool for combating piracy, and the Bureau of Verification of Racial Crimes.

In the first administration in front of the Public Security Bureau, received great encouragement to contest elective office. He confided to the then governor Franco Montoro a big dream: to participate in the National Constituent Assembly in 1986. Montoro encouraged him to move on.

Deputy was elected constituent by the Party of the Brazilian Democratic Movement (PMDB) and actively participated in the National Constituent Assembly, when it highlighted the moderate position, sober and the great knowledge of constitutional law.

After the Constituent Assembly, he was elected federal deputy and served six terms - all the PMDB. He graduated from office only to resume the Secretariat of Public Security of São Paulo and then the Government.

Michel Temer was elected three times to the Presidency of the House of Representatives (1997, 1999 and 2009). In the first management, innovated to open the house to the society by creating important communication system, responsible for reporting the work of parliamentarians and major debates in plenary and committee.

During this period, the Board discussed and voted several projects that altered the structure of the Brazilian state, with major repercussions of changes for the modernization of national institutions.

In the House chairman of condition, assumed the presidency, interim twice: from 27 to 31 January 1998 and 15 June 1999.

In the third term as mayor, he prevented locking the agenda for provisional measures issued by the Executive. Temer offered new constitutional interpretation. According to him, an MP only locks the voting materials that can be the object of Provisional Measure.

Thus, the vote of Amendment Proposals to the Constitution, resolutions and Complementary Law Project, among other matters listed in paragraph 1 of article. 62, could not be barred. With this decision, widely accepted in the legal environment and the legislative framework, the House resumed voting on matters relevant to society. In Democracy and Citizenship work, Michel Temer meets pronouncements and articles written in the performance of parliamentary duties.

From 2001 to the end of 2010, he chaired the National PMDB directory. In 2011, he graduated from the post to assume the Vice Presidency. He has five children, including three with his first wife Maria, one resulting from a relationship with a journalist, and one more with current wife Marcela, who is 42 years younger than him and started to date him when she was 17, and he was 60. He is the second Vice President of Brazil of Lebanese origin, after José Maria Alkmin. His family originates from Btaaboura in Koura District, near the city Tripoli in Northern Lebanon.