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TA.5 Positive Trend 1: S2 terrain analysis

1-2QFY95

SUCCESS 1-1: S2s identify mobility corridors and avenues of approach into the Area of Operations and Area of Interest and then identify enemy decision points; this information is integrated into an event template. What must be improved is the use of these products in the overall task force planning process.

3-4QFY95

SUCCESS 1-2: Task force S2s are better articulating how terrain will impact the threat's available courses of action (COAs).

1-2QFY96

SUCCESS 1-3: (Repeat of Success 1-2) Task force S2s now better articulate how the terrain will impact on the threat's available courses of action (COAs) and assist the commander and staff in determining friendly COAs that exploit opportunities the terrain provides.

1-2QFY97

SUCCESS 1-4: (Repeat of Success 1-2 and 1-3) TF S2s now better articulate how the terrain will impact on the threat's available courses of action (COAs) and assist the commander and staff in determining friendly COAs that exploit opportunities the terrain provides.

Techniques

1. More accurate Modified Combined Obstacle Overlay (MCOO) result in more accurate depictions of enemy avenues of approach into sectors/zones.

2. Improved identification of:

• Enemy kill sacks
• Potential friendly engagement areas
• Defensible terrain
• Specific potential system and equipment locations

3. Better use of TERRA BASE products and 1:24000 scale maps.

4. Improved coordination with supporting elements such as engineers.

TA.5 Positive Trend 2: Use of TERRA BASE program

1-2QFY95

SUCCESS 2-1: The TERRA BASE program allows S2s to fully template the effects of terrain on communications and direct fire.

1-2QFY96

SUCCESS 2-2: Units successfully use the TERRA BASE/TOPOSKIMMER terrain visualization software to improve their detailed terrain analysis; these products are being included in operations orders (OPORDS).

Techniques

1. Use the program at Home Station to develop and sustain proficiency.

2. Prior to rotation, units should develop a standard reference file of terrain analysis products:

• Friendly and enemy maneuver
• Line of sight for retransmission (RETRANS)
• Analysis of enemy battle positions

TA.5 Positive Trend 3: Understanding the IPB process

1-2QFY95

SUCCESS 3-1: S2s know and understand the IPB process. They are familiar with the logical flow of templates, i.e., doctrinal to situational, and the uses of each. S2s generally do well at templating enemy positions; however, many have difficulty discussing and portraying the enemy's end state.

1-2QFY96

SUCCESS 3-2: Most S2s know the IPB process and understand the products and information needed at the various steps of the Military Decision-Making Process (MDMP).

Techniques

Continue training S2s in the IPB process for continued familiarity with the logical flow of templates, i.e., doctrinal to situational, and the uses of each.

TA.1 MANEUVER

TA.1 Positive Trend 1: Use of GPS

1-2QFY95

SUCCESS 1-1: Maneuver units have improved land navigation with the use of GPS and map reading techniques.

SUCCESS 1-2: Field Artillery batteries are using the precision lightweight GPS receiver (PLGR) with the backup computer systems (BUCS) as a hasty method to determine position and azimuth orientation data to meet the accurate unit location condition for accurate predicted fires (APF).

Techniques

1. The precision lightweight GPS receiver (PLGR) is capable of determining position on the ground to within 10 meters +/- circular probable error for horizontal distances and 10 meters probable error for vertical distances.

2. Units then use backup computer systems (BUCS) with either the FC Revision 1 (REV1) or the survey REV 1 chip to conduct a hasty astro sighting to establish a secondary means of directional control independent of any other station.

RESULT: This method provides an accuracy of 2 mils +/-.

NOTE: While this technique meets the accurate unit location requirement for accurate predicted fires (APF), units using this method will not be on common survey extended from an SCP.

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TA.7 COMBAT SERVICE SUPPORT

TA.7 Positive Trend 1: Unit Ministry Team (UMT)/religious support

Observation frequency:	1-2QFY94	3-4QFY95	1-2QFY95	3-4QFY95	1-2QFY96
	2	1	1	0	0

1-2QFY95

SUCCESS 1-1: Brigade unit ministry teams arrive understanding the basic elements of the orders process, how to extract needed information from the necessary documents, how to analyze the information to determine where, and how to deploy available religious support assets on the battlefield.

SUCCESS 1-2: Unit ministry teams are effectively conducting "before engagement" ministry during the onward movement phase of brigade operations in a successful effort to "Nurture the Living," as stated in FM 16-1.

3-4QFY95

SUCCESS 1-3:

1. Unit ministry teams (UMT) provide "real world" ministry to soldiers, i.e., pastoral care on the battlefield to counter the trauma of combat conditions.

2. UMTs are correctly assessing the specific religious needs of their units. Some use religious preference profiles which will highlight the requirements of minority faith groups. This ensures that their needs, particularly during high holy days, are met.

3. UMT individual readiness continues to improve as chaplains' physical fitness and common soldier skill proficiency improves.

1-2QFY96

SUCCESS 1-4: Chaplains and chaplain assistants are much better prepared to provide comprehensive religious support to their units than they were two years ago.

Techniques

1. Battalion level chaplains are motivated to learn and are willing to be a part of the team. This is a major step forward and should be an area the branch aggressively strives to attain.

2. Select aggressive brigade chaplains and NCOs who want to be prepared to perform their wartime mission. Put the best NCOs in brigade level spots and make it reflect in their NCOERs that they are in the position because they are the best.

3. Improved understanding of the basic elements of the orders process is the direct result of supervisory chaplains aggressively using AARs and "lessons learned" from other brigades to create positive change.

4. Train-ups should incorporate lessons learned from previous rotations.

5. Continue to emphasize chaplains' physical fitness and common soldier skill proficiency to improve individual readiness.

6. Brigade Unit Ministry Teams (UMTs) are including their slice element UMTs in the training. This facilitates comprehensive support throughout the brigade's area of responsibility.

7. Continue to place emphasis on training "go to war" skills.

8. Conduct "before engagement" ministry during the onward movement phase of brigade operations following the "Nurture the Living" techniques described in FM 16-1.

9. The use of religious preference profiles highlight the requirements of minority faith groups. This ensures that their needs, particularly during high holy days, are met.

10. A majority of UMTs have been issued radios. Some UMTs deploy equipped with SINCGARS, which works even better.

TA.7 Positive Trend 2: MICLIC maintenance and operation

Observation frequency:	1-2QFY94	3-4QFY95	1-2QFY95	3-4QFY95	1-2QFY96
	1	1	0	0	0

1-2QFY95

SUCCESS 2-1: MICLIC maintenance is improving.

3-4QFY95

SUCCESS 2-2:

1. Preventive maintenance checks and services (PMCS) is completed to standard and leaders are putting more emphasis on maintaining the system.

2. Units are meeting the Standards in Training Commission (STRAC) requirement, allowing one rocket and practice charge to be fired per system.

Techniques

Improved MICLIC maintenance and operation is the result of operators using the Technical Manual (TM) and being more familiar with the system, and leaders putting more emphasis on proper maintenance and operation.

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Section A: Trends Frequency Matrix
Section P: Positive Performance, Part II

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