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APPENDIX D

ROE ALERT CONDITIONS (ROECONs):
A "STRAW MAN" APPENDIX TO THE
DIVISION TACTICAL SOP


APPENDIX _ TO ANNEX _ TO XXth INFANTRY DIVISION (LIGHT) TACTICAL STANDING OPERATING PROCEDURES (TACSOP) (U)

THE RULES OF ENGAGEMENT ALERT CONDITIONS (ROECONs) SYSTEM

(U) REFERENCES:

a. (U) STP 21-1-SMCT, Soldier's Manual of Common Tasks -- Skill Level 1 (26 July 96).

(1) (U) Task 181-906-1506 -- Use Force Appropriately.

(2) (U) Task 181-906-1505 -- Conduct Operations According to the Law of War.

(3) (U) Task 071-331-0801 -- Use Challenge and Password.

(4) (U) Task 071-331-0803 -- Report Enemy Information.

b. (U) TC 27-10-4, Selected Problems in Rules of Engagement (26 July 1996).

c. (U) TC 27-10-1, Selected Problems in the Law of War (26 June 1979).

d. (U) FM 27-10, The Law of Land Warfare (18 July 1956) (C1, 15 July 1976).

e. (U) FM 100-5, Operations (26 July 1996) (pages 2-3 to 2-4, describing "Disciplined Operations").

f. (U) FM 27-100, Legal Operations (26 July 1996) (Chapter 6, discussing rules of engagement).

g. (U) FM 7-8, The Infantry Platoon and Squad (31 Dec 80) (Appendix N - Prisoners and Captured Documents).

1. (U) PURPOSE. To establish a system by which the commander of a task force organized from this Division can quickly and clearly convey to subordinate units a desired posture regarding use of force.

2. (U) STRUCTURE OF ROE. Rules of Engagement (ROE) are directives that delineate the circumstances under which a unit or soldier will initiate or continue combat engagement with other forces encountered. As such, they include the many specific types of rules and measures described in references e and f. The most important ROE are contained in the RAMP rules [see reference a(1)] to which soldiers regularly train, in the ROE conditions (ROECONs) periodically announced by the task force commander, and in the ROE annexes appended to operations plans and orders. The individual soldier's RAMP, as supplemented by the ROECONs system, is the baseline for the development of ROE annexes.

3. (U) OBJECTIVES.

a. (U) This triangular ROE structure (RAMP, ROECONs, ROE Annexes) has three objectives:

(1) (U) Soldiers and units will employ an appropriate mix of initiative and restraint during Operations Other Than War.

(2) (U) Soldiers and units will make a rapid transition to combat operations on identification of a hostile force.

(3) (U) Soldiers and units will operate aggressively and with discipline during combat operations.

b. (U) A task force can accomplish these objectives only if the commander conveys clear instructions on use of force. The commander conveys clear instructions by transmitting rules to soldiers in terms of RAMP, by transmitting recurring instructions to subordinate unit leaders in terms of ROECONs, and by ensuring that mission-specific instructions in ROE annexes follow a format that builds on these two mechanisms.

4. (U) CONCEPT.

a. (U) The task force commander will order into effect one of the ROECONs specified in the Tab to this Appendix. There are three "default" ROECONs:

(1) (U) ROECON GREEN. Applies when no discernable threat of hostile activity exists. This condition places the force in a routine security posture. Due to the nature of the immediate mission (typically a training exercise or staging operations conducted in a stable host nation), such a posture will involve minimal arming, and protection only of the force and of key facilities. The commander may order into effect certain rules or measures from a higher ROECON to create deterrence or to respond to incomplete intelligence received. Soldiers generally operate under the standing RAMP rules.

(2) (U) ROECON AMBER. Applies when there is a discernible threat of hostile activity, but not a threat justifying ROECON RED. Although intelligence may indicate additional hostility criteria to supplement the "A-Anticipate" rule of the soldiers' RAMP, ROECON AMBER generally does not apply to situations in which higher headquarters have formally identified a hostile force. ROECON AMBER provides for arming of additional key U.S. personnel, establishment of roadblocks or barriers on high speed approaches into U.S. positions, security patrols, other measures to enhance perimeter security, and increased availability of ordinance. The commander may order into effect certain rules or measures from a higher ROECON to create deterrence or to respond to incomplete intelligence received.

(3) (U) ROECON RED. Applies when an actual attack on U.S. forces occurs, a threat of imminent attack exists, or higher headquarters has formally identified a hostile force in theater. ROECON RED directs the force to continue the protection measures detailed in the lower ROECONs, while arming all personnel and lowering levels of approval authority on certain weapons systems. Leaders supplement the soldiers' RAMP by providing specific hostility criteria or by identifying the hostile force designated by higher headquarters to assist in implementing the "A-Anticipate" rule.

b. (U) Brigade, battalion, and separate company commanders may find it necessary to add or delete measures in effect for a particular ROECON status to meet the unique requirements of a tactical setting. A written set of rules cannot be provided that will apply to every situation. Except for the measures which establish levels of approval authority (Measures 8, 48, and 56), the decision on the ROECON in effect or deleted from a ROECON will be at the discretion of the senior tactical commander present. This commander will consider the mission and the situation in making the ROECON determination, and will notify higher headquarters as soon as possible if the ROECON deemed appropriate differs from that ordered by the Commander, XXth Infantry Division (Light).

5. (U) UNIT SELF DEFENSE. Under all ROECON statuses, the commander retains the inherent right and responsibility to defend his unit. The standing RAMP rules that define a soldier's authority to defend himself also apply to the actions that a commander takes in unit self defense.

6. (U) OPERATIONS SECURITY. Consistent with Annex _ (Operations Security) to this TACSOP, the ROECON in effect (GREEN, AMBER, RED) will be classified at least FOUO. The commander will order random measures into effect as necessary to create uncertainty in the minds of potential terrorists or other hostile forces planning attacks on U.S. forces.



Appendix C: RAMP Training Scenarios
Appendix D, Part 2



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