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Chapter II

TACTICS, TECHNIQUES AND PROCEDURES (TTP)
IN SUPPORT OF OPERATIONS OTHER THAN WAR (cont)

DISCUSSION: Leaders may find themselves in the role of negotiator, mediator, and even arbitrator at the point of confrontation. If possible, negotiations on matters affecting both parties should be carried out jointly with the two sides. On occasion, relations between them may be so strained that the peacekeeper has to act as an intermediary.

A negotiator must be firm, fair and polite if he is to gain and keep the trust of both parties. The qualities required of the negotiator are mastery of detail, tact, patience, a sense of proportion, resourcefulness, objectivity and impartiality. On matters of principle he must be insistent without being belligerent. He must be careful not to pass the confidences of one side on to the other.

LESSON(s):

• Negotiations are not always successful. Agreements of all parties may or may not occur.
• Remember to remain neutral and do not allow yourself to be used by either belligerent.
• Expect some of the belligerents to negotiate in bad faith. They may attempt to twist the issues to prolong negotiations while they continue to violate peace agreements.
• Negotiations are time consuming and often frustrating. However, negotiation reduces unnecessary loss of life and offers the best long-term prospects for a final peaceful settlement. It is vital to remain impartial and courteous at all times.
• Some helpful hints for conducting negotiations are:
  • Familiarize yourself with the problem
    • Collect all available evidence.
    • Determine if the point of issue has been raised before.
    • Find out what agreements or understandings have a bearing on the problem.
    • Be certain of the peacekeeping force s policy on the problem.
  • Prepare for the negotiation
    • Select and prepare a meeting place acceptable to both parties.
    • Obtain adequate interpreters and communications assets.
    • Secure the meeting area and delegates from attack.
    • Ensure that a common map edition and scale is used by both sides and the peacekeeping force.
    • Keep your headquarters informed.
  • Conduct Negotiations
    • Remember to exchange customary salutations and courtesies.
    • Introduce yourself and any advisers. Make sure all the delegates are introduced by name.
    • Use some introductory small talk to make the delegates feel at ease and to assess their mood.
    • Allow each side to state their case without interruption and without making any premature judgements or concessions. Make a record of the issues presented by each side.
    • If one side makes a statement which is known to be incorrect, be prepared to produce evidence or proof to establish the facts.
    • If there is a peacekeeping force preferred solution, present it and encourage both sides to accept it.
    • Be sure to close the meeting by explaining to both sides exactly what has been agreed upon and what action they are expected to take. Be prepared to present this in writing for signatures if necessary.