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ARMING ORDER LEVELS
AND RULES OF ENGAGEMENT (ROE)

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INTRODUCTION: Despite specific guidance from the JTF commander, and with no articulable difference in threat, different units were found at varying arming order levels. The ROE developed for the JTF incorporated guidance from the GARDEN PLOT Operations Plan, amendments provided by FORSCOM, existing ROE from the divisional units, and Army Regulation 190-14. The ROE were printed on easy-to-read "Helmet Cards" which were provided to every soldier of the JTF.

The arming order levels of Operation GARDEN PLOT were modified slightly to enhance command and control and facilitate the individual's understanding that any escalation in the level of force would be taken in a measured and calculated manner. A column was added to the arming order table that specified when the magazine would remain in the pouch and when it could be inserted into the weapon.

TOPIC: ROE and Arming Order Levels.

DISCUSSION: The JTF experienced problems with the application of the arming order levels. Most notable was the inconsistent application of the guidance. Although the JTF commander specified that all personnel were to be at Arming Order Level I (AO-I) under normal circumstances, some first-line leaders applied arming order levels based on their perceptions of the threat, despite the lack of reasons justifying an elevated arming status. This was particularly true of the National Guard units, where at any given time, soldiers could be found from level I through level VI.

Directing the initial implementation of AO-I was not intended to prevent leaders on the ground from employing a higher level if warranted by the threat. The practical effect was to give some first-line leaders the thought that they would have to accept casualties before they could increase to higher levels of preparedness. Morale was affected.

Some leaders believed that employing arming order levels facilitated the proper balance between risk of unnecessary discharge of a weapon and preparedness. Experience in the threat environment is likely to reduce the level of tension and thereby reduce the risk of an improper discharge.

LESSON(S):

a. Commanders must possess a clear picture of the threat and make an assessment of soldier experience and their level of training and discipline.

b. Realistic threat training is essential, so that commanders and first-line leaders are better able to strike the balance between threat level and safety. Predeployment training on the proper ROE is a must.

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Transportation
Appendix A - Arming Order Levels

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