FM 7-92 APPENDIX D<P>
STANDING OPERATING PROCEDURE
This appendix provides the tactical standing operating procedures for
infantry reconnaissance platoon and squad. The procedures apply unless
a leader makes a decision to deviate from them based on the factors of
METT-T. In such a case, the exception applies only to the particular
situation for which the leader made the decision.
STANDING OPERATING PROCEDURE
(Classification)
HEADQUARTERS
_________ PLATOON
(Location)
(Date)
RECONNAISSANCE PLATOON TACTICAL STANDING
OPERATING PROCEDURE (TSOP)
SECTION I. GENERAL
A. Purpose. The purpose of this TSOP is to establish a common framework
for reconnaissance platoons. Items contained within this TSOP should not
replace existing platoon procedures. However, reconnaissance platoons
without an established TSOP should use this document as a minimum.
B. Application/Scope. This TSOP is to be used by all reconnaissance
platoon soldiers. It applies to all supporting units working directly with
the platoon. All TSOP provisions apply except as modified by operations,
orders, and plans. No provision shall replace good judgment and common
sense.
C. Command Responsibility. The reconnaissance platoon leader is
responsible for this TSOP. Ensuring compliance of established TSOPs
within the platoon is a command responsibility that is monitored by all
leaders. All changes will be submitted to the platoon sergeant. The
platoon leader is the approving authority for all changes.
SECTION II. PROCEDURES
ANNEX A. COMMAND AND CONTROL
Appendix 1. Duties and Responsibilities
Appendix 2. Orders
Warning Orders (Tab A)
Operation Orders (Tab B)
Fragmentary Orders (Tab C)
Appendix 3. Communications
ANNEX B. OPERATIONS
Appendix 1. Reconnaissance
Appendix 2. Security
Appendix 3. Movement
Appendix 4. Engineer
Appendix 5. Air Defense
Appendix 6. NBC Defense
Appendix 7. Relief in Place
Appendix 8. Linkup
Appendix 9. Passage of Lines
Appendix 10. Assembly Area
ANNEX C. FIRE SUPPORT
ANNEX D. INTELLIGENCE
ANNEX E. OPERATIONAL SECURITY
ANNEX F. LOGISTICS
ANNEX G. PERSONNEL AND ADMINISTRATION
ANNEX H. REPORTS AND REQUESTS
Appendix 1. Personnel Reports
Personnel Status Report
Casualty Feeder Report
Witness Statement
Serious Incident Report
Appendix 2. Intelligence Reports
EPW/Captured Materiel Report
Intelligence Summary
MIJI Report
Appendix 3. Operations Reports
Results of Contact Report
Commander's Situation Report
Minefield Report
Air Request Support
Shelling Report, Mortar Report, Bomb Report
Deployment/Redeployment Report
Closure Report
Appendix 4. Logistics Reports
LOGSTAT
Battle Loss
Resupply Insertion Request
Appendix 5. NBC Reports
NBC 1 Report
NBC 2 Report
NBC 3 Report
NBC 4 Report
NBC 5 Report
NBC 6 Report
Nuclear Warning/Chemical Warning
Effective Downwind Message
Chemical Downwind Message
ANNEX I. OPSKEDs
TASK CODE NAME
Appendix 1. Patrol Ranger
Appendix 2. Actions at Objective (Recon) Darby
Appendix 3. Contact Report Salute
Appendix 4. Quartering Party Pilot
Appendix 5. Passage of Lines River
ANNEX A (COMMAND AND CONTROL)
TO
RECONNAISSANCE PLATOON TSOP
1. COMMAND. The platoon leader is responsible for effectively using
the platoon's resources and for employing, organizing, and directing the
platoon during combat operations. Effective command allows subordinate
leaders to exercise their initiative, take risks, and seize opportunities
during the mission.
a. Succession of Command. During combat, any member of the
reconnaissance platoon may be required to assume command. Frequently,
the RATELO may need to continue operations and direct the operation until
the chain of command can be reestablished. Under normal conditions, the
reconnaissance platoon succession of command will be--
- Main effort squad leader.
- Supporting effort squad leaders by rank.
b.
Assumption of Command. When it is necessary for a new leader to
assume command of the reconnaissance platoon, if and when the situations
allows it, he will accomplish the following tasks:
(1) Inform higher headquarters of the change.
(2) Reestablish the platoon chain of command and
ensure all subordinates are made aware of the change.
(3) Check the platoon's security.
(4) Check the platoon's equipment and personnel status.
(5) Confirm the platoon's location.
(6) Assess the platoon's ability to continue the mission.
(7) Inform higher command of assessment.
(8) Continue the mission.
2.
CONTROL. The challenge to the leader is to use the minimal amount
of control required to synchronize the operation, while still allowing
decentralized decision making.
APPENDIXES:
1. DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES
2. ORDERS
3. COMMUNICATIONS
APPENDIX 1 (DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES)
TO
ANNEX A (COMMAND AND CONTROL)
TO
RECONNAISSANCE PLATOON TSOP
1.
PLATOON LEADER. The platoon leader is responsible for accomplishing
the platoon's mission. He is responsible for positioning and employing all
assigned and attached assets.
a. He leads the platoon in support of battalion missions.
b. He keeps the commander informed.
c. He plans missions with the help of the platoon sergeant, squad
leaders, and other key personnel.
d. He stays abreast of the situation and goes where he is needed to
supervise, issue FRAGOs, and accomplish the mission.
e. He requests logistical support from battalion.
f. He directs the platoon sergeant in planning and coordinating the
platoon's CSS effort.
g. During planning, he receives on-hand status reports from the
platoon sergeant and squad leaders.
h. He reviews platoon requirements based on the tactical plan.
i. He issues guidance concerning the casualty evacuation plan.
j. During execution, he checks the work of the platoon sergeant and
the squad leaders.
k. He ensures the soldier's load is reasonable.
2.
PLATOON SERGEANT. The platoon sergeant is the senior NCO in the
reconnaissance platoon and second in command.
a. He supervises and coordinates the logistics, administration, and
maintenance activities of the platoon.
b. He organizes and controls the platoon alternate CP.
c. He receives the squad leaders' requests for rations, water, and
ammunition. He directs the routing of supplies and mail.
d. He maintains platoon strength information, consolidates and forwards
the platoon's casualty reports (DA Forms 1155 and 1156) and receives
replacements.
e. He monitors the morale, discipline, and health of soldiers in the
platoon.
f. He controls task-organized elements in the reconnaissance platoon
during tactical operations. This can include, but is not limited
to, quartering parties, security forces in withdrawals, and
security patrols.
g. He coordinates and supervises platoon resupply operations.
h. He ensures that ammunition and equipment are evenly distributed.
i. He ensures that the casualty evacuation plan is complete and
executed properly by directing the platoon's combat lifesavers,
aid and litter teams.
3.
SQUAD LEADER. The squad leader is responsible for the squad.
a. He controls the movement of his squad.
b. He exercises his command through the ASLs.
c. He manages the logistical and administrative needs of his squad.
He requests and issues ammunition, water, rations, and special
equipment.
d. He maintains accountability of his soldiers and equipment.
e. He completes casualty feeder reports and reviews the casualty
reports completed by squad members.
f. He supervises the maintenance of the squad's weapons and equipment.
g. He conducts inspections of his soldiers and their weapons and
equipment.
h. He keeps the platoon sergeant and platoon leader informed
on his squad's supply status and equipment readiness.
i. He ensures that supplies and equipment are internally cross-leveled.
APPENDIX 2 (ORDERS)
TO
ANNEX A (COMMAND AND CONTROL)
TO
RECONNAISSANCE PLATOON TSOP
1.
ORDERS DISSEMINATION. The reconnaissance platoon leader issues the
orders to the squad leaders when possible. If not, he adheres to the
following priorities:
a. Platoon leader to platoon sergeant to squad leaders, and leaders
of supporting units.
b. FRAGO (platoon CP to squad CP).
2.
GRAPHICS. Make graphics as nonrestrictive as possible. Ensure
everyone has a copy of the overlays.
3.
ORDERS GROUP. For dissemination of platoon orders when the tactical
situation allows maximum participation. The following personnel will attend:
- Leaders of attached units.
TABS:
A - WARNING ORDERS
B - OPERATION ORDERS
C - FRAGMENTARY ORDERS
TAB A (WARNING ORDERS)
TO
APPENDIX 2 (ORDERS)
TO
ANNEX A (COMMAND AND CONTROL)
TO
RECONNAISSANCE PLATOON TSOP
1.
FORMAT. The warning order format should generally follow the
five-paragraph operation order. Warning orders give subordinates advance
notice of upcoming tactical operations. This gives them time to prepare.
The order should be brief, but complete. A sample format follows:
SAMPLE WARNING ORDER
1.
SITUATION. Brief description of the enemy and friendly
situations. Attachments to the reconnaissance platoon.
2.
MISSION. Use the restated mission from the mission analysis.
3.
GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS.
a. Special teams or task organization within the platoon.
b. Uniform and equipment common to all (changes from
SOP; for example, take extra meals or carry CPOG).
c. Special weapons, ammunition, or equipment (different
from SOP). (For example, mines, satchel charges, grappling
hooks, drop or pick up NVDs.)
d. The tentative time schedule is formed on the basis of
mission analysis. It includes at least:
(1) Earliest time of move.
(2) Time and place of OPORD.
(3) Inspection times and items to be inspected.
(4) Rehearsal times and actions to be rehearsed.
(For example, actions at the objective, special teams;
for example, EPWs, or other actions as time allows.)
e. Additional general instructions as needed or by SOP.
2.
CONSIDERATION. The following items should be considered during
the preparation of a warning order:
- Time of early personnel attachments (GSR, engineer squads,
and so on).
- Squad leaders' briefback to platoon leader.
- Issue of special equipment, SOI, time, and location.
- Test fires and zeros (including NVDs).
- Rehearsals (squad/platoon).
- Ammunition distribution (time and location).
- Initial/final inspections.
- Platoon meetings/final briefback.
- JM briefings/initial manifest call/SAT/final manifest call/load
time/TOT (airborne units only).
- Final sanitation of troops.
TAB B (OPERATION ORDERS)
TO
APPENDIX 2 (ORDERS)
ANNEX A (COMMAND AND CONTROL)
TO
RECONNAISSANCE PLATOON TSOP
The operation order is used to give subordinate leaders the essential
information needed to execute an operation. The platoon leader is
responsible for preparing the OPORD with the assistance of the PSG and
other selected individuals. 1st Squad prepares a terrain model for all
platoon OPORDs. The platoon leader prepares a concept sketch. The
terrain model and the concept sketch are visual aids that assist the platoon
leader in explaining the OPORD. Squad leaders familiarize themselves
with the terrain model before the platoon leader issues the OPORD. The
platoon sergeant briefs the terrain analysis by using the factors of
OAKOC. The platoon leader briefs the OPORD orally from notes that
follow the five-paragraph format. At the completion of the OPORD, each
squad leader briefbacks his mission-essential tasks. All notes taken by
the squad leaders are given to the PSG for destruction after completion of
the platoon rehearsal. (See Figure
D-1 for an example of an oral OPORD
[five-paragraph format].)
Figure D-1. Example of an operation order.
Figure D-1. Example of an operation order
(continued).
Figure D-1. Example of an operation order
(continued).
Figure D-1. Example of an operation order
(continued).
Figure D-1. Example of an operation order
(continued).
Figure D-1. Example of an operation order
(continued).
Figure D-1. Example of an operation order
(continued).
Figure D-1. Example of an operation order
(continued).
Figure D-1. Example of an operation order
(continued).
TAB C (FRAGMENTARY ORDERS)
TO
APPENDIX 2 (ORDERS)
TO
ANNEX A (COMMAND AND CONTROL)
TO
RECONNAISSANCE PLATOON TSOP
1.
USE. FRAGOs are used to change specific missions or to provide
timely changes to existing orders.
2.
BREVITY. Only those items that are changed from the original
OPORD are included in the FRAGO.
3.
FORMAT. FRAGOs follow the standard five-paragraph order. Items
not required are deleted.
SAMPLE FRAGMENTARY ORDER
1.
SITUATION.
2.
MISSION.
3.
EXECUTION.
a. Concept of operation.
b. Maneuver.
c. Fires.
d. Intelligence and electronic warfare.
e. Obstacles, mines, and fortifications.
f. Unit tasks.
g. Coordinating instructions.
4.
SERVICE SUPPORT.
5.
COMMAND AND SIGNAL.
APPENDIX 3 (COMMUNICATIONS)
TO
ANNEX A (COMMAND AND CONTROL)
TO
RECONNAISSANCE PLATOON TSOP
1.
NETS.
a.
Platoon Net. This net, which may be secure, is used by the platoon
leader to control the tactical situation/flow of maneuver. Traffic of an
administrative or logistic nature may be transmitted on the platoon net,
depending on the tactical situation.
b.
Battalion Operations and Intelligence. The platoon leader or
squad leader, when necessary, uses this net to report information and
inform the command group of changes in the tactical situation.
2.
FREQUENCY CHANGES (other than standard SOI periods).
a.
Directed Frequency Changes. These changes are made IAW the
supplemental instructions in the SOI.
(1) The NCS directs the frequency change in the following manner:
(a) A frequency is determined unusable.
(b) A net call is made and code word is given to switch to alternate
frequency.
(c) All stations acknowledge. If no one can be reached on a primary
frequency, then the RATELO switches to an alternate frequency until
contact is made. If two radios are available, he leaves one on the old
frequency until he establishes contact on the alternate or primary frequency.
(2) The NCS makes a net call on the new frequency, calling every five
minutes thereafter to try to reach stations not answering on the new
frequency.
b.
Automatic Frequency Changes. These changes are made only
IAW the supplemental instructions to the battalion SOI.
(1) Stations make an automatic frequency change only if the original
frequency is unusable.
(2) All other means of alternative communications are tried before
an automatic frequency change is made.
3.
VINSON PROCEDURES. (If platoon net has secure net capability.)
a. TEKs are changed weekly at 0001Z unless the OPORD states
otherwise. TEKs are updated by MK/AK functions as required. When
feasible, TEKs are physically transferred between operators.
b. Automatic keying functions allow rapid, automatic keying of the
entire net, the preferred method of changing the TEK (talk variable).
Stations that miss the AK function can be keyed by a second attempt. If
this fails, the station must be manually keyed.
4.
RADIO. Radio is the least secure means of communication. Radio is
susceptible to interception and jamming. Proper radio procedures must
be used to reduce the enemy's opportunity to hamper radio communications.
a.
Radio procedures:
(1) Change frequencies and call signs IAW SOI.
(2) Use varied transmission schedules.
(3) Use established formats to expedite transmissions such as SALUTE.
(4) Encode messages or use secure voice.
(5) Use brevity codes when possible.
(6) All RATELOs will have trouble shooting card taped to their
radio.
(7) The head of the OE254 or RC292 will be carried by the platoon
leader's RATELO.
(8) If faced with the possibility of being captured, RATELOs and or
leaders will ensure that SOI information is destroyed and radios zeroized.
b.
Actions if jamming is suspected:
(1) Continue to operate. (Do not let the enemy know that he is
having any affect on communications.)
(2) Disconnect the antenna. If interference stops, communications
are probably being jammed.
(3) Switch to highest power.
(4) Relocate the radio. Terrain may mask the enemy's jamming signal.
(5) Use a directional antenna.
(6) Turn the squelch off.
ANNEX B (OPERATIONS)
TO
RECONNAISSANCE PLATOON TSOP
PURPOSE. To standardize selected routine operational procedures
within the reconnaissance platoon.
APPENDIXES:
1. RECONNAISSANCE
2. SECURITY
3. MOVEMENT
4. ENGINEER
5. AIR DEFENSE
6. NBC DEFENSE
7. RELIEF IN PLACE OPERATIONS
8. LINKUP OPERATIONS
9. PASSAGES OF LINES
10. ASSEMBLY AREAS OPERATIONS
APPENDIX 1 (RECONNAISSANCE)
TO
ANNEX B (OPERATIONS)
TO
RECONNAISSANCE PLATOON TSOP
1.
GENERAL. All tactical situations are unique and dependent upon
METT-T. In every situation, however, you must establish security and
remain undetected.
2.
ORGANIZATION. The reconnaissance platoon organizes according
to the information requirements needed by battalion. When required to
reconnoiter more than one area, zone, or route, the platoon organizes
into three reconnaissance elements. The platoon leader and platoon
sergeant accompanies two of the reconnaissance elements. When necessary,
the platoon leader remains as a separate element.
3.
REQUIREMENTS. The platoon leader receives the information requirements
from battalion S2. The platoon leader coordinates all available support
while at the main CP. This includes but is not limited to the following:
a. Exact information requirements. Start/stop time.
b. Movement times/routes. Transportation.
c. Linkup times/signals.
d. Attachments/special equipment.
e. Fire support.
f. Communications plan.
g. Reporting time/instructions.
h. Logistics, resupply, MEDEVAC.
i. Contingencies, if compromised.
j. Enemy situation.
k. Concept of battalion mission.
l. Insertion/extraction methods available.
m. Drop time information no longer required.
4.
PLANNING. The platoon leader is responsible for the planning of all
missions. He directs members of the platoon to assist as required.
a.
Platoon Leader:
- Issues warning order.
- Develops/briefs plan.
- Supervises rehearsals.
- Coordinates as required.
b.
Platoon Sergeant:
- Assists platoon leader.
- Prepares paragraph 4 of OPORD.
- Coordinates logistic/transportation requirements.
- Briefs paragraph 4.
c.
Squad Leader:
- Assists platoon leader/sergeant, as required
- Prepares sand table
- Briefs squad members
- Conducts inspections/rehearsals.
5.
EXECUTION. Execution is the accomplishment of the mission. Execution
begins once the order has been issued and the platoon completes the actions
necessary for the execution. The actions include rehearsals, movement,
establishing the ORP, leader's reconnaissance, reconnaissance, withdrawing
from the objective, and dissemination and reporting of information.
a.
Rehearsals.
- At a minimum, always conduct actions at the objective.
- All platoon members and attachments will attend.
- At a minimum, attended by the platoon leader, the platoon
sergeant, and the squad leaders.
b.
Movement.
- Routes (primary, alternate), graphic control measures (rally
point, phase lines, contact points).
- Movement formations, techniques.
c.
Objective Rally Point.
- Designated by terrain feature and grid coordinates in
operations area.
- Platoon halts 200 to 400 meters before reaching the ORP.
- ORP reconned at a minimum by three-man element.
- Movement into and establishment of ORP.
- Platoon ORP occupation--lead squad occupies 12 to 4;
middle squad occupies 4 to 8; trail squad occupies 8 to 12.
- Squad ORP occupation--as directed by the squad leader.
- Platoon leader, platoon sergeant, and RATELOs locate in the
center of the ORP.
- Squad leaders prepare equipment for reconnaissance.
- Platoon leader issues contingency plan for the platoon
while he is conducting the leader's reconnaissance.
- Platoon leader assembles individuals for the leader's
reconnaissance.
d.
Leader's Reconnaissance.
- Purpose of the leader's reconnaissance is to pinpoint the
objective and confirm or deny assumptions made during
operation order.
- Issue contingency plan to the platoon sergeant.
- Select a release point, if necessary, for additional control
during the leader's reconnaissance.
- Select subordinate element positions and show to the
appropriate element leaders.
- Confirm the withdrawal plan, to include confirming the
Location of the ORP or rendezvous point if different.
- Maintain surveillance of the objective once the leader's
reconnaissance has been initiated.
- Issue a fragmentary order upon return to the ORP, if needed.
e.
Reconnaissance.
- Reconnaissance will be area, zone, or route.
- Techniques are based on factors of METT-T and include
fan, successive sector, converging routes, and stationary.
- Stay alert to observe any information about the enemy or terrain.
- Record information on paper or make a sketch.
- Maximum stealth and patience are fundamentals of success.
- Use night vision devices, LCMS, and binoculars to assist
with observation.
- Use battlefield noises to cover sound of movement when
in close proximity to the enemy.
- To prevent being compromised, do not take unnecessary risks.
f.
Withdrawal.
- The platoon leader selects a rally point or rendezvous point.
- Occupy the same as the ORP. The first element to arrive
establishes security.
g.
Dissemination of Information.
- Information gathered is recorded under the SALUTE
Format--size, activity, location, unit, time, equipment.
- Squad leaders collect information from their squads.
- Squad leaders report all information to the platoon leader.
- Platoon leader collects all squad information.
- Squad leaders disseminate all other information obtained
from other squads to their squad members.
- Platoon leader reports all information to higher headquarters.
- If operating separate from the platoon and no link up is
planned, squad leaders report information to the platoon
leader by radio. If unable to do so, the squad leaders report
the information to battalion.
APPENDIX 2 (SECURITY)
TO
ANNEX B (OPERATIONS)
TO
RECONNAISSANCE PLATOON TSOP
1.
GENERAL. Security is part of every operation. The reconnaissance
platoon is responsible for providing its own security and assists in
providing security for the battalion. The platoon conducts screening
missions for the battalion.
2.
ORGANIZATION. The platoon leader organizes the reconnaissance
platoon according to the mission. The platoon leader must first determine
the battalion's mission before organizing the platoon. The mission
determines how the platoon will be organized. During screening missions,
the platoon may operate as a platoon or as individual squads under platoon
control.
3.
REQUIREMENTS. The battalion S3 assigns the reconnaissance platoon an
initial screen line. Once the platoon leader has this information, he
coordinates with the various staff elements while at the main CP. This
includes, but is not limited to, the following:
a. Concept of the battalion mission.
b. Insertion/extraction methods available.
c. Movement times/routes.
d. Attachments/special equipment.
e. Communications plan, reporting time/instructions.
f. Available fire support and engagement criteria.
g. Enemy situation.
h. Logistics plan.
i. Linkup plan, if necessary.
j. Contingencies (for example, react to contact).
4.
PLANNING. The platoon leader is responsible for the planning of all
missions. He directs members of the platoon to assist as required.
a.
Platoon Leader.
- Coordinates fire support plan, passage of line, and
adjacent patrols.
- Obtains the latest update/briefback S3.
b.
Platoon Sergeant.
- Assists the platoon leader as required.
- Prepares paragraph 4 of the OPORD.
- Coordinates logistics/transportation requirements.
- Supervises the squad leaders.
c.
Squad Leaders.
- Assists the platoon leader/sergeant as required.
- Disseminates warning order and OPORD to the squad.
- Briefback platoon leader.
- Supervises squad preparation.
5.
EXECUTION. The execution of a screening mission is accomplished
by reporting information to higher, which allows the commander to
anticipate enemy contact. The screening mission requires the platoon to
move in relation to the main body. In the offense, the platoon must
conduct a moving screen. In the defense, the screen will normally be
stationary.
a.
Movement.
- Primary and alternate routes are used.
- Control measures include contact points, phase lines,
and limit of advance.
- Movement formations/techniques.
b.
Observation Post.
- Location and orientation of observation.
- Time and duration of occupation.
- Establish communications with higher.
c.
Surveillance.
- Squad leader establishes security/rest plan/withdrawal.
- Use SALUTE to report any information.
- Call for fire as directed.
- Make a sketch of the area.
- Maintain surveillance on the enemy.
APPENDIX 3 (MOVEMENT)
TO
ANNEX B (OPERATIONS)
TO
RECONNAISSANCE PLATOON TSOP
1.
GENERAL. The reconnaissance platoon's primary method of movement is
by foot. The platoon leader selects the movement formation and technique
based on METT-T and likelihood of enemy contact. The platoon must also be
prepared to move by air, vehicle, or boat.
2.
FOOT MARCHES. When moving along a road in a relatively secure area,
the platoon moves with one file on each side of the road. Leave 3 to
5 meters between each soldier and 15 to 30 meters between each squad.
a. The normal rate of march for an 8-hour road march is 4 kmph.
The interval and rate of march depends on the length of the march, time
allowed, likelihood of enemy contact (ground, air, artillery), terrain and
weather, condition of the soldiers, and the weight of the soldier's load.
b. A 15-minute rest will be conducted at the end of the first 45
minutes of a road march. During this halt, the squad leaders check the
soldiers' feet and report the physical condition of the soldiers to the
platoon leader and platoon sergeant. Thereafter, a 10-minute rest is
conducted every 50 minutes.
c. During halts, security is posted, and the most dangerous approaches
into the platoon's area are covered by M203 grenade launchers. The platoon
sergeant moves forward through the platoon, checking security as he goes and
meets with the platoon leader to determine the reason for the halt.
d. During halts of 30 seconds or less, soldiers drop to one knee and
cover their assigned sector. During halts longer than 30 seconds, a
cigar-shaped perimeter is formed, and the soldiers assume the prone position.
3.
AIR MOVEMENT. The reconnaissance platoon uses helicopter assets
to move over extended distances and for resupply and evacuation. The
platoon leader or platoon sergeant is responsible for planning and
coordinating for the use of helicopters. The S3 air at battalion provides
specific information concerning the planning and execution of air
movement as follows:
- Type, number, and ACL of helicopters.
- Location of PZ and LZ (primary and alternate).
- Air movement data and timing for the operations.
- Helicopter formations in PZ and LZ.
- Abort and alternate plans.
- Communications (primary and alternate frequencies).
- Downed aircraft procedures.
a.
Loading. The platoon leader designates chalk leaders (normally
the squad leader) for each helicopter used. The CL briefs the individuals
assigned to his chalk. Each soldier should know which helicopter he will
ride on and where he will enter and sit once inside. Movement to the
helicopter begins once the aircraft lands. The CL is responsible for
controlling his chalk and ensuring that all members are aware of any
changes.
(1)
Breakdown. An example breakdown for the UH-60 with an ACL
of 11 personnel is as follows:
Aircraft Number 1 Aircraft Number 2
----------------- -----------------
Platoon Leader Platoon Sergeant
Radio Telephone Operator Radio Telephone Operator
Assistant Squad Leader Assistant Squad Leader
Soldier Soldier
Soldier Soldier
Soldier Soldier
Squad Leader Squad Leader
Assistant Squad Leader Soldier
Soldier Soldier
Squad Leader
Once the breakdown for each aircraft is accomplished, the platoon leader
or platoon sergeant assigns the seating arrangement within the aircraft
and designates a chalk leader. The platoon rehearses loading and unloading
the aircraft to ensure all members of the platoon understand where they
enter and exit the aircraft and where they will sit in the aircraft.
(2)
Seats-in operation. The two techniques for loading the aircraft
with the seats-in are split chalk and whole chalk. These techniques are
METT-T dependent.
(a)
Split chalk. The chalk is split in far-side and
near-side groups. They move to the aircraft in file with the chalk
leader (CL) leading the near-side group (Figure D-2).
(b)
Whole chalk. The CL supervises the loading of the near-side
group. Then, he goes around the front of the aircraft to supervise
loading of the far-side group (Figure D-3).
Figure D-2. Split chalk loading.
Figure D-3. Whole chalk loading.
WARNING
IAW AR 95-1, THE SEAT-OUT TECHNIQUE IS USED IN COMBAT
ONLY--NEVER IN TRAINING. SEATS IN THE UH-60 ABSORB MUCH OF
THE IMPACT IN A WHEELS-DOWN CRASH. THUS, CONDUCTING
OPERATIONS WITH THE SEATS OUT GREATLY INCREASES THE RISK OF
INJURY TO PASSENGERS IN A CRASH. UNITS SHOULD REHEARSE THE
SEAT-OUT TECHNIQUE IN A SECURE LZ BEFORE COMBAT OPERATION.
THIS TECHNIQUE SHOULD BE REHEARSED WITH THE PILOTS WHO WILL
ACTUALLY FLY THE COMBAT MISSION AND WITH THE AIRCRAFT SHUT
DOWN.
(3)
Seats-out operations. With the troop seats removed, 22
combat-loaded soldiers and their rucksacks can be loaded (Figure D-4).
Figure D-4. Example seats-out operations load plan.
(a) Conducting combat operations with seats out offers some tactical
advantages. Fewer aircraft are needed for each mission. Each UH-60 can
carry almost twice as many soldiers when its seats are removed.
(b) The aircraft can be loaded from either or both sides. Soldiers
line up in numerical order IAW the load plan. Loading is quicker if both
sides are used.
(c) Before the soldiers enter the aircraft, each soldier's rucksack
is placed on the floor of the aircraft where that soldier will sit. Once
several rucksacks are in place, one or two soldiers who know the load plan
can climb aboard to help position the rest of the rucksacks.
(d) Once all the rucksacks are loaded, the soldiers are loaded from
rear to front. Soldiers already in the aircraft must help by pulling the
others in tightly until they are all loaded and the doors are closed.
Weapons are carried with muzzles down, safeties on, and no rounds
chambered.
(e) Leaders sit in the front. This gives them access to the radio
handset between and just aft of the crew seats. Sitting here also allows
leaders to communicate with the pilots. The best way for a leader to do
this is to give the pilot a note with the LZ coordinates and landing
instructions. For example, "Land on western edge of LZ Green at grid
AB123456, aircraft facing north."
(f) The aircraft doors should be opened as the helicopter approaches
the LZ. Soldiers hold on to each other until time to unload. They should
unload from both sides of the helicopter when ground slope permits. One
soldier is tasked to check the helicopter to ensure no equipment is left
behind.
b.
Individual Requirements.
- Fasten helmet chinstraps.
- Tie down loose equipment.
- Unload all weapons and place on SAFE with muzzle down.
- Unfix bayonets (if fixed).
- Wear identification tags.
- RATELO use short-whip antennas only.
- Once seated, fasten safety bel
c.
Unloading. Once the aircraft lands, soldiers exit the helicopter
as fast as possible with all equipment. The CL confirms landing direction
from the pilot to assist in orientation on the LZ, particularly at night.
Individuals move out from the side of the aircraft and assume the prone
position facing away from the aircraft, weapons at the ready, until the
aircraft has departed the LZ.
d.
Immediate Action on LZ. If contact is made upon landing, soldiers
exit the helicopter and immediately return fire upon the enemy to allow
the aircraft to depart. All elements establish a base of fire from their
initial position. The platoon leader calls for fire, if available, and once
a base of fire is established, directs elements to break contact. This is
situation dependent.
3.
VEHICLE MOVEMENT. The battalion commander may decide to use
vehicle assets to move the platoon. Again, the decision is based upon
METT-T. The use of vehicles allows the platoon to enter into their area
of operations faster.
a.
Organization. The number and type of transportation available
dictate the platoon's organization for movement. The platoon leader
assigns vehicle commanders, normally a squad leader.
b.
Loading. Each vehicle commander is responsible for loading his
assigned vehicle. The vehicle commander briefs the individuals assigned
to his vehicle.
- Where to place equipment.
- Route (primary/alternate), start point,
release point, check poin
- Contingencies (vehicle breakdown, actions
on contact)
APPENDIX 4 (ENGINEER)
TO
ANNEX B (OPERATIONS)
TO
RECONNAISSANCE PLATOON TSOP
1.
GENERAL. This appendix prescribes considerations for employment
of combat engineer assets to enhance capabilities.
2.
COMMAND AND CONTROL. The platoon sergeant is responsible
for linking up with the engineers. He ensures that the engineers are
integrated into the perimeter and obtains all administrative requirements
from the NCOIC. The NCOIC is included in all platoon meetings. After
the engineers are established, the NCOIC reports to the platoon leader.
3.
EMPLOYMENT.
a. During platoon operations, engineers may be used--
(1) To assist in reconnaissance operations, particularly route
reconnaissance.
(2) To increase sustained combat capability for the platoon through
mobility, countermobility, and survivability. Planning considerations
include the following:
(a)
Mobility. Obstacle reduction to improve movement. Tasks are--
- Countermine (detect, bypass, breach, mark).
- Counterobstacle (detect, bypass, breach, reduce).
- Gap crossing (prepare assault sites, secure far shore,
construct/emplace bridges).
(b)
Countermobility. Normally the highest priority engineer task.
Obstacle construction tasks to delay, disrupt, and kill the enemy are--
- Mine warfare (conventional or scatterable).
- Demolition-type obstacles.
- Conventional obstacles (craters, abatis, wir
(c)
Survivability. Development of fighting or protective position.
Priorities for engineers are--
- Crew-served weapon/antitank positions.
b. Engineer units addressed in OPORDs are given the following as
a minimum:
(1) Mission and enemy situation.
(2) Concept of the operation and the commander's intent
(3) Initial location.
(4) Movement instructions.
(5) On-order/be-prepared missions/tasks.
(6) Priorities of effort/support.
APPENDIX 5 (AIR DEFENSE)
TO
ANNEX B (OPERATIONS)
TO
RECONNAISSANCE PLATOON TSOP
1.
GENERAL.
a. Passive air defense measures are vital to operations (cover,
concealment, camouflage, dispersion, fire discipline, protective
construction). Passive air defense is always used.
b. Active air defense measures are used only in extreme circumstances
(generally when under direct enemy attack).
2.
AIR DEFENSE WARNINGS.
a.
Red - Attack imminent or in progress.
b.
Yellow - Attack probable.
c.
White - Attack not immediately probable or imminent.
3.
CONTROL OF AIR DEFENSE FIRES. (Weapons-tight status applies
until specifically directed other vise.)
a.
Weapon Control Status.
(1) Weapons hold - Fire only in self-defense.
(2) Weapons tight - Fire only at aircraft positively identified as
hostile (refer to b below).
(3) Weapons free - Fire at any aircraft not positively identified as
friendly.
b.
Rules of Engagement.
(1) Individual soldiers have no authority to deviate from the
established weapon control status or hostile identification criteria during
individual operation, except that the rule of self-defense applies. Changes
to the weapon control status and hostile identification criteria are made
only--
(a) On order of higher headquarters. Verbal authentication is
mandatory.
(b) By subordinate commanders imposing a more restrictive status
or criteria.
(2) Soldiers under direct attack use individual weapons to engage
low-flying, positively identified hostile aircraft only after fire is
authorized by the platoon leader or the senior ranking NCO.
APPENDIX 6 (NBC DEFENSE)
TO
ANNEX B (OPERATIONS)
TO
RECONNAISSANCE PLATOON TSOP
1.
GENERAL. This appendix provides guidance for the effective
implementation of NBC defense procedures in tactical situations.
2.
EARLY WARNING AND ALARMS.
a.
NBC Reconnaissance. The M256 chemical detection kit and
chemical detection paper (M8/M9 paper) is used, based on a METT-T
analysis, to detect chemical agents. The IM-174 radiacmeter is used to
detect radiological contamination.
b.
Alarms. This includes vocal and arm-and-hand signals.
(1) The vocal alarm for any chemical or biological hazard: the word
"GAS."
(2) Standard arm-and-hand signal. (See STP 21-1-SMCT.)
(3) Improvised audio alarm: Metal on metal, or three long blasts on
vehicle horn or siren.
3.
MASKING.
a.
Automatic Masking. Individuals should mask automatically--
(1) When an automatic alarm sounds.
(2) When a positive reading is obtained on detector paper or chemical
agent detection kits.
(3) When individuals show symptoms of chemical agent poisoning.
(4) When an artillery attack occurs in an NBC threat environment.
For example, the enemy has the ability to employ NBC rounds.
b.
Unmasking. Soldiers should unmask--
(1) As soon as possible, except when a biological or toxin attack is
suspected. The senior soldier in charge directs the unmasking procedures.
(2) IAW the procedure outlined in FM 3-4.
4.
NBC WARNING REPORTS. (See Appendix 5, Annex H, for NBC report formats.)
a. All NBC defense personnel maintain a copy of GTA 3-6-3, based
on METT-T analysis.
b. FM 3-3 provides specific instructions for preparing and
interpreting NBC messages.
5.
DECONTAMINATION. The platoon conducts decontamination operations IAW
the procedures outlined in FM 3-5.
APPENDIX 7 (RELIEF IN PLACE)
TO
ANNEX B (OPERATIONS)
TO
RECONNAISSANCE PLATOON TSOP
1.
GENERAL. The reconnaissance platoon leader will coordinate with
the battalion S3/2 as soon as the order to conduct a relief in place is
received.
2.
CHECKLIST FOR THE RELIEF IN PLACE. The following is coordinated:
a. Exchange of enemy information.
b. Reconnaissance of the area.
c. Exchange of communications information.
d. Use of guides and liaison personnel.
e. Security measures to be used, which includes deception plans.
f. Control measures to be used.
g. Fire support.
h. Method and sequence of relief.
i. Traffic control.
j. Transfer of responsibility.
3.
RECONNAISSANCE OF THE POSITION. Commanders and leaders of both forces
conduct reconnaissance of the position to determine--
a. The disposition of the relieved force in its defensive positions.
Each leader should obtain a copy of the sector sketch.
b. Locations of separate areas for each squad.
c. Locations of the release points.
d. Locations of the contact points.
e. Separate routes to be used for each squad.
f. Locations of any obstacles.
g. Locations of the CS and CSS elements such as CPs, trains, aid
stations, mortars, and antitank weapons.
APPENDIX 8 (LINKUP)
TO
ANNEX B (OPERATIONS)
TO
RECONNAISSANCE PLATOON TSOP
1.
GENERAL. Upon receipt of a warning order to execute a link up
operation, the platoon leader contacts the other force concerned. Contact
is always made from moving forces to stationary forces. If both are moving,
higher headquarters determines which force makes contact.
2.
CHECKLIST FOR LINKUP OPERATIONS.
a. Coordination is established to provide for the following:
- Command relationship of forces upon linkup and effective time.
- Mutual recognition system.
- Schemes of maneuver (to include control measures).
- Fire support (to include control measures).
- Actions to be taken after linkup.
b. The stationary force can provide the following assistance:
- Lanes through obstacles or airhead.
- Limited logistical and maintenance support.
- Information on recent enemy activity.
c. The moving force can provide the following assistance:
3.
LINKUP SIGNALS. Infrared filter light is the standard linkup signal
at night. The VS17 panel "pink" is used for daylight.
a. The stationary force initiates the signal after radio contact with
the moving force or at a predesignated time. They initiate it by flashing
the IR filter light once in the expected direction of the moving force. Use
the red lens as an alternate signal.
b. The moving force answers the stationary force by flashing the IR
filter light twice toward the linkup point. After positive linkup has been
made, forces continue the mission as quickly as possible.
c. Forces may use colored lens covers on flashlights by following the
same procedures used between stationary and moving forces.
APPENDIX 9 (PASSAGE OF LINES)
TO
ANNEX B (OPERATIONS)
TO
RECONNAISSANCE PLATOON TSOP
1.
GENERAL. The commander of the passing force contacts the stationary
force on receipt of a warning order to execute a passage of lines or
withdrawal through a rearward position.
2.
CHECKLIST FOR THE PASSAGE OF LINES.
a.
Liaison. Immediate liaison is established and maintained
until the operation is completed.
b.
Forward and Rearward Passage of Lines. Coordination is
established to provide for the following:
- Selection of CP for moving force near the stationary CP.
- Exchange of intelligence.
- Exchange of tactical and communication plans.
- Arrangements for reconnaissance of routes, and for
passage or withdrawal point patrols.
- Security measures for the operation (recognition
signals, exchange of SOI items, and so on).
- Time and location for passage of command.
- Administrative, refueling, supply, and medical support
- Route priority and movement control.
- Areas of passage or withdrawal, and guides.
(1) Areas selected for the passage or withdrawal should be unoccupied
between or on the flanks of forces in position and use multiple routes to
reduce their vulnerability during the operation.
(2) Priority of routes go to forces executing the passage or withdrawal.
Traffic control is the responsibility of the force in position. This
responsibility transfers with the passage of command.
(3) Passage of command is determined by mutual agreement by both
commanders and is approved by the higher commander who directed the passage
or linkup.
(4) The force in position provides the following administrative
support:
- Evacuation of casualties and EPWs.
- Facilities (fueling points, water points, and so on).
- Route priority and traffic control.
c.
Conduct. Liaison is established from the passing force to the
force in position, down to and including platoon level.
(1) Movement during execution must be as deliberate and rapid as
the tactical situation, light, and terrain allow.
(2) Routes, passage points, and so on are reconnoitered to the lowest
level practicable.
APPENDIX 10 (ASSEMBLY AREA)
TO
ANNEX B (OPERATIONS)
TO
RECONNAISSANCE PLATOON TSOP
1.
GENERAL. The battalion occupies an assembly area for security while
preparing for future operations. Preparations can include reorganizing,
planning and issuing the order, rehearsing, receiving and issuing supplies,
and maintaining vehicles and equipment. The actions of the battalion's
move and occupation of an assembly area are covered in the battalion SOP.
2.
QUARTERING PARTY. The reconnaissance platoon moves with or, in most
cases, in advance of the battalion quartering party. The quartering
party precedes the main body and moves by infiltration--not as part of
the march column.
a. The platoon reconnoiters the proposed assembly area for signs of
enemy activity and suitability of the site. Each squad is given an area or
zone to reconnoiter. Each squad is briefed on the information requirements
for their particular area, and when and where to linkup with the platoon
leader.
b. The platoon leader designates an area to establish an ORP. All
squads ensure that they know the exact location of the ORP in order to
leave excess equipment before departing on their reconnaissance. Once the
ORP is established, the platoon leader's RATELO contacts the quartering
party OIC. If not previously coordinated, the RATELO informs the quartering
party OIC of the linkup point.
c. The platoon leader conducts link up with the quartering party.
The platoon leader briefs the quartering party OIC on the location and
routes of the squads and the location of the platoon ORP. This information
is necessary since it prevents unexpected contact with the squads and
members of the quartering party. Once the squads have completed their
reconnaissance, they return to the platoon ORP.
3.
ORGANIZATION. The assembly area may be organized by assigning companies
either sectors of the battalion perimeter or dispersed assembly areas within
the battalion assembly area.
a. Security may be augmented by visual observation, sensors, and
surveillance devices. Contact points for forces can also be designated
to aid in coordinating security efforts. Al routes in and out of the
assembly area are strictly controlled. Roads are not used to define
boundaries. Roads are the specific responsibility of the platoon whose
sector they pass through.
b. The platoon might be tasked to reconnoiter routes of movement
to counterattack positions, defensive positions, or passage lanes; or,
it may be tasked to provide security by establishing OPs, roadblocks, or
traffic control points.
c. The assembly area must allow adequate dispersion of all elements
of the battalion.
d. OPs cover key terrain features and avenues of approach.
e. The battalion CP and trains are centrally located for security
and to simplify planning, issuing orders, distributing supplies, and other
activities.
f. Elements communicate by wire (if time and distance allows it to be
installed) or by messenger to avoid enemy direction-finding capabilities.
Radio is used only when necessary.
g. Occupation of an assembly area during limited visibility requires
preparation by the quartering party. Usually, the most critical handover
occurs at the RP. Thorough coordination is necessary for the march force
to pass smoothly through the RP without halts.
h. Several marking techniques are available to aid in smooth
night-time occupation. Guides using prearranged colored or infrared lights
for recognition signals meet the march force at the RP and lead force along
a marked route to the assembly area. Light discipline is practiced by
shielding all illumination devices, including infrared. Communication wire,
engineer tape, or both can be used to mark routes to company RPs. Subunit
guides, using prearranged infrared or colored lights or flash recognition
signals, link up with companies or platoons and lead them to prepared
sectors.
i. Once the assembly area is established, the platoon leader
coordinates with the main CP for upcoming missions.
j. The platoon sergeant establishes priority of work. The squad
leader ensures priorities are followed.
- Maintenance, weapons, radios, NVDs, personnel.
ANNEX C (FIRE SUPPORT)
TO
RECONNAISSANCE PLATOON TSOP
1.
PLANNING. The reconnaissance platoon leader is responsible for the
following:
a. Coordinates for fire support with the battalion fire support
officer. Coordinates directly with the mortar platoon leader when the
opportunity exists.
b. Understanding how fire support is to be used to support the
mission. This includes priority and types of fire support available and
engagement criteria.
c. Fire control measures (for example, no-fire area, restrictive fire
lines).
d. Fire support request channels. Confirms this with battalion FSO
and mortar platoon leader.
2.
SQUAD LEADERS. Squad leaders are responsible for calling and
adjusting indirect fires. Methods of calling for fire include grid,
polar, and shift from a known point. Squad leaders request indirect
fires based on the platoon leader's guidance. TRPs are included in the
squad/platoon sector sketches.
NOTE: All indirect fires must be observed.
ANNEX D (INTELLIGENCE)
TO
RECONNAISSANCE PLATOON TSOP
1.
GENERAL. The reconnaissance platoon is the primary information
gathering asset for the battalion commander.
2.
REQUESTS AND REPORTS. (See Appendix 2, Annex H.)
a. Required reports and times for submission are established in each
OPORD based on the mission.
b. SALUTE reports are submitted when any known or suspected
enemy activity has been observed.
3.
INTELLIGENCE OPERATIONS CHECKLIST.
a.
Planning Phase.
(1) Analyze the mission.
(2) Prepare analysis of the area of operations.
(3) Coordinate with S2 for PIR and IR.
(4) Request and distribute maps and imagery.
(5) Conduct threat and OPSEC briefings.
(6) Coordinate reporting schedules with higher.
b.
Execution Phase.
(1) Report all significant information to higher headquarters
via report formats in Appendix 2 to Annex H.
(2) Ensure squads are reporting promptly.
(3) Disseminate information to subordinates promptly.
(4) Recommend changes to PIR and IR.
(5) Provide continuous information to battalion.
ANNEX E (OPERATIONAL SECURITY)
TO
RECONNAISSANCE PLATOON TSOP
1.
COVER AND CONCEALMENT.
a.
Camouflage. Camouflage paint is used by all soldiers in the
platoon to cover exposed skin. The outline of an individual is broken
using vegetation, burlap, or any other available means. Fighting positions
are camouflaged using all exposed dirt to break up the outline of a position.
The position is checked from the enemy's view. Equipment is camouflaged
using vegetation to break up the outline of the equipment and to cover
all reflective surfaces.
b.
Protection. Fighting positions have 18 inches of overhead cover.
Soft caps may be worn at the platoon leader's discretion when conducting
reconnaissance or surveillance operations. However, helmets are worn
during all nonreconnaissance operations.
c.
Concealment. In order to avoid detection, squads maximize the use
of terrain and vegetation.
2.
OBSERVATION POSTS.
a.
Positioning. OPs always contain a minimum of two soldiers and
have communication with the scout platoon headquarters (landline, FM,
or signaling device). OPs are positioned IAW METT-T. Routes to and
from the OP are recorded and rehearsed. Each member of the OP is
thoroughly briefed on the rules of engagement before departing for their
post. Signals for the return of OPs (running password, challenge/password,
light signals) will be established and briefed to all platoon personnel.
b.
Relief of OPs. When an OP is relieved, the relieving personnel
meet with the current OPs and receive a briefing that contains, as a
minimum:
- Call signs and frequencies
- Routes to and from perimete
- All signals and passwords.
- Area of responsibility of observation.
3.
STAND-TO. A stand-to will be conducted 30 minutes before BMNT
and 30 minutes after EENT.
a. Assistant team leaders and squad leaders check every individual
soldier to ensure he is awake and alert, to ensure his equipment is all
packed in his rucksack, and to ensure he is observing his fields of fire
in his assigned fighting position.
b. Team leaders and squad leaders gather sensitive items report and
weapons operational status, and passes the report to the platoon sergeant.
c. The platoon sergeant gathers the reports, spot checks squad
positions, and passes the reports to platoon leader.
d. The platoon leader reports to higher headquarters, spot checks
squad.
4.
NOISE, LIGHT, AND LITTER DISCIPLINE.
a. During preparation for combat, each squad conducts a final
inspection. Shortcomings in noise discipline are identified. Clanking,
rattling, and so forth, is subdued by the use of tape or cloth as required.
b. When lights are necessary for planning or map reading, a poncho
is used to conceal the light.
c. Cigarettes and cooking fires are not lit during daylight or
darkness without permission of the platoon leader, or the leader of an
independent element.
d. Nonverbal means of communication are used to the maximum extent
possible. Keep voices low when it is necessary to talk.
e. During stationary operations, trash is collected and backhauled
during logistics runs. If this is not practical (and in all other
operations), soldiers carry trash until it can be disposed of securely
(it is not buried or hidden unless specifically authorized).
5.
SENSITIVE ITEMS. Before departing an assembly area, squad leaders
check each soldier to make sure no unauthorized information concerning
the mission is carried forward. The platoon leader designates the
information that is unauthorized. All unauthorized materials will be
given to the platoon sergeant for destruction.
ANNEX F (LOGISTICS)
TO
RECONNAISSANCE PLATOON TSOP
1.
GENERAL. In reconnaissance platoon operations, resupply is critical.
The key to logistics is anticipation of requirements and planning. The
platoon sergeant is the platoon's logistic coordinator and planner. Requests
for resupply are coordinated through the platoon sergeant. Once the platoon
sergeant coordinates for resupply, he briefs the squad leaders on the time,
location, and method of resupply.
2.
EXECUTION. The tactical situation dictates the methods used for
resupply. These methods include ground, vehicle and aerial (rotor and
fixed wing). Each squad designates two soldiers to assist the platoon
sergeant in recovering resupply. These soldiers should have all the broken
equipment and empty containers. The platoon sergeant links up with the
soldiers and moves to and secures the drop-off site. Once resupply arrives,
the designated soldiers load the resupply, exchange the broken equipment, and
fill the empty containers. This should take no longer than 15 minutes. Once
this is completed, the platoon sergeant moves back to the linkup site and
breaks down the supplies. Excess supplies are cached. Never discard any
supplies that can be used by the enemy or give them any indication that you
are in the area. When this is completed, they move back to the squad's
location and issue the supplies.
3.
SOLDIER'S LOAD. Determining the soldier's load is a critical leader
task. The soldier's load is always METT-T dependent and must be closely
monitored. Soldiers cannot afford to carry unnecessary equipment into
the battle. Every contingency cannot be covered. The primary consideration
is not how much a soldier can carry, but how much he can carry without
impairing combat effectiveness.
4.
COMBAT LOAD. The mission-essential equipment, as determined by the
platoon leader responsible for carrying out the mission, required for
soldiers to survive immediate combat operations. When possible, a
soldier's combat load should not exceed 60 pounds. There are two
components as follows:
a.
Fighting Load. The fighting load (the essential items needed
to fight) includes bayonet, weapons, clothing, helmet, LBE, and a reduced
amount of ammunition.
b.
Approach March Load. The approach march load includes those items
that are needed for extended operations. These are dropped in an ORP or
other points before or upon contact with the enemy.
5.
LOAD WEIGHTS.
a.
Fighting Load. Items will be added or deleted based on METT-T
and other factors.
Weight
Item Pounds
------ --------
Helmel, Ballistic .......................................... 3.4
Pistol Bell, Suspenders and First-Aid Pouch ................ 1.6
Canteen, 1 Quart, and Cover with Water (2 each) ............ 5.6
Case, Small Arms (2 each) .................................. 1.8
Bayonet with Scabbard ...................................... 1.3
Protective Mask with Decontamination Kit ................... 3.0
Rifle, M16A2 with 30 Rounds of 5.56-mm Ball In Magazine .... 8.8
Magazines (4) with 120 Rounds of 5.56-mm Ball .............. 3.6
Grenade, Fragmentation (1) ................................. 1.0
-------
TOTAL 30.1
b.
Approach March Load. Items will be added or deleted from this
list based on METT-T and other factors. When possible, the combined
weight of both lists will not exceed 60 pounds.
Weight
Item Pounds
------ --------
ALICE, Medium with Frame .................................. 6.3
Rations, MRE (3 each) ..................................... 3.9
Canteen, 2 Quart, and Cover with Water .................... 4.8
Toilet Articles ........................................... 2.0
Towel ..................................................... 0.2
Bag, Waterproof ........................................... 0.8
E-Tool with Carrier ....................................... 2.5
Poncho, Nylon ............................................. 1.3
Liner, Poncho.............................................. 1.6
Binoculars ................................................ 3.2
Battery, Radio, Spare ..................................... 3.0
-------
TOTAL 29.6
(1) This list assumes a best case scenario where resupply can occur.
However, the platoon may be required to carry heavier loads due to the
nature of their mission. This fact does not negate the battalion's
responsibility for planning adequate logistical support or the platoon
leader's responsibility for ensuring that a logistical plan is coordinated.
(2) This list also keeps the "droppable" rucksack load under 30 pounds
and the overall load under 60 pounds.
6.
SUSTAINMENT LOAD. The remaining equipment and materials needed for
sustained operations must be carried by company and battalion assets.
7.
LOAD MANAGEMENT TECHNIQUES.
a. The leader decides, based on METT-T, what will be carried in the
rucksack and what will be carried within immediate reach of the soldier.
b. Soldiers distribute loads evenly over body and LBE.
c. Nothing is carried on the front side of the LBE that prevents the
soldier from taking well-aimed shots.
d. Distribute loads throughout the platoon.
e. Rotate heavy loads among several soldiers.
f. Always consider transportation assets to carry loads.
g. Drop rucksacks on enemy contact, or leave them in ORP.
h. Share or consolidate items.
i. Consider carrying fewer rations for shorter missions.
j. When carrying rucksacks, use water and rations in it first. After
rucksacks have been dropped, soldiers will still have a full supply on their
LBE.
NOTE: All rucksacks must look identical. Items common to
all loads should be located in the same place.
ANNEX G (PERSONNEL AND ADMINISTRATION)
TO
RECONNAISSANCE PLATOON TSOP
1.
PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT.
a.
Reports. Annex H, Appendix 1. Squads report their status as
soon as possible when present-for-duty strength falls below 85 percent,
70 percent, and 50 percent. Key personnel losses and any identified or
temporary replacements are highlighted.
b.
Replacements. The platoon sergeant requests replacements through
the administrative and logistic net. All replacements are controlled at
the field trains. The platoon sergeant is responsible for all replacements
until the squad leader receives replacements.
c.
Casualties. All casualties are reported on the administrative/
logistics radio net via PERSTATREP. Team leaders and above each carry
DA Form 1155/1156 pads in the top flaps of their rucksacks for recording
casualty information. Transportation of bodies is coordinated by the
platoon as soon as the tactical situation allows. If no evacuation/
transportation is available, the deceased are buried and the eight-digit
grid coordinates are recorded for future recovery. The platoon arranges
for the recovery of bodies and personal effects for evacuation to the
soldiers' home stations.
d.
Enemy Prisoners of War. Enemy prisoners of war are evacuated to
a collection point as specified in the OPORD--not to CPs. Squads provide
guards to remain with EPWs until transferred to MP custody or LAW battalion
SOP.
2.
PERSONNEL ADMINISTRATION.
a.
Postal. The platoon sergeant collects and distributes the mail.
The squad leaders are responsible for collecting squad mail. The squad
leaders turn in outgoing mail to the platoon sergeant during resupply
operations and pick up incoming mail at the same time.
b.
Awards and Decorations. All awards and decorations are processed
IAW AR 672-5-1. Valor awards require two witness statements.
3.
MEDICAL.
a.
Planning. Three basic elements of medical support are planned
for tactical operations.
(1) Triage/treatment.
(2) Evacuation.
(3) Supply/resupply.
b.
MEDEVAC. Reports are initiated on the platoon net. If a soldier
is unable to continue the mission, the following actions are required:
(1) If the tactical situation permits, the patient is moved to the
nearest casualty collection point.
(2) If the tactical situation permits, the casualty and one soldier
remain in the current location. The platoon leader or senior NCO notifies
battalion of the location and requests evacuation. The combat lifesaver
or senior NCO determines evacuation priorities based on the patient's
condition. Personal equipment and nonmission-essential equipment
accompanies the soldier, if evacuated. Mission-essential equipment remains
with the squad.
c.
Killed in Action. Soldiers killed in action are placed in any
shrouding material that is available (a sleeping bag or poncho). KIAs
will not be evacuated before wounded soldiers. If the tactical situation
permits, KIAs are moved to the nearest casualty collection point. If the
tactical situation does not allow this, KlAs are buried in the current
location, if authorized. The platoon leader or senior NCO notifies
battalion of the location, name, and circumstances of death. This
information, along with one identification tag and mission-essential
equipment, remains with the squad. A list of serial number items and
serial numbers go forward with the remains for identification purposes.
d.
Preventive Medicine.
(1) Daily personal hygiene includes washing, shaving, and brushing
teeth.
(2) Personal inspection for removal of ticks will be performed
every six hours in heavily forested/jungle areas. All parasitic
infestations (ticks, fleas, lice, and so on) should be reported immediately
to medical personnel.
(3) Soldiers will not capture or handle snakes for any reason.
(4) Soldiers will not capture or handle animals. Animal bites are
reported immediately to the chain of command.
(5) Combat lifesavers perform daily inspections. Foot problems are
first priority. Squad leaders ensure that soldiers are changing socks and
drying feet whenever the tactical situation permits.
(6) All diarrhea illnesses are reported to the battalion surgeon/PA.
4.
RELIGIOUS SERVICES. The platoon sergeant is responsible for
religious services. Squad leaders notify the platoon sergeant if religious
services are requested.
5.
LEGAL.
a.
Discipline, Law, and Order.
(1) All soldiers are still subject to UCMJ in a combat environment.
Squad leaders record any discipline problems and report them to the chain
of command.
(2) When a soldier is suspected of having committed an offense
punishable under the UCMJ, he may be permitted to continue performing
his normal duties pending legal action provided it will not jeopardize
accomplishment of the mission, the safety or morale of the platoon, or
present a flight risk.
b.
Conduct if Captured. Soldiers identify themselves as American
soldiers and insist on proper treatment IAW the 1949 Geneva Convention. The
Code of Conduct and the Uniform Code of Military Justice remain in effect.
c.
Claims. Claims by local citizens should be referred through the
battalion claims officer to SJA for disposition. Reasonable effort should
be made to preserve evidence of accidents for further investigation by US
Claims authorities. Under no circumstances should soldiers promise or
commit the US to reimburse for damages.
d.
War Crimes. Suspected violations of the law of war whether
committed by the enemy, US allies, or US personnel are reported immediately
through the chain of command or other appropriate channels (provost marshal,
inspector general, chaplain, and JAG) for rapid investigation.
e.
Disposition of Captured Weapons, Materiel, and Equipment.
(1) All captured material is evacuated through appropriate channels as
US Government property.
(2) No war trophies or mementos are taken.
(3) Personal property of EPW, civilians, or enemy KIA remains with
the individual or the body as appropriate.
f.
Weapons and Munitions.
(1) No privately owned weapons, ammunition, or explosives are
carried or used by soldiers during operations.
(2) All military munitions, explosives, ammunition, and firing devices
are strictly controlled, accounted for, secured, and turned in upon
completion of operations.
ANNEX H (REPORTS AND REQUESTS)
TO
RECONNAISSANCE PLATOON TSOP
1.
SCHEDULE OF REPORTS.
a. The following is a schedule of mandatory recurring reports and the
frequency with which they are due; the times may vary IAW battalion
TSOP:
AS DUE TO
NET OF BN OPNS
REPORT FREQ USED TIME CENTER PROPONENT
-----------------------------------------------------------------
PERSTATREP D/X PLT 1100Z 1200Z Squad Leader/
Platoon Sergeant
PL's SITREP D PLT 2400Z 0600Z Platoon Leader
LOGSTAT D PLT 2400Z 0600Z Platoon Leader/
Platoon Sergeant
Battle Loss D/X PLT 2400Z 0600Z Platoon Leader/
Platoon Sergeant
Effective D/X PLT Updated NA Squad Leader
Downwind Every 12
Message Hours
Chemical D/X PLT Updated NA Squad Leader
Downwind Every 6
Message Hours
(D = Daily, X = by exception)
2.
MEANS OF TRANSMISSION. The preferred means of transmission
for reports is by messenger. When messengers cannot be used, wire or
secure radio (if available) are used.
3.
FORMATS. The following appendixes should be included in the TSOP.
a.
Appendix 1 - Personnel Reports (Omitted)
(1) Tab A - Personnel Status Report (Omitted)
(2) Tab B - Casualty Feeder Report (Omitted)
(3) Tab C - Witness Statement (Omitted)
(4) Tab D - Serious Incident Report (Omitted)
b.
Appendix 2 - Intelligence Reports (Omitted)
(1) Tab A - EPW/Captured Materiel Report (Omitted)
(2) Tab B - Intelligence Summary (Omitted)
(3) Tab C - MIJI Feeder (Omitted)
c.
Appendix 3 - Operations Reports (Omitted)
(1) Tab A - Results of Contact Report (Omitted)
(2) Tab B - Commander's Situation Report (Omitted)
(3) Tab C - Minefield Report (Omitted)
(4) Tab D - Air Request Support (Omitted)
(5) Tab E - Shelling Report, Mortar Report, Bomb Report (Omitted)
(6) Tab F - Deployment/Redeployment Report (Omitted)
(7) Tab G - Closure Report (Omitted)
d.
Appendix 4 - Logistics Reports (Omitted)
(1) Tab A - LOGSTAT (Omitted)
(2) Tab B - Battle Loss (Omitted)
(3) Tab C - Resupply Insertion Request (Omitted)
e.
Appendix 5 - NBC Reports (Omitted)
(1) Tab A - NBC 1 Report (Omitted)
(2) Tab B - NBC 2 Report (Omitted)
(3) Tab C - NBC 3 Report (Omitted)
(4) Tab D - NBC 4 Report (Omitted)
(5) Tab E - NBC 5 Report (Omitted)
(6) Tab F - NBC 6 Report (Omitted)
(7) Tab G - NUCWARN/CHEMWARN (Omitted)
(8) Tab H - Effective Downwind Message (Omitted)
(9) Tab I - Chemical Downwind Message (Omitted)
ANNEX I (OPSKEDs)
TO
RECONNAISSANCE PLATOON TSOP
TASK CODE NAME
------ -----------
Appendix 1. Patrol ............................. Ranger
Appendix 2. Actions at Objective (Recon)........ Darby
Appendix 3. Contact Report ..................... Salute
Appendix 4. Quartering Party ................... Pilot
Appendix 5. Passage of Lines ................... River
APPENDIX 1 (PATROL)
TO
ANNEX I (OPSKEDs)
TO
RECONNAISSANCE PLATOON TSOP
PATROL (RANGER)
LINE 1. AT INITIAL RALLY POINT (IRP)/AT INSERT POINT
2. FFL PASSAGE
A. Complete, In Security Halt/TRP
B. Compromised, Continuing Mission
C. Compromised, Returning
3. SEND(ING) SITREP
4. PATROL AT CHECKPOINT _______
5. MOVE(ING) ON ALTERNATE ROUTE
6. PATROL SEPARATED, ATTEMPTING LINK UP
7. LINK UP COMPLETE
8. PROCEED TO RALLY POINT _________
9. AT RALLY POINT ________
A. 50%
B. 75%
C. 90%
D. 100%
10. RECON(ING) ORP
11. MOVE PATROL AZIMUTH _____ , _____ METERS
12. ORP OCCUPIED
13. CONDUCTING LEADERS RECON (IRP, ORP, OBJ,
PATROL BASE, DANGER AREA, AND SO FORTH)
14. RETURN(ING) TO ORP
15. LEAVE(ING) ORP
16. MOVE(ING) ON ALTERNATE RETURN ROUTE
17. INTEL IN HAND
A. EPW
B. Documents
C. Equipment
D. Photos
E. Sketches
F. EEI
18. REQUEST EXTRACTION
A. Helicopter (type)
B. Airplane (type)
C. Boat (type)
D. Truck (type)
E. Stabo
F. Other
19. PICKUP POINT, GRID OR TIRS _____ , _____ TIME
20. AT PICKUP POINT
21. PICKUP COMPLETE
22. REQUEST INSTRUCTIONS
23. RECON(ING) RE-ENTRY RALLY POINT (RRP)
24. RRP OCCUPIED
25. RECON(ING) FFL
26. RECON UNSUCCESSFUL, REQUEST INSTRUCTIONS
A. Continue Recon
B. Wait Until Light, Try Again
27. LEAVE(ING) RRP (SEE LINE 2)
28. DEBRIEF AT (LOCATION), (TIME)
APPENDIX 2 (ACTIONS AT OBJECTIVE (RECON))
TO
ANNEX I (OPSKEDs)
TO
RECONNAISSANCE PLATOON TSOP
ACTIONS AT OBJ RECON (DARBY)
See Ranger Lines 1 Through 13
LINE 1. AT RELEASE POINT
2. OBJECTIVE PINPOINTED
3. SECURITY TEAMS MOVE(ING) OUT
4. SECURITY TEAMS IN POSITION
5. SURVEILLANCE/R&S TEAMS MOVE(ING) OUT
6. SURVEILLANCE/R&S TEAMS IN POSITION
7. ESSENTIAL ELEMENTS OF INFORMATION (EEI)____COL
8. ALL EEI COLLECTED
9. ENEMY ON OBJECTIVE
10. FORCES ENTERING OBJECTIVE AREA
A. Personnel
B. Vehicles
11. FORCES LEAVING OBJECTIVE AREA
A. Personnel
B. Vehicles
12. CONDUCTING RECON, GRID ____ OR TIRS ____
A. Recon Delayed, Wait
B. Recon Complete, Return(ing) To ORP
C. Recon Compromised, Return(ing) To ORP
D. Recon Possibly Compromised, Freeze
E. Recon Possibly Compromised, Need Help
F. Be Prepared To Move Out Immediately
13. PROCEED(ING) TO RALLY POINT
14. REQUEST SUPPORT FIRES ______________
A. Star
B. Lift
C. Shift
Direction
______ Distance
______
APPENDIX 3 (CONTACT REPORT)
TO
ANNEX I (OPSKEDs)
TO
RECONNAISSANCE PLATOON TSOP
CONTACT REPORT (SALUTE)
Mandatory (abbreviated SALT)
LINE 1. SIZE OF UNIT
2. ACTIVITY
3. LOCATION
4. UNIT
5. TIME
6. EQUIPMENT
7. WHO INITIATED CONTACT
8. RESULTS (CONTACT FOLLOW UP, SALUTE II)
APPENDIX 4 (QUARTERING PARTY)
TO
ANNEX I (OPSKEDs)
TO
RECONNAISSANCE PLATOON TSOP
QUARTERING PARTY (PILOT)
LINE 1. ASSEMBLE QUARTERING PART AT
2. QUARTERING PARTY PREPARED TO MOVE
3. QUARTERING PARTY MOVING OUT
4. RECON COMPLETE
5. QUARTERING PARTY MOVING TO TRAFFIC
CONTROL POINT _________
6. QUARTERING PARTY IN POSITION
7. ASSEMBLY AREA PREPARATION COMPLETE
8. GUIDES EN ROUTE TO UNITS
9. UNIT AT LINKUP POINT
10. UNIT AT DISMOUNT POINT
APPENDIX 5 (PASSAGE OF LINES)
TO
ANNEX I (OPSKEDs)
TO
RECONNAISSANCE PLATOON TSOP
PASSAGE OF LINES (RIVER)
LINE 1. AT COORDINATION POINT
2. COORDINATION ON GOING
3. COORDINATION COMPLETE
A. Pers To Pass
B. Vehicles To Pass
4. INITIATING PASSAGE
5. A. 50% Complete
B. 75% Complete
C. 90% Complete
D. 100% Complete
6. MAJOR PROBLEM (ONE WORD DESCRIPTION)
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