Military

vii

Charge to the Noncommissioned Officer. Excerpted from the Department of the Army Certificate of Promotion, DA Form 4872, Jan 2000.

xi

Medal of Honor Citation. Excerpted from the Medal of Honor Citation for CSM (then SFC) Gary L. Littrell. The South Vietnamese 23^rd Ranger Battalion (the unit CSM Littrell was supporting at the time of the action) was in contact with elements of three North Vietnamese regiments - over 5000 enemy soldiers against 430.

Historical Vignettes

xii

Sergeant Patrick Gass Vignette -- L.R. Arms, Curator, US Army NCO Museum, "Sergeant Patrick Gass," May 2002.

xiii

SGT James Rissler Vignette -- SGT James R. Rissler, Interview, 19 June 2002.

Chapter 1 - History and Background

1-3

The section, "The History of the American NCO," is largely from L.R. Arms, Curator, US Army NCO Museum, "A Short History of the US Army Noncommissioned Officer," 1999.

1-4

Quotation of CSM Cynthia Pritchett, interview, 19 Sep 02.

1-5

Sergeant Brown at Redoubt Number 10, Arnold G. Fisch, Jr. and Robert K. Wright, Jr., The Story of the Noncommissioned Officer Corps, The Backbone of the Army. (Washington, DC: Center of Military History, 1989) (hereafter cited as The Story of the NCO Corps), 216.

1-7

Sergeant William McKinley at Antietam, Story of the NCO Corps, 217.

1-8

The 54^th Massachusetts Assault on Fort Wagner, Kim A. O'Connell, "The 54^th Massachusetts and the Assault on Fort Wagner." The Menare Foundation, http://www.ugrr.org/civil/cw-ess5.htm.

1-9

Buffalo Soldiers and Sergeant George Jordan, excerpted from the Medal of Honor Citation for Sergeant George Jordan.

1-9

Corporal Titus in the Boxer Rebellion, Story of the NCO Corps, 218.

1-11

Sergeant Patrick Walsh in World War I, Story of the NCO Corps, 219.

1-12

Staff Sergeant Kazuo Otani at Pieve Di St. Luce, excerpted from the Medal of Honor Citation for Staff Sergeant Kazuo Otani.

1-13

Staff Sergeant John Sjogren at San Jose Hacienda, excerpted from the Medal of Honor Citation for Staff Sergeant John C. Sjogren.

1-14

Sergeant Ola Mize at 'Outpost Harry', excerpted from the Medal of Honor Citation for Sergeant Ola L. Mize.

1-15

SFC Eugene Ashley at Lang Vei, excerpted from the Medal of Honor Citation for SFC Eugene Ashley, Jr.

1-16

Story of SMA Wooldridge, in CSM Dan Elder, "Office of the Sergeant Major of the Army," NCO Journal Online, Fall, 2001.

1-18

MSG Gordon and SFC Shughart at Mogadishu, excerpted from Medal of Honor Citations for MSG Gary I. Gordon and SFC Randall D. Shughart.

1-20

SGT Christine Roberts in Kosovo, from LTG James B. Peake, "Army Medics Ready for Conflict." US Medicine, January 2002, 39.

1-21

"Large units are likely." FM 3-0, Operations, June 2001 (hereafter cited as FM 3-0), 1-17.

1-22

Quotation of SMA Jack L. Tilley, Twelfth Sergeant Major of the Army, in SSG Donald Sparks, "Interview: A Talk With Sergeant Major of the Army Jack Tilley," NCO Journal, Winter 2001, 15.

1-22

Quotation of GEN John N. Abrams in SPC Michael Scott, "Force Protection Key to Army XXI Plan," Army News Service, June 23, 1998.

1-23

Quotation from GEN John A. Wickham, Jr., Collected Works of the Thirtieth Chief of Staff of the United States Army, (Washington, DC: US Army Center for Military History, 1996), 23.

1-23

Quotation of GEN Bruce Clarke, DA PAM 600-65, "Leadership Statements and Quotes," 1985, 5.

1-24

Quotation of GA Omar N. Bradley, in Military Review, May 1948, 62.

1-24

Quotation of LTG Thomas J. Jackson, in Robert Debs Heinl, Dictionary of Military and Naval Quotations (Annapolis, MD: US Naval Institute Press, 1988), 151.

1-24

Quotation from GEN J. Lawton Collins, Lightning Joe: An Autobiography, (Baton Rouge, LA: Louisiana State University Press, 1979), 444.

1-25

Quotation from SMA William Connelly, Sixth Sergeant Major of the Army, "NCOs: Its Time to Get Tough," ARMY Magazine (October 1981), 31.

1-25

1-58. ".compels the soldier to fight through." Proposed definition of the warrior ethos, "The Army Training and Leader Development Panel (NCO), Final Report," 2 April 2002, para 76 (hereafter cited as ATLDP NCO Report).

1-25

Corporal Rodolfo Hernandez on Hill 420, excerpt from the Medal of Honor Citation for CPL Rodolfo P. Hernandez.

1-26

"Noncommissioned officers, properly." Report of the Secretary of War, 1888, 142.

1-26

Figure 1-1. Structured Self-development Program Briefing, 14 Dec 01.

1-27

Quotation of Col. Kenneth Simpson and CSM Oren Bevins, Commandant and CSM, USASMA, Oct 1989.

1-28

Quotation of MSG Henry Caro, Excellence in Leadership Awardee, SMC Class No. 2, 1974.

1-29

"You must learn more." The Noncom's Guide, (Harrisburg, PA: Stackpole Books, 1948), 16. This was the predecessor to The NCO Guide, 7^th Edition, by the same publisher.

1-29

CSM George D. Mock and SFC John K. D'Amato, "Building the Force: 'Skill, Will and Teamwork.'" NCO Journal, Summer 1991, 18.

Chapter 2 - Duties, Responsibilities and Authority of the NCO

2-3

2-4. TC 22-6, The Army Noncommissioned Officer Guide, November 1990 (hereafter cited as TC 22-6), 5.

2-4

2-6. FM 22-600-20, The Army Noncommissioned Officer Guide, March 1980 (hereafter cited as FM 22-600-20, 1980), 24.

2-4

Quotation from Drill Sergeant Karl Baccene, "It's Tough to Be the First Domino," ARMY, FEB 1971, 41.

2-5

Quotation from SMA Leon L. Van Autreve, Fourth Sergeant Major of the Army, in "The Army's SMAs from the Beginning to the Present." NCO Journal, Summer 1994, pp. 10-11.

2-5

2-9. FM 6-22 (FM 22-100), Leadership, August 1999 (hereafter cited as FM 6-22), 2-23.

2-5

2-11, 2-12. DA Pamphlet 600-25, "NCO Development Program," April 1987 (hereafter cited as DA PAM 600-25, 1987), 12.

2-6

"Rank is a badge." DA Pam 360-1, "Know Your Army," 1957 (hereafter cited as DA PAM 360-1, 1957), 6.

2-7

Quotation from SMA Richard A. Kidd, Ninth Sergeant Major of the Army, in "The Army's SMAs from the Beginning to the Present," NCO Journal, Summer 1994, 13.

2-7

2-22. AR 600-100, "Army Leadership," 17 September 1993, 1.

2-7

Quotation from SMA Glen E. Morrell, Seventh Sergeant Major of the Army, "What Soldiering is All About," ARMY, Oct 1986, 41.

2-7

2-23. AR 600-20, "Army Command Policy," 13 May 2002 (hereafter cited as AR 600-20), 12.

2-8

"As a leader." FM 22-100, Army Leadership (1983) (hereafter cited as FM 22-100, 1983), 89.

2-8

2-26. AR 600-20, 16.

2-8

Quotation of CSM Clifford R. West, CSM, US Army Sergeants Major Academy, 10 June 2002.

2-9

2-30. MCM, 2002, II-18.

2-11

2-34. FM 22-5, Drill and Ceremonies, December 1986, 7-15.

2-11

2-34. AR 1-201, "Army Inspection Policy," 17 May 1993, pp. 2-3.

2-13

"Correct errors in the use." FM 22-10, Leadership (1951), 28.

2-16

2-46. FM 22-600-20, The Army Noncommissioned Officer Guide, November 1986 (hereafter cited as FM 22-600-20, 1986), 46.

2-16

2-47. FM 22-600-20, 1980, 44.

2-17

2-52. AR 600-20, 12.

2-17

2-53. FM 22-600-20, 1980, pp. 17-18.

2-18

2-54. FM 22-600-20, 1986, 23.

2-18

2-55. AR 600-20, 12.

2-19

Quotation of CSM J. F. La Voie, in Ernest F. Fisher, Jr., Guardians of the Republic (New York, NY: Ballantine Books, 1994), 395.

2-19

2-59. DA PAM 600-25, 1987, 12.

2-21

2-62, 2-65. DA PAM 600-25, 1987, 13.

2-22

Quotation from SMA Jack L. Tilley, Twelfth Sergeant Major of the Army, "Thoughts and Concerns," Sergeant Major of the Army Website, http://www.army.mil/leaders/SMA/thoughts.htm.

2-22

2-69. DA PAM 600-25, 1987, 23.

2-23

2-70. FM 22-600-20, 1986, 3.

Chapter 3 - Leadership

3-2

Figure 3-1. FM 6-22, 1-3.

3-2

"Leadership is influencing." FM 6-22, 1-4.

3-3

Quotation from SMA Robert E. Hall, Eleventh Sergeant Major of the Army, in "Keep the faith.." The NCO Journal, Winter 97-98, 12.

3-3

Quotation of GA Omar N. Bradley, quoted by SMA Glen E. Morrell, Seventh Sergeant Major of the Army, "NCOs Are the 'Vital Link in the Chain of Command.'" ARMY, Oct 1985, 65.

3-4

Quotation from MSG Frank K. Nicolas, "Noncommissioned Officer," Infantry, JAN 1958, 70.

3-4

Quotation from ADM James Stockdale, in address to the Graduating Class of 1979 at The Citadel, Charleston, SC; DA PAM 600-65, "Leadership Statements and Quotes," Nov 1985, 28.

3-5

Quotation from GEN John N. Abrams, "Developing Soldiers Now and into the Future" AUSA Green Book 2001-2002, 85.

3-5

3-9. FM 6-22, 1-6.

3-5

Quotation from GEN Matthew B. Ridgway, "Leadership," in Military Leadership: In Pursuit of Excellence, edited by Robert L. Taylor and William E. Rosenbach (Boulder, CO: Westview Press, Inc., 1984), 27.

3-6

Quotation from GEN Eric K. Shinseki, Chief of Staff of the Army, in an address to 25th Annual George C. Marshall ROTC Awards Seminar, Lee Chapel, Washington & Lee University, 19 April 2002.

3-6

3-14. FM 6-22, 4-13.

3-7

Quotation from LTG Harold G. Moore, US Army (retired), "Battlefield Leadership," www.lzxray.com/battle.htm.

3-7

3-17. FM 1, The Army, 14 June 2001 (hereafter cited as FM 1), 1-1.

3-7

3-18. FM 1, 3-1.

3-8

Quotation from CSM Mary E. Sutherland, interview, 16 Sep 02.

3-8

Quotation from MSG (Ret) Roy Benavidez, "MSG (Ret) Roy Benavidez: A Real American Hero." NCO Journal, Spring 1996, 11

3-10

3-24. FM 6-22, 1-7.

3-10

Quotation from CSM Clifford West, CSM, US Army Sergeants Major Academy, 10 June 2002.

3-11

3-26. Proposed definition of mentoring, ATLDP NCO Report, para 110.

3-11

Quotation from CSM Anthony Williams, in Phil Tegtmeier, "Staying Power," The NCO Journal, Winter 2002, 15.

3-11

3-28. FM 6-22, 5-16.

3-12

3-31. FM 6-22, 5-19.

3-12

Quotation of SMA George W. Dunaway, Second Sergeant Major of the Army, Center of Military History Interview, 1990, 60.

3-12

3-32. FM 6-22, 5-20.

3-13

Figure 3-2. FM 6-22, 5-21.

3-14

NCO Recognition. TRADOC Regulation 600-14, "Sergeant Audie Murphy Club (SAMC) Program," 1 February 1999, 12.

3-14

3-33. FM 1, 3-1.

3-14

Quotation of LTG McNair by GEN Eisenhower, DA PAM 600-65, 7.

3-14

"The discipline on which." The Old Sergeant's Conferences, 1930, 64.

3-15

"Men like to serve." TGGS Special Text No. 1, Leadership for the Company Officer, (1949), 144.

3-15

3-36. AR 600-20, 15.

3-15

C Company, 3-504^th PIR at Renacer Prison, Center for Army Lessons Learned, Combat Training Center Bulletin, September 1990, 4-1.

3-16

Quotation from GEN George S. Patton, Sr., "3^rd US Army Letter of Instruction No. 2," 3 April 1944.

3-16

The Deployment, Center for Army Lessons Learned, Newsletter, Sep 1993, 2.

3-17

3-42. FM 6-22, 3-18.

3-17

Quotation from LTG William M. Steele, "Training and Developing Army Leaders," Military Review, July-August 2001.

3-17

3-43. FM 6-22, 1-9.

3-18

Quotation from SMA Julius Gates, Eighth Sergeant Major of the Army, "NCOs: Maintain the Momentum." Field Artillery, Dec 1987, 46.

Chapter 4 - Training

4-1

"Noncommissioned officers train soldiers." FM 25-101, Battle Focused Training, Sep 1990 (hereafter cited as FM 25-101), 3-1.

4-3

Quotation from CSM A. Frank Lever, III, interview, 30 Sep 02.

4-4

Quotation from SGT Michael Davis, "Sergeants on Training." Sergeants' Business, Jul-Aug 1988, 13.

4-6

Figure 4-1. FM 25-101, 3.

4-6

Corporal Sandy Jones in World War I, in Laurence Stallings, The Doughboys: The Story of the AEF (New York, NY: Harper & Row, 1963), 318.

4-7

Quotation from CSM Bobby Butler, "Iron Time Training." Army Trainer, Fall 1989, 9.

4-9

Quotation from SSG Ray H. Duncan, "The Value of Military Training." US Army Recruiting News, 1 March 1925, 12.

4-10

The 555^th Parachute Infantry - 'Triple Nickles,' in Bradley Biggs, The Triple Nickles, Archon Books, an imprint of The Shoe String Press, Inc. Hamden, Connecticut, 1986.

4-11

Quotation from SMA William O. Wooldridge, First Sergeant Major of the Army, "So You're Headed for Combat." Army Digest, Jan 1968, pp. 6-11.

4-11

Quotation of SFC Lydia Mead, The NCO Journal, Spring 1993, 6.

4-12

Quotation from MSG Jose R. Carmona, "Only a Trained Instructor Can Teach." ARMY, Jan 1968, 74.

4-12

Quotation of CSM Mary E. Sutherland, interview, 16 Sep 02.

4-13

"Carefully planned, purposeful and effective training." DA Pam 22-1, Leadership (1948), 33.

4-15

SSG Michael Duda in Desert Storm, in Center for Army Lessons Learned, "Vignette: Operation Desert Storm: Actions on Day G + 3," CALL Newsletter 92-4, October 1992.

4-16

Quotation from SSG Rico Johnston, "Battle Drills." Army Trainer, Fall 1981, 14.

4-17

4-47. AAR Steps from TC 25-20, A Leader's Guide to After-Action Reviews, 30 Sep 93, 4.

4-17

"AARs are one of the best." Center for Army Lessons Learned, NCO Lessons Learned, Oct 1989, 11.

4-18

4-51. Platoon Training Meeting Agenda from TC 25-30, A Leader's Guide to Company Training Meetings, 27 Apr 94, (hereafter cited as TC 25-30), 12.

Chapter 5 - Counseling and Mentorship

5-3

5-3. Requirement for counseling in AR 600-20, 6.

5-4

Quotation from CSM Anthony Williams, in Phil Tegtmeier, "Staying Power," The NCO Journal, Winter 2002, 15.

5-4

Figure 5-1. FM 6-22, C-2.

5-5

Quotation from CSM Daniel E. Wright, "Tips for Leaders." Field Artillery, Jun 1995, 3.

5-6

Quotation from COL David Reaney, Command, Leadership and Effective Staff Support, 1996, 159.

5-6

Figure 5-2. FM 6-22, C-17.

5-7

Quotation from SGM Randolph Hollinsworth, in The NCO Corps on Leadership, the Army and America: Quotes for Winners, 2^nd Ed. (Washington DC: The Information Management Support Center, January 1998), 18.

5-10

"[Helping] soldiers cope with." FM 22-600-20, 1980, pp. 33, 35.

5-11

"Performance counseling informs." DA Pam 623-205, "The NCO Evaluation Reporting System 'In Brief,'" 1988, 6.

5-12

5-28. AR 623-205, "Noncommissioned Officer Evaluation Reporting System," 15 May 2002, 3.

5-16

Quotation from CSM A. Frank Lever, III, interview, 30 Sep 02.

5-16

"To be an effective mentor." DA Pam 600-25, 18.

5-16

"One of the most important." CSM Larry W. Gammon, "The Mentor and Mentoring." Quartermaster Professional Bulletin, Spring 2001.

5-17

Figure 5-4. DA PAM 600-XX (Draft), "Army Mentorship," undated.

5-17

Quotation of CSM Cynthia A. Pritchett, in Patrick A. Swan, "'Knowledge Warriors' amass at Symposium." ArmyLink News, 4 April, 2002.

5-18

Figure 5-5. CSM Christine E. Seitzinger, "NCO Mentorship." The NCO Journal Online, Fall 1997.

5-18

Quotation from SMA William G. Bainbridge, Fifth Sergeant Major of the Army Top Sergeant: The Life and Times of Sergeant Major of the Army William G. Bainbridge, (New York, NY: Ballantine Books, 1995), 346.

5-19

Quotation from CSM Christine E. Seitzinger, "NCO Mentorship." The NCO Journal Online, Fall 1997.

Appendix A - Sergeant's Time Training

A-1

Quotation from GEN Eric K. Shinseki, in SSG Tami Lambert, "GEN Shinseki promoted to NCO," PAO, HQUSAREUR, US Army Europe News Release, October 2000.

Appendix B - Army Programs

B-2

Quotation from SMA Silas L. Copeland, Third Sergeant Major of the Army, "Let's Build a Better Army," Soldier, Jul 1971, 5.

B-6

Quotation from MSG Douglas E. Freed, "Learning to Lead," Army Trainer, Fall 1987, 30.

Appendix C - Leader Book

C-1

C-4. Organization of the leader book from TC 25-30, B-3.

Appendix F - NCO Induction Ceremony

F-1

F-1. The ceremony outline shown here developed by CSM Dan Elder by melding many Army units' versions, http://www.squad-leader.com.

F-1

Quotation form SMA William G. Bainbridge, Fifth Sergeant Major of the Army, "First and Getting Firster," Army, Oct 1975, 24.

F-4

Quotation from CSM Joshua Perry, "Regimental Command Sergeant Major," Military Police, Dec 1990, 5.

F-5

History of the NCO Creed from CSM Dan Elder and CSM Felix Sanchez, "The History of the NCO Creed," NCO Journal, Summer 1998.