CHAPTER 4
Joint, Multinational, and Interagency Engineer Organizations and Capabilities
PERSPECTIVE:
The ground assault plan into Iraq by the 7th US Corps units called for the 1st United Kingdom (UK) Armored Division to follow and pass through the 1st US Infantry Division's (mechanized) breach of initial Iraqi defenses during the night. This operation equated to a deliberate river-crossing operation and its planning requirements.
As plans were developed to pass the British forces through the 1st Infantry Division, a crossing force HQ was formed that included the 176th US Engineer Group, British liaison officers (LOs), and the 1st US Infantry Division's assistant division commander for maneuver (ADC-M) as the crossing force's commander. Most planning and coordination was done face to face or through the British LOs, due to the incompatibility of communications equipment between the US and British forces.
The crossing force HQ orchestrated several terrain walks and drive-through rehearsals with the 1st UK Division. This series of rehearsals began with sand-table exercises with key British leaders. Scaled-down obstacle mock-ups were used showing lanes, marking signs, and traffic-control points. Force-passage time lines were determined along with passage-control measures. Terrain walks with the British leadership followed at a training obstacle site constructed for the 1st Infantry Division (mechanized). The site was about 10 kilometers deep, contained eight breach lanes, and represented the worst-case obstacle that could be found in Iraq. All British vehicle drivers, riding in 25 percent of the British vehicle fleet, participated in a drive-through rehearsal at the training obstacle site. This drive through was conducted in daylight; all lane-marking signs were in place, and traffic-control points were manned. The 1st UK Division commander was impressed with the results and ordered a full division rehearsal through the training obstacle site with all combat and support forces. This rehearsal took 36 hours to complete, including a nighttime crossing. One British brigade got lost during the rehearsal, missing the breach location. Some soldiers were killed in accidents during the crossing. The British leadership believed that this was a very serious operation and took all of this into account as wartime preparation. Following the 1st UK Armored Division rehearsal, after-action reviews were held with the crossing force HQ, refining the procedures for the actual passage.
OVERVIEW
During all force-projection operations, the Army engineer ensures that adequate Army communications, logistics, topographic, and LO support are provided for supporting the joint, multinational, and interagency engineers. Periodic meetings assist in blending these engineers towards accomplishing the numerous engineer missions required during force-projection operations.
US AIR FORCE (USAF) ENGINEER SUPPORT
- To fight battles of great scope, range, and intensity.
- To counter large modern forces, as well as light forces, insurgents, and sophisticated terrorist groups, wherever and whenever they threaten US interests. To meet this wide range of threats, the worldwide air-base network used by its forces must be capable of supporting the projection of air power.
Combat air operations depend on adequately developed and supported bases. Bases must have adequate facilities and civil-engineering resources to launch and recover mission aircraft, support high sortie generation rates, provide essential CS functions, and assist in defending against an enemy attack.
CIVIL-ENGINEERING MISSION
- Repairing war damage (includes rapid runway repair [RRR], facility repair, and utility repair) on an emergency basis.
- Bed down of Air Force units and weapons systems.
- Operating and maintaining Air Force facilities and installations.
- Crash rescue and fire suppression.
- Construction management.
- Supplying materiel and equipment to perform its engineering mission. To accomplish these missions, Air Force engineers are organized into three basic types of units, with complimentary wartime missions: rapid, engineer-deployable, heavy, operational repair squadron (RED HORSE) engineer units, Prime base engineer emergency force (BEEF) units, and Prime readiness in base support (RIBS) units. An engineering and services (E&S) force module combines Prime BEEF and Prime RIBS capabilities to support a flying squadron.
RED HORSE PROGRAM
RED HORSE units are packaged to be available early in the time-phased deployment data flow and dedicated to up-front engineer missions. They are assigned to employment locations that are critical to the success of the air war. Dividing responsibilities between Air Force engineering assets (RED HORSE, Prime BEEF, Prime RIBS) is not attempted. RED HORSE units could perform all the engineering missions of the civil-engineering units except for crash rescue and major fire suppression. If Prime BEEF forces are employed at a location, that does not exclude employing the RED HORSE units.
Civil-engineering RED HORSE units are wartime structured to provide a heavier engineering capability than the civil-engineering base Prime BEEF and Prime RIBS units. RED HORSE units¯
- Have a regional responsibility.
- Are not tied to a specific weapons system.
- Are not responsible for base operations and maintenance.
- Are mobile, rapidly deployable, and largely self-sufficient for limited periods of time.
- Perform the wartime tasks of major force bed down, heavy damage repair, bare-base development, and heavy engineering operations. RED HORSE units are theater Air Force assets with a regional responsibility; they report through theater or regional command channels. C2 RED HORSE units remain within numbered Air Force channels, or at a higher level, if a numbered Air Force is not present (that is, not under the Air Force forces (AFFOR) commander of a JTF). A joint-contingency, wartime, construction-management organization can also task RED HORSE units through the numbered Air Force for construction support. If two or more RED HORSE units are in a region, they and an Air Force civil-engineering group will be formed, with the numbered Air Force staff engineer serving as the group commander.
- Airfield lighting.
- Concrete operations.
- Explosive-demolition operations.
- Aircraft-arresting systems.
- Materiel testing.
- Quarry operations.
- RRR.
- Revetment construction.
- Water-well drilling.
- Mobile facility-asset siting, erection, and installation.
- Fuel systems.
- Facility hardening.
- Expedient pavement expansion.
- Utility system repair.
- Force bed down.
- Heavy earthwork.
- Road construction.
- Power generation.
- Restoring chemically protected facilities.
- Engineering design.
- Base-denial operations using fire, explosives, component removal, equipment sabotage, and mechanical destruction.
- Disaster relief and preparedness.
- Defensive operations.
- C2 over full-squadron deployment to one location, full-squadron deployment with phased arrival to one location, squadron deployment to multiple locations (split-unit), in-transit operations during deployment, and work party and convoy operations. RED HORSE units accomplish major airfield construction-and-repair work in forward locations, requiring an organic logistics capability to include vehicle maintenance, food service, supplies, and logistics plans. A 60-day war readiness spares kit (WRSK) keeps these units operational until normal supply channels open up.
Strategic heavy lift vehicles, heavy equipment, and RRR sets capable of supporting full RED HORSE units are pre-positioned in projected TOs to eliminate delays in receiving. Besides theater pre-positioned sets, RED HORSE units maintain home mobility sets of the similar equipment that are easily deployed and maintained. RED HORSE units form three deployable RED HORSE (RH) echelons, with vehicle and equipment sets at strategic locations. They are maintained in a ready-to-go condition.
The standard engineering capabilities that RED HORSE units provide include¯
RH-1
- Performs advanced airfield surveys, to include evaluating airfield pavements, water supplies, utility systems, and existing facilities.
- Prepares a bed-down plan for the orderly establishment of a base of operators at a force-projection location.
- Compiles facility and material requirements necessary to accomplish the force bed-down plan.
- Accomplishes the site layout for later RH-2 force bed down. Advance deployment of the RH-1 is critical to RED HORSE employment. This element, tied to the appropriate theater air-component commander, would deploy with the HQ and prepare to receive follow-on RED HORSE elements and the advance plans for project execution.
RH-2
- Performs land clearing, site stabilization, area drainage earthwork.
- Erects relocatable structures essential to force bed down at an undeveloped location.
- Performs RRR using organic equipment and repair materials (AM2 mat, crushed stone, and so forth) that are pre-positioned or supplied by the support HQ.
- Repairs bomb-damaged facilities and systems.
- Installs, expands, and repairs essential utility systems.
- Provides initial civil-engineering support to include drilling and developing water wells for deploying forces.
RH-3
- Accomplishes heavy repair of bomb-damaged facilities and utility systems.
- Erects temporary relocatable facility substitutes.
- Installs or expands essential utility systems, including airfield lighting, to support force bed down.
- Operates mineral-product plants (batch, crusher, block), if required and when plant equipment is supplied from contingency or host stocks.
- Performs explosive demolition operations, as required.
- Performs RRR using echelon organic equipment.
- Is able to repair two large and three small bomb craters in a 4-hour period.
PRIME BEEF PROGRAM
When flying squadrons go to war, organic Prime BEEF CS forces that can perform engineering wartime tasks necessary for sortie generation will deploy with the squadrons. Specific Prime BEEF CS units will be linked to specific flying units and will concentrate primarily on supporting aircraft weapons systems and combat operations. There are two basic Prime BEEF mobile force classifications: large-scale CS squadrons and small specialty CS teams. Prime BEEF CS units¯
- Have no organic heavy equipment; they only have tool boxes and small team kits (power tools and so forth).
- Require base-operating support.
- Deploy, usually, in 50- or 100-person team increments.
Large-Scale CS Squadrons
- Are active duty, Air National Guard (ANG), or Air Force Reserve.
- Can deploy on 22 to 28 hours notice to support aircraft operations at main operating bases (MOBs), collocated operating bases (COBs), standby bases (SBs), forward operating locations (FOLs), APODs, and bare bases (BBs).
- Can fully support AM2 matting, fiberglass matting, and concrete slab RRR methods.
- Can support a bed-down population of 2,200 to 2,500 personnel.
Small Specialty CS Teams
PRIME RIBS PROGRAM
- Provide initial food service, billeting, recreation programs, and mortuary-operations support for up to 1,200 people.
- Can support an independent or dependent combat aviation squadron of 16 to 24 fighter aircraft or a significant aviation deployment less than squadron size in a major deterrent force posture.
- Can support, when augmented, organizational field laundry operations, personnel fitness programs, and tactical field-exchange resale operations.
E&S FORCE MODULE
- 200 people from a Prime BEEF CS engineering force package.
- 48 people from a Prime BEEF CS fire-fighter force package.
- 34 people from a Prime RIBS CS force package.
ARMY-AIR FORCE ENGINEER CONSIDERATIONS
- Requesting the latest engineer intelligence data from deployed or deploying RED HORSE elements to assist in identifying force-projection theater Army engineer requirements and capabilities. (Requirements include soils data and the availability of construction materials and HN construction support.)
- Establishing engineer staff links between the AFFOR and Army forces (ARFOR) engineer staff sections through the JTF or theater engineer staff and HQ.
- Providing necessary Army engineer LO support.
- Developing the joint task-organization relationships that enhance RED HORSE and Prime BEEF capabilities, following deployment of Army engineer units.
- Assessing the need for RED HORSE airfield maintenance-and-repair support following arrival of Army construction units in theater.
- Determining if Prime BEEF units need augmentation from Army construction units, especially in the area of RRR.
US NAVY ENGINEER SUPPORT
Air-transportable, task-organized NCF units can deploy on 48 hours notice. Although extensive horizontal construction cannot be efficiently addressed with air-transportable equipment, priority construction projects can be initiated days before the maritime pre-positioning force (MPF) shipping arrives. Also, acquiring heavy engineer equipment by local contract can augment air-transported NCF assets in a secure environment. The NCF provides¯
- Responsive military advanced base-construction support, including operational, logistics, underwater, ship-to-shore, shore, and deep-ocean facilities construction, maintenance, and operation.
- Military construction support of the Marine air-ground task force (MAGTF) operations.
- Defensive and limited offensive operations against overt or clandestine enemy attacks directed towards unit personnel and convoys and camps and facilities that are under construction.
- Battle-damage repair operations.
- Amphibious assault and ship-to-shore construction-support operations.
- Disaster-control and -recovery operations.
- Civic-action employment.
NAVY BASE CONSTRUCTION
- Logistic terminal facilities.
- Coastal, inshore, and riverine warfare operating bases.
- Communications facilities.
- Ashore fleet air units.
- Other fleet support facilities in the immediate conflict area. Naval air units ashore, such as search and rescue, antisubmarine warfare, carrier onboard delivery, electronic countermeasures, coastal and riverine patrol, communication, and tactical squadrons, have significant construction implications. Naval offshore bases are required to support antisubmarine warfare, mine warfare, reconnaissance, communications, underway replenishment, and logistics support to forward-deployed Navy and Marine forces.
MARINE CORPS SUPPORT
The normal MAGTF/NCF associations established to support MAGTF operations are as follows:
- Marine expeditionary force (MEF) with a naval-construction regiment (NCR) within 30 days.
- Marine expeditionary brigade (MEB) with a naval mobile-construction battalion (NMCB) within 6 days.
- Marine expeditionary unit (MEU) with a NMCB detachment (air detachment [AIR DET]), civic-action teams, other details and detachments as directed by the fleet CINC) within 48 hours. These are general guidelines; the actual NCF organizational relationship with the MAGTF is METT-T dependent.
- Constructing ammunition supply points and expeditionary bulk-liquid storage facilities.
- Repairing battle damage, to include RRR; expeditionary shelters for operations; and communications, maintenance, warehousing, and personnel support structures.
- Erecting CZ hospitals.
- Improving or constructing ports.
- Installing security fencing.
- Drilling wells.
- Expanding and upgrading unimproved roadway systems.
- Developing aviation support facilities and other forward operating bases to support employing Marine aviation through extensive use of expeditionary airfield matting, pre-engineered and expeditionary shelters, and other semipermanent and permanent construction support.
- Hardening POL and ammunition storage facilities against natural and enemy threats.
- Installing permanent (nonstandard) bridges in relief of tactical, fixed-panel bridging assets. In executing assigned projects, NCF units maintain a significant self-defense capability for their construction sites and can be employed as part of a perimeter defense force. All Seabee units are equipped with small arms. The larger units (NMCBs) have organic, indirect-fire weapons systems (60-millimeter [mm] mortars). Their weapons are identical to those in the USMC inventory. A Marine advisor is resident to the NMCB staff, and NMCB personnel receive semiannual training on military skills and tactics.
The MAGTF's general-engineering requirements will normally determine the scope of NCF employment during any operation. NCF units focus on general-engineering tasks and are limited by training and equipment in combat and CS capabilities. Before assigning a mission to an NCF unit, a thorough analysis should be conducted to determine if all aspects of the assignment fall within the capabilities of the NCF organization. NCF units should receive specific tasks or types of tasks on an area- or general-support basis.
The NCF is a construction organization. It has organic defensive capabilities but does not possess the offensive combat capability of Marine Corps engineer units. The following construction capabilities that NCF units provide to the MAGTF are extensive:
AMPHIBIOUS OPERATIONS
MPF SUPPORT
Beaches
- Upgrading beach egress and road networks to staging and marshaling areas and other inland destinations.
- Constructing expedient survivability structures (earthen berms) for bulk liquids and Class V ammunition storage.
Ports
Arrival Airfield
- Analyzing soil and construction materials, to include evaluating the load-bearing capability of select fill material.
- Constructing and upgrading airfields to ensure the capability for tactical or strategic lift aircraft (C-130, C-141, B-747, C-17, C-5).
- Increasing aircraft staging areas (maximum on ground [MOG]) to ensure that they are sufficient for tactical and strategic aircraft requirements.
- Upgrading roadway systems.
- Constructing expedient survivability structures (earthen berms, revetments) for aircraft, bulk liquids, and Class V ammunition storage.
- Hardening existing facilities.
- Arresting gear site preparation/installation.
- Constructing and improving airfield utilities.
Railheads
NAVY BASE MAINTENANCE
DISASTER RELIEF
CIVIC ACTION
NAVAL-CONSTRUCTION FORCES
Naval-Construction
Battalion Commanders
- Leadership and discipline.
- Administration.
- Force-projection planning.
- Readiness.
- Military and technical training.
- Unit employment, deployment, and scheduling.
- Doctrine, tactics, and procedures.
- Equipment management.
- Logistics support.
Naval-Construction Brigade (NCB)
Naval-Construction Regiment
- May be OPCON to a MEF.
- Develops construction execution plans.
- Assigns construction projects to its units.
- Monitors progress.
- Performs quality control.
- Directs redistribution of units, equipment, and materials.
- Reviews plans and operations reports.
- Maintains greater planning, estimating, and engineering capabilities than the battalions.
Naval-Construction-Force Support Unit (NCFSU)
- Controls requisitioning, expediting, receiving, issuing, and delivering construction (Class IV) materials.
- Provides maintenance support for NCF auxiliary construction and transportation equipment.
- Overhauls and does specialized repair of equipment components.
- Provides the operation and maintenance capabilities for rock crushers, asphalt and concrete plants, large paving machines, and long-haul transportation, when required.
Naval Mobile-Construction Battalion
- Provides responsive military construction support to Navy, Marine Corps, and other military forces.
- Conducts battle-damage repair operations (including RRR) and defensive operations and constructs base facilities, as required by METT-T.
- Conducts disaster-relief operations and civic-action projects as required.
- Constructs, repairs, improves, and maintains LOC, to include bridges, road, and rail systems.
- Constructs, repairs, improves, and maintains fixed-wing and rotary-wing airfields, landing sites, airdrop sites, and airfield support structures/facilities.
- Upgrades, repairs, and replaces POL and bulk-liquid systems.
- Constructs ammunition supply points, water-storage and -distribution facilities, cantonments, defensive structures, throughput systems (air, rail, road, and water terminals), and other support facilities.
- Can function as an integral unit of the NCR, or operate independently.
- Provides specialized, task-organized detachments up to one-half its organizational size to address specific support requirements.
- Can deploy, initially 85 percent of each NMCB, as an air echelon via aircraft (about 87 C-141 equivalents), with the remaining 15 percent following via surface transportation.
NMCB Air Detachment
NMCB Civic-Action Team (Seabee Team)
Amphibious-Construction Battalion (PHIBCB)
Construction-Battalion Maintenance Unit (CBMU)
- Designating public works responsibilities at a Navy base, Marine base, or other installations.
- Maintaining, repairing, and constructing, on a limited basis, structures and grounds, such as waterfront facilities, runways, taxiways, parking aprons, and helicopter pads (including matting surfaces).
- Operating and maintaining the base utilities systems except for expeditionary systems such as the Amphibious Assault Fuel System (AAFS) and Tactical Airfield Fuel Distribution System (TAFDS) and water-supply support-system equipment.
- Performing engineering services for the base, as requested.
Underwater-Construction Team (UCT)
Construction Battalion Unit (CBU)
ARMY-NAVY ENGINEER CONSIDERATIONS
- Requesting the latest engineer intelligence data from deployed or deploying NMCB AIR DET elements to assist in identifying force-projection theater Army engineer requirements and enemy engineer capabilities. (Requirements include soils data, availability of construction materials, and HN construction support.)
- Establishing engineer staff links between the Navy forces (NAVFOR) and ARFOR engineer staff sections through the JTF or theater engineer staff and HQ.
- Providing necessary Army engineer LO support.
- Developing the joint task-organization relationships that enhance NCR capabilities following the deployment of Army corps engineer units.
- Assessing the need for NMCB support following the arrival of Army construction units in theater.
- Determining if NMCB units need augmentation from Army construction units.
- Developing procedures for Army engineer units to acquire additional Class IV construction materials from NCFSUs.
US MARINE CORPS ENGINEER SUPPORT
MARINE AIR-GROUND TF
Command Element
- Commander.
- General or executive and special staff sections.
- HQ section.
- Requisite command, control, and coordination section for effective planning and execution of operations by the other three elements of the MAGTF.
Aviation-Combat Element
Ground-Combat Element
Combat-Service-Support Element
- Supply.
- Maintenance.
- Transportation.
- Deliberate engineering.
- Health.
- Postal.
- Disbursing.
- EPW.
- Automated information systems.
- Exchange.
- Utilities.
- Legal.
- Mortuary. The CSSE varies in size from a MEU service-support group (MSSG) to a FSSG. Normally, there is only one CSSE in the MAGTF.
MARINE EXPEDITIONARY FORCE
MARINE EXPEDITIONARY BRIGADE
MARINE EXPEDITIONARY UNIT
MARINE COMBAT-ENGINEER BATTALION (CEB)
- Provides personnel, equipment, and appropriate task units to the CECs in support of operational requirements.
- Provides minimum potable water for the Marine division and electrical power for designated elements of the Marine division.
- Is organized into a company HQ section, an equipment platoon, a motor transport platoon, and a utilities platoon. The Marine engineer forces are currently undergoing some organizational changes. The CEB will lose its support company and one CEC to the ESB in the FSSG.
MARINE ENGINEER-OPERATIONS DIVISION
- Engineer reconnaissance and survey.
- Repair, improvement, and maintenance of existing road nets.
- Construction and maintenance of expedient roads and drainage systems.
- Construction and maintenance of vertical takeoff and landing (VTOL) facilities.
- Construction and maintenance of mission-essential base-camp requirements.
- Technical and equipment assistance for erecting shelters.
- Utilities support, to include essential mobile electric-power, water, and hygiene support.
- Equipment and personnel required for RRR.
- Material handling equipment (including 16 cranes and 31 forklifts) to support base operations.
- Limited mine-detection capability and combat-engineering services. The engineer-operations division is task-organized into seven separate branches: draft/survey, heavy equipment/material handling, utilities, electrical, reference, water-support hygiene, and construction.
MARINE ENGINEER-SUPPORT BATTALION (ESB)
- Conducting engineer reconnaissance.
- Constructing, improving, and maintaining airfields, encampments, and other support facilities.
- Conducting mobility enhancement operations, to include constructing, improving, and maintaining LOC and MSRs.
- Providing Class III bulk-fuel support, to include receiving, storing, and distributing bulk-fuel products.
- Providing utilities support, to include mobile electric power beyond the supported units' capabilities and electrical power distribution within camps and support areas.
- Providing water purification and Class I (water) bulk storage and distribution.
- Providing survivability enhancements, to include constructing protective structures.
- Installing and/or supervising installing standard and nonstandard fixed panel and floating bridging, which includes planning and controlling bridging operations.
- Providing bath and laundry services.
- Providing EOD support.
- Constructing field-expedient deception devices.
- Conducting countermobility operations by installing obstacles, which includes minefields and nonexplosive obstacles.
- Conducting mobility operations, to include breaching, reducing, and removing explosive or nonexplosive obstacles.
- Providing specialized demolition operations. The ESB is structured into seven separate companies to facilitate task organization:
- An H&S company provides C2, administration, and command support functions for the rest of the battalion. It also provides extensive EOD support to the MEF with a separate EOD platoon.
- A bridge company provides technical assistance/supervision for constructing fixed-panel and floating-bridge equipment. Organic equipment includes nine bridge-erection boats, three M4T6 sets, six floating foot bridges, and six MGB sets.
- An ESC provides DS maintenance support for specified equipment organic to the battalion, DS transportation and services support to the battalion, and GS or reinforcing augmentation, as required, to the engineer companies of the battalion. This is a large company organized into five separate platoons: utilities, maintenance, motor transport, engineer equipment, and water supply.
- A bulk-fuel company provides general Class III supply support to the MEF.
- Three engineer companies provide general-engineering support of a deliberate nature to the MEF. It is organized into a HQ section, an equipment platoon, and two engineer platoons.
ARMY-MARINE CORPS ENGINEER CONSIDERATIONS
- Requesting the latest engineer intelligence data from deployed or deploying Marine CEB and ESB elements to assist in identifying force-projection theater Army engineer requirements and enemy engineer capabilities. (Requirements include threat mine and obstacle data, soils data, availability of construction materials, and HN construction support.)
- Establishing engineer staff links between the MAGTF, MARFOR, and ARFOR engineer staff sections through the JTF or theater engineer staff and HQ.
- Providing necessary Army engineer LO support.
- Developing the joint task-organization relationships that enhance Marine engineer capabilities following the deployment of Army corps engineer units.
- Assessing the need for CEB and ESB support following the arrival of Army combat and construction units in theater.
- Determining if ESB units need augmentation from Army combat and construction units.
- Developing procedures for Army engineer units to be able to acquire additional Class IV construction materials from ESBs.
MULTINATIONAL ENGINEERS
MULTINATIONAL ENGINEER CAPABILITIES
MULTINATIONAL ENGINEER C2
MULTINATIONAL ENGINEER CONSIDERATIONS
- Requesting the latest intelligence information concerning the HN, allied, and coalition engineers' structures and logistics requirements.
- Requesting the latest engineer intelligence data from the HN or deploying allied and coalition engineer elements to help identify force-projection theater Army engineer requirements and enemy engineer capabilities. (Requirements include threat mine and obstacle data, soils data, construction materials availability, and HN construction support.)
- Establishing multinational engineer staff links between the Army, HN, allied, and coalition engineer-force staff sections through the JTF or theater engineer staff and HQ.
- Providing necessary Army engineer LO support.
- Developing the multinational task-organization relationships that enhance HN, allied, and coalition engineer capabilities following the deployment of Army engineers.
- Assessing the need for HN, allied, and coalition engineer support following the arrival of Army combat and construction units in theater.
- Determining if multinational engineer units need augmentation from Army combat and construction units.
- Developing procedures for Army engineer units to be able to support multinational engineers with additional Class IV construction materials and engineer equipment.
CONTRACTED CIVILIAN ENGINEERS
CONTRACT CONSTRUCTION AGENTS
- The USACE is responsible for Northeast and Central Asia, Central and Northern Europe, North and South America, the Middle East, and Northeast Africa.
- The NAVFAC is responsible for the Iberian Peninsula, the South Pacific, the Caribbean, Antarctica, Southeast Asia, and the Mediterranean Basin.
- The AFRCE is responsible for the UK.
- The NAVFAC is responsible for the Horn of Africa. CCAs will establish contract-management offices in support of force-projection operations. The office may be placed in support of the senior theater engineer HQ in theater or may operate independently. CCAs will be deployed as early as possible to initiate necessary contracting operations.
LOGISTICAL CIVIL AUGMENTATION PROGRAM (LOGCAP)
- Facilities operations, maintenance, repair, and construction.
- Nonfacility logistics services.
- Contractor planning expertise to assist contingency planners. LOGCAP is especially suited to support reception, onward movement, and sustainment facilities. LOGCAP can augment engineer units by operating Class IV supply yards, supplying construction equipment, providing facility engineer support, and supporting theater construction.
CONTRACTED CIVILIAN-ENGINEER CONSIDERATIONS
During force-projection operations, extensive contracted civilian-engineer capabilities will probably be available only after D+30 due to mobilization and deployment time lines. Civilian-engineer contracting may be available sooner when deliberately and properly planned for during permissive entry conditions. As Army engineers deploy into the theater, they may be joined by contracted civilian engineers. The Army engineer staff should consider the following when coordinating engineer plans and operations with contracted civilian engineers:
- Requesting the latest engineer intelligence data from any contractors working in the theater to help identify force-projection theater Army engineer requirements and enemy engineer capabilities. (Requirements include availability of real estate, construction materials, and facilities; data on threat mines and obstacles and soils; and construction support from the HN.)
- Establishing engineer staff links between the Army and contracted civilian-engineer staff through the JTF, USACE, or NAVFAC and the theater engineer staff and HQ.
- Providing necessary Army engineer LO support.
- Developing time lines that quickly phase in contracted civilian-engineer capabilities to relieve deployed Army engineer units of some responsibilities.
- Assessing the need for additional contracted civilian-engineer support following the arrival of Army combat and construction units in theater.
- Determining if contracted civilian engineers need augmentation from Army combat and construction units.
- Developing procedures for Army engineer units to draw on contracted Class IV construction materials and engineer equipment.
US GOVERNMENTAL AGENCIES, NGO, PVO, AND UN AGENCIES
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