L-1. Table L-1, gives MP leaders a quick look at the capabilities of the various vehicles in the Army inventory.

L-2. Table L-2 gives MP leaders a quick look at the capabilities of the weapons used by MP units.

L-3. The following descriptions and illustrations describe nonlethal equipment and munitions that are currently available.

L-4. The following nonlethal equipment provides bodily protection for soldiers involved in a nonlethal operation and allows soldiers to capture the threat with a minimum of force.

L-5. The riot face shield (Figure L-1) provides soldiers with improved facial protection from thrown objects. The face shield is lightweight, adaptable to the current helmet, transparent, and scratch-resistant. It is adjustable to up and down positions. The mechanism for attaching and removing the shield from the helmet is robust and simple and requires no tools in the field.

L-6. The ballistic riot face shield is similar in design, but it is heavier and provides facial protection up to a 9-millimeter full metal jacket (FMJ) or 124 grains at 1,400 feet per second. This face shield is primarily used by SRTs in force-entry scenarios and can also be used for MOUT operations.

L-7. The nonballistic riot body shield (Figure L-2) is 24 inches by 48 inches by .157 inches. It provides soldiers with improved protection from frontal, side, and overhead assaults. This shield is lightweight, transparent, and scratch-resistant. The ballistic riot body shield (Figure L-3) is 24 inches by 36 inches with a 4- by 16-inch window for viewing the threat. It is similar in design to the nonballistic shield but is heavier. It provides ballistic protection up to a 9-millimeter FMJ or 124 grains at 1,400 feet per second. This shield is primarily used by SRTs in forced-entry scenarios and can also be used for selected MOUT operations.

L-8. Nonballistic shin guards (Figure L-4) provide soldiers with improved protection from thrown objects. They are lightweight and black in color.

L-9. Ballistic shin guards are similar in design to nonballastic guards, but they are heavier and provide protection up to a 9-millimeter FMJ or 124 grains at 1,400 feet per second. They are primarily used by SRTs in forced-entry scenarios and can also be used in selected MOUT operations.

L-10. The standard 36-inch wooden riot baton (Figure L-5) is currently in use for riot control. It is used for self-defense and to keep rioters out of arm's reach of the soldiers conducting crowd control tactics.

L-11. The portable bullhorn (Figure L-6) is a critical communication device when conducting crowd control tactics. The bullhorn can facilitate communication with the crowd in conjunction with linguist or PSYOP support. It also assists in communicating commands to troops engaged in crowd control by projecting over the crowd's noise.

L-12. The individual voice-amplification system (Figure L-7) is a critical communication device for conducting crowd control tactics when using RCAs and wearing a protective mask. This device facilitates oral communications and increases the user's ability to be heard on radios and other devices.

L-13. These individual RCA dispersers (Figure L-8) are used primarily for self-defense and to keep rioters out of arm's reach of soldiers conducting crowd control tactics or engaged in missions were noncombatant threat exists.

L-14. This RCA disperser (Figure L-9) is primarily used by formations conducting crowd control tactics, law enforcement, and I/R operations. It is lightweight, can be operated by one person, and is easily refilled and pressurized with available maintenance equipment or 2- or 5-ton truck compressors. It is intended to provide a small unit with self-defense capabilities from large crowds out to 10 meters (more range is possible based on the wind) or offensively to clear crowds from critical areas (toward preplanned escape routes).

L-15. This RCA disperser (Figure L-10) is primarily used by formations conducting crowd control tactics. It is twice as heavy as a midsized disperser, carries a larger payload, and dispenses powdered CS or liquid CR. One individual can operate it, and it can be refilled and pressurized with available M4 compressors. It is intended to provide a small unit with self-defense capabilities from large crowds out to 15 meters (100 meters is possible based on wind speed and direction). Use the M33A1 offensively to clear crowds from critical areas.

L-16. Some training is required to operate the dispenser. The unit NBC NCO may conduct this training. The device requires up to 2,000 pounds per square inch of pressure to function properly, and it is maintained with an M254 maintenance kit.

L-17. Use this individual, handheld searchlight (Figure L-11) for illumination in crowd control operations during darkness. Use it for general illumination of the operational area; to pinpoint agitators or threat, to reduce the ability of rioters to see troop formations and actions, and to enhance tactical deception techniques for units conducting crowd control operations.

L-18. Lightweight disposable restraints (Figure L-12) are also known as flex cuffs. Individual soldiers can carry large quantities of these restraints to immobilize individuals being detained. When freeing a detainee, cut the restrains off him with the safe cutting device supplied with the restraints or with utility shears. A reusable, red restraint training device is available.

L-19. The shotgun munitions carrier (Figure L-13) is a 12-gauge ammunition carrier that straps to the stock of the M12 shotgun. It allows the firer to carry nonlethal ammunition that is readily available.

L-20. The PVAB (Figure L-14) is designed to assist with short-term physical security of critical facilities and for use at checkpoints. Use the PVAB to augment a vehicle checkpoint. It adds the ability to stop any light vehicle (up to 7,500 pounds) that attempts to flee without killing the occupants. This device may be set up by 2 or 3 soldiers in less than an hour.

L-21. When emplaced, the PVAB resembles a standard speed bump. When armed, the device operates within 1.5 seconds and deploys a high-tensile net that catches the vehicle and slows it to a stop with internal braking mechanisms. The net and other features prevent occupants from fleeing the vehicle. The PVAB is best suited for mobile, short-term vehicle checkpoints in areas under US control where there is a threat of terrorist-type activity and where the threat uses the cover of noncombatants to infiltrate US AOs.

L-22. The following munitions provide soldiers with a nonlethal way to break contact, enforce a buffer zone, or stun an individual.

L-23. The point target cartridge round (Figure L-15) stuns individuals by delivering a strong blow to the body without penetrating it. This munition allows soldiers to enforce a buffer zone (standoff distance) with a violent crowd, break contact, or stun an individual target for possible detention by snatch teams. Fire the round at the center mass of an adult subject at ranges of 10 to 30 meters. Beyond 30 meters, the projectile loses accuracy and may no longer have the velocity required to stun an individual. This round has applications in law enforcement, I/R facilities, and US military detention facilities.

L-24. The aerial diversionary-device round (Figure L-16) provides multishot nonlethal capability to distract individuals or crowds. In crowd control, it delivers a flash bang projectile over the heads of a violent or potentially violent crowd, and is used to distract the crowd (in combination with other distraction devices and troop maneuvers). It allows other troop formations to maneuver to positions that are more advantageous

L-25. The round is designed to be fired at ranges of 75 to 100 meters and is placed about 5 meters above the crowd.

L-26. The area target cartridge round (Figure L-17) provides the capability to stun or deter two or three threats by delivering a strong blow to the body without penetrating it. This round has a wide range of capabilities for tactical, law enforcement, I/R, and US military detention operations.

L-27. The round is designed to be fired at the center mass of an adult threat at ranges of 10 to 30 meters. Shots fired closer than 10 meters may cause serious injuries. The projectile loses accuracy when shot beyond 30 meters and may no longer be effective.

L-28. The 40-millimeter sponge round (Figure L-18) delivers a strong, stunning blow to a threat's body without penetrating it. This round has a wide range of capabilities for tactical, law enforcement, I/R, and US military detention operations.

L-29. The round is designed to be fired at the center mass of an adult threat at ranges of 10 to 50 meters.

L-30. The 40-millimeter crowd dispersal round (Figure L-19) delivers a strong, stunning blow to a threat's body without penetrating it. This round has a wide range of capabilities for tactical, law enforcement, I/R, and US military detention operations. In crowd control, it provides a nonlethal capability that can be used to break contact and enforce a buffer zone (standoff distance) with a violent crowd.

L-31. The round is designed to be fired at the center mass of an adult threat at ranges of 10 to 30 meters. The projectile loses accuracy when shot beyond 30 meters and may not stun or deter the threat.

L-32. The 40-millimeter carrying pouch is slung over the shoulder of a soldier. It provides the ability to carry nonlethal ammunition separate from lethal rounds.

L-33. The M84 (Figure L-20) is a hand-thrown, flash bang, stun device used primarily by SRTs in forced-entry scenarios. It is used for selected MOUT or crowd control operations.

L-34. The M84 is designed to be thrown into a room (through an open door, a standard glass window, or other opening). It delivers a loud bang and a brilliant flash that temporarily disorients and detracts the occupants. Because of its reusable metal body, do not throw it into a crowd, as it may be returned to friendly troops in the form of a projectile. Instead, throw it into a controlled area in conjunction with other deception and distraction techniques.

L-35. The LVOSS/M315 (Figure L-21) is a 66-millimeter smoke grenade-launching platform designed to give HMMWVs ASV M1117 the ability to obscure their position in the same manner as armored vehicles. These launchers can launch any of the smoke or nonlethal 66-millimeter munition.

L-36. The M315 turret-mounted, 66-millimeter, multipurpose, adjustable grenade launcher installation kit was developed to provide a vehicle-mounted nonlethal platform. The system is capable of delivering nonlethal payloads to support a variety of mission requirements and can be mounted on various vehicles (M1025, M1026, M966, M114, or ASV M1117) equipped with a machine gun or a TOW II missile system mount. The system electronically fires 66-millimeter cartridges from four adjustable firing tubes.

L-37. The LVOSS, 66-millimeter, nonlethal grenade (L96/97 XM98/99) is an area target munition that can be fired from the standard LVOSS/M315 launcher (Figure L-22) . It can be mounted on selected armament carrier HMMWVs and can be fired from any 66-millimeter, smoke-launching system found on most armored vehicles.

L-38. These rounds are designed to be fired from 80 to 100 meters. They deliver a flash bang diversionary warning (M98), a payload of rubber nonpenetrating projectiles (M99) (affecting a 10- to 20-meter circular area), or CS/cinnamic acid (CA) practice below the point of burst (L96A1/L97A1). These munitions lack the ability to be precision-delivered and are meant to affect a large number of people at long standoff ranges. This provides convoys and crowd control formations a long range support weapon to affect crowds beyond the range of shoulder-fired nonlethal weapons. Use the rounds to provide supporting nonlethal fires to crowd control formations.

L-39. The MCCM (Figure L-23) munition is similar in operation to a claymore mine, but it delivers nonlethal effects to the threat by delivering a strong, nonpenetrating blow to the body with multiple submunitions (600 rubber balls). This round has a wide range of capabilities for tactical, law enforcement, I/R, and US military detention operations. In crowd control, it provides a nonlethal counterpersonnel capability that can be used to break contact, enforce a buffer zone (standoff distance), or demonstrate a show of force.

L-40. This round is designed to be fired at the center mass of adult threats at ranges of 5 to 15 meters. It has a shot arc covering between 60 to 80 degrees (laterally).

L-41. SINCGARS is the primary communication system for MP. It is a series of 2-way FM radio sets that use an 18-element keypad for tuning 2,320 channels. This includes 8 preset channels in the single-channel mode and 6 preset channels in the jam-resistant, frequency-hopping mode. Table L-3 and Table L-4 provide the planning ranges for SINCGARS.

L-42. To increase the transmission range of SINCGARS, connect the OE-254 antenna group. It is an omnidirectional, biconical antenna designed for broadband operation, without field adjustment, from 30 to 88 megahertz, up to 350 watts. The following is the tabulated data transmission range of the OE-254:

• Between two OE-254 antenna groups-

  • Average terrain: 36 miles (57.9 kilometers).

  • Difficult terrain: 30 miles (48.3 kilometers).

• Between an OE-254 antenna group and a vehicular whip antenna-

  • Average terrain: 30 miles (48.3 kilometers).

  • Difficult terrain: 25 miles (40.3 kilometers).

L-43. In any tactical situation, it is important that MP be able to properly identify threat weapons, vehicles, and aircraft. MP report threat location, activity, and direction of travel to higher HQ by the fastest means available.

L-44. Tables L-5 through L-12, outline the most common features of threat weapons, equipment, and vehicles that MP may encounter in a hostile environment. Special operations forces and airborne assault, reconnaissance, and insurgent units often use these weapons.