Appendix A
Baseline BSM Tasks
A-1. Introduction
This appendix presents baseline BSM tasks for frequency requests and other related responsibilities. These tasks appear in tabular and functional-flow diagram form. The procedural steps listed in the following paragraphs are keyed by number to the associated diagram. These numbers indicate relative sequence only some procedures can be done concurrently.
A legend for the diagram symbology is shown below.
A rectangle identifies the specific office or the individual who accomplishes the associated procedural steps.
A circle indicates that the numbered procedural step is accomplished within the associated rectangle.
A small square indicates that the numbered procedural step either outputs to or receives input from another rectangle. Arrows indicate direction of flow.
The frequency request and MIJI diagrams are divided into two separate functional areas: the left side for spectrum management and the right side for operations. The functional areas are further subdivided into echelons EAC, corps, and division. These subdivisions would also apply where other echelons (for example, separate brigade) perform the same procedural steps as division.
A-2. Frequency Request for Tactical Low-Frequency Beacons
In Figure A-1, the division aviation officer develops requirements for tactical low-frequency beacons (LFBs) to support division helipads, forward area rearm/refuel points, pathfinder operations, and (in coordination with the air traffic control officer) tactical airfields.
The division aviation officer sends a request to the division BSM for frequencies and identifiers.
The division BSM checks the request for accuracy, completeness, and validity.
The division BSM sends the request to the corps BSM.
The corps BSM sends the request to the EAC BSM.
The EAC BSM coordinates the request.
The EAC BSM sends frequency and identifier assignments to the corps BSM.
The corps BSM sends the assignments to the division BSM.
The division BSM sends the assignments to the division aviation officer and to the division air traffic control officer.
The air traffic control officer notifies the division BSM and the division aviation officer when the tactical airfield beacon has been activated and checked.
The division aviation officer notifies the corps aviation officer.
The division BSM notifies the corps BSM.
The corps BSM notifies the EAC BSM.
The corps aviation officer notifies the EAC aviation officer.
The other assignments are activated and operated within the division area of operations on an as needed basis. In some cases, prior notification is required.
In addition to its assigned frequency, each beacon has its own unique identifier (normally three alphabetical characters) which it transmits in Morse code. The unique identifier distinguishes it from any other friendly beacon that may be operating in the area.
LFBs at fixed locations remain on the same frequencies and identifiers indefinitely. In a tactical training environment, each time the beacon is moved to a new location another frequency and identifier must be obtained from the local civil aviation authority. For LFBs, the US Army uses the AN/TRN-30 which operates in the 200 to 535 kHz and 1605 to 1750 kHz bands and can output 25 to 180 watts.
A-3. Frequency Request for Low-Power HF
In Figure A-2, subordinate elements submit HF frequency requests to the division G6 to support HF nets.
The division G6 consolidates HF requests.
The division G6 submits the request to the division BSM.
The division BSM sends the request to the corps BSM.
The corps BSM checks the corps frequency list to see if there are frequencies to fill the request.
If so, the corps BSM sends the assignment to the division BSM.
If not, the corps BSM sends the request to the EAC BSM.
The EAC BSM sends the assignment to the corps BSM.
The corps BSM sends the assignment to the division BSM.
The corps BSM notifies the corps EWO.
The division BSM sends the assignment to the division G6.
The division BSM notifies the division EWO.
HF applications within the combat zone normally use ground wave propagation and relatively low (500 watts or less) transmitter powers. Distances within the division will allow coverage by HF ground wave. Ground wave propagation charts for most areas of the world are available from the USAISEC. BSM personnel examine these charts with respect to HF net coverage and link distances. This information helps determine the frequencies range that provides proper coverage. Resources within this range may then be assigned to applicable nets. Vertically polarized or specially adapted horizontal antennas are used for ground wave applications.
High-power HF Defense Communications System (DCS) links are sometimes used in a battlefield environment, but requirement generation and frequency coordination are normally done at EAC. HF chirp sounders (AN/TRQ-35) are used to engineer ground wave and sky wave systems. This is normally done by the corps or EAC BSM staff. For more information on chirp sounder operations, see ACP 191.
A-4. Frequency Request for VHF-FM
In Figure A-3, the division G6 submits the request to the division BSM for VHF-FM frequencies to support the SOI.
The division BSM submits the request to the corps BSM.
The corps BSM sends the request to the EAC BSM.
The EAC BSM sends the assignment to the corps BSM.
The corps BSM notifies the corps EWO.
The corps BSM sends the assignment to the division BSM.
The division BSM notifies the division EWO.
The division BSM sends the assignment to the division G6.
The division G6 makes up the VHF-FM list and submits it to the SOI Detachment/NSA for the VHF-FM portion of the SOI.
VHF-FM spectrum resources support combat net radio operations and MSE. Since the direction and coordination of real-time combat operations requires that every battlefield element be equipped with combat net radios, this frequency band is quite crowded. Corps combat net radio net requirements exceed spectrum availability for dedicated frequencies to support every net. Frequencies are reused or shared many times in the corps area. This sharing scheme is a major consideration of the BSM staff, and it is used as the basis for estimating requirements.
The frequency range of VHF-FM combat net radio equipment is 30 to 88 MHz. It has output powers ranging up to 50 watts depending on the transmitter used.
A-5. Frequency Request for Platoon Early Warning Sensors
In Figure A-4, the division G6 determines the number of platoon early warning sensors (PEWS) based on TOE, TDA, or MTOE operational requirements.
The division G6 submits the request to the division BSM.
The division BSM sends the request to the corps BSM.
The corps BSM sends the request to the EAC BSM.
The EAC BSM sends the allotment to the corps BSM.
The corps BSM sends the allotment to the division BSM.
The division BSM sends the allotment to the division G6.
The division G6 sends the allotment to the maneuver battalions operating the PEWS.
PEWS are lightweight, battery-operated, portable intrusion detection devices. Small military units (patrols, squads, or platoons) use these devices. On detection, the device electronically classifies the intruder (personnel or vehicle) and communicates the detection and target type to a remote receiver display by a radio link. Several different sensor models are available. Each model operates on a fixed frequency in the 138 to 153 MHz range.
A-6. Frequency Request for VHF-AM
In Figure A-5, the division G6 submits the request to the division BSM for VHF-AM frequencies to support division aviation and air traffic control nets in the SOI.
The division BSM sends the request to the corps BSM.
The corps BSM sends the request to the EAC BSM.
The EAC BSM sends the assignment to the corps BSM.
The corps BSM notifies the corps EWO.
The corps BSM notifies the corps aviation officer.
The corps BSM sends the assignment to the division BSM.
The division BSM notifies the division EWO.
The division BSM notifies the division aviation officer.
The division BSM sends the assignment to the division G6.
The division G6 makes up the VHF-AM frequency list and submits it to the SOI Detachment/NSA for VHF-AM portion of the SOI.
The VHF-AM frequency band for military applications is 118 to 150 MHz. Small segments are allocated for exclusive military use in some countries, but most of this band is allocated to the aeronautical mobile R service. The R denotes route which implies that the band is used for communications with aircraft flying established air routes. Most governments consider R bands for communicating with civil aircraft. (Bands designated OR, for off-route, are generally limited to military use.) The R band frequency resources are normally controlled by the civil aviation authority in each country (FAA in the US).
Although Army air traffic control and aviation operations are usually conducted on VHF-FM or UHF-AM frequencies, a requirement exists for VHF-AM. Civil aircraft sometimes need to contact Army air traffic control facilities, and occasionally military aircraft are equipped with only VHF-AM radios. Additionally, VHF-AM provides a degree of redundance should VHF-FM or UHF-AM systems fail.
A-7. Frequency Request for UHF Air/Ground/Air Operations
In Figure A-6, the division G6 submits the request to division BSM for UHF frequencies to support division aviation and air traffic control nets in the SOI. These nets are listed on the net work sheets submitted by the aviation and air traffic control elements.
The division BSM sends the request to the corps BSM.
The corps BSM sends the request to the EAC BSM.
The EAC BSM sends the assignment to the corps BSM.
The corps BSM notifies the corps EWO.
The corps BSM notifies the corps aviation officer.
The corps BSM sends the assignments to the division BSM.
The division BSM notifies the division EWO.
The division BSM notifies the division aviation officer.
The division BSM sends the assignment to the division G6.
The division G6 makes up the UHF frequency list and submits it to the SOI Detachment/NSA for the UHF portion of the SOI.
In most of the free world, the 225 to 400 MHz band is allocated for military use (mainly for air/ground/air communications). The same frequency band is used for multichannel requirements in Army tactical units although multichannel and air/ground/air communications are not conducted on the same frequencies. Most of the free world has raster or channel allotment plans for this band. It designates frequencies used for air/ground/air, multichannel, and other telecommunications functions.
The Army is not the sole user of the air/ground/air 225 to 400 MHz frequencies in the combat zone other services use the air/ground /air frequencies for supplying close air support. Those agencies inform the supported Army force of the frequencies used so they can be inserted into the SOI.
A-8. Frequency Request for Division MSE LOS Systems
In Figure A-7, the division signal battalion determines how many frequencies are required to support the division multichannel plan.
The signal battalion requests frequencies from the division BSM.
The division BSM checks the request for accuracy and validity.
If the division BSM does not have authority to allot multichannel frequencies, then the request is forwarded to the corps BSM.
The corps BSM allots frequencies to the division BSM.
The corps BSM notifies the corps EWO of the allotment.
The division BSM receives the allotment and notifies the division EWO.
The division BSM sends allotment to the signal battalion.
The signal battalion assigns frequencies as required to engineered systems.
In MSE LOS systems, the number of channels per link ranges from 8 to 64. The high capacity of MSE systems allows them to meet large volume demands for command and control, fire control, intelligence, and administrative traffic.
For MSE LOS purposes, the frequency spectrum is separated into three bands. Two are UHF, band 1, 225 to 400 MHz and band 3, 1350 to 1850 MHz support the internodal extension link, using the AN/GRC-226 radio. To support the shorter SHF down-the-hill (DTH) link, the AN/GRC-224(P) radio uses SHF band 2, 14.5 to 15.35 GHz.
Antennas used in multichannel systems are highly directional. For this reason, relatively low powers (15 to 35 watts) are the rule. In comparison, troposcatter systems typically use 1 kilowatt of power because of the high signal attenuation in the troposphere.
It is common to have transmitter and receiver antennas in close proximity. Also, two or more multichannel links may terminate at the same site. For these reasons, frequency separation between transmit and receive frequencies of the same link and frequency separation between different links are critical. Separation criteria vary with the type of equipment used.
The MSE links take some time to establish. MSE LOS frequencies are not included in the SOI frequency changing program. With each frequency change, the LOS link has to be reestablished. The time involved in the operation makes the MSE LOS system a poor candidate for a periodic frequency changing program.
A-9. Frequency Request for Corps MSE LOS Systems
In Figure A-8, the corps signal brigade radio officer determines how many frequencies are required to support the corps MSE LOS systems.
The signal brigade requests frequencies from the corps BSM.
The corps BSM requests frequencies from the EAC BSM.
The EAC BSM allots frequencies to the corps BSM.
The corps BSM notifies the corps EWO of allotment.
The corps BSM sends the allotment to the signal brigade.
The corps signal brigade assigns the frequencies to engineered systems as required.
The corps BSM normally has an allotment of frequencies available which satisfy multichannel spectrum requirements for corps and subordinate units. The Spectrum Management Office of the TSC(A) overseas and the post, camp, station in CONUS provide this allotment.
A-10. Frequency Request for Meteorological Sondes
In Figure A-9, the corps artillery officer determines the number of meteorological units within the corps area of operation.
The artillery officer sends a request for frequency support to the corps BSM.
The corps BSM sends the request to the EAC BSM.
The EAC BSM sends the allotment to the corps BSM.
The corps BSM sends the allotment to the corps artillery officer.
The corps artillery officer gives the authorization to the units operating the equipment.
Meteorological sondes (METSONDES) are balloon-borne equipments which measure atmospheric pressure, temperature, humidity, wind speed, and wind direction in the atmosphere. This data is used primarily to support artillery operations within the corps area.
The US Army presently uses METSONDES which operate in the 1660 to 1700 MHz range. Atmospheric soundings are taken at various altitudes and the data is transmitted to a ground tracking station which receives, records, processes, and disseminates the information to users.
A-11. Frequency Request for Ground Mobile Forces Satellite (7 to 8 GHz)
In Figure A-10, the division G3 and division G6 develop requirements for satellite communications.
The division G6 sends the satellite access request to the division BSM.
The division BSM checks the request for accuracy and validity.
The division BSM sends the request to corps BSM.
The corps BSM sends the satellite access request to the EAC BSM.
The EAC BSM sends the request to the ground mobile forces (GMF) satellite communication control subsystem (SCCS) manager for the defense communications area.
The GMF manager sends the uplink and downlink frequencies and other pertinent information to the EAC BSM for clearance/approval and dissemination.
The EAC BSM sends the assignment to the corps BSM.
The corps BSM coordinates the assignment with the corps EWO.
The corps BSM sends the assignment to the division BSM.
The division BSM coordinates the assignment with the division EWO.
The division BSM sends the assignment to the division G6 for distribution to the ground forces satellite operators.
The SHF transportable GMF terminals provide multichannel communications at brigade, division, corps, and the COMMZ to support command multichannel requirements. The terminals operate with Defense Satellite Communications System (DSCS) satellites positioned in geosynchronous orbit over the equator above the Pacific, Atlantic, and Indian Oceans. Figure A-11 shows the SHF and UHF satellites and terminals.
Procedures for obtaining GMF satellite terminal authorizations are unique in that two separate and distinct approvals must be obtained before starting operations. The GMF manager grants an approved uplink and downlink frequency; however, these frequencies must be cleared through normal frequency management channels. The corps BSM ensures that frequency and satellite access approval has been received before notifying subordinate elements. See FM 24-11 for further information.
A-12. Frequency Request for UHF Single-Channel Satellite Terminal
In Figure A-12, the division G3 and division G6 develop the requirements for using a single-channel satellite net.
The division G6 sends the request to the division BSM.
The division BSM sends the request for channel access to the corps BSM.
The corps BSM sends the request to the EAC BSM for channel access and frequency approval.
The EAC BSM sends the request for channel access to the appropriate satellite primary control center (PCC).
The satellite PCC sends the uplink and downlink frequencies and any other pertinent information to the EAC BSM for approval and dissemination.
The EAC BSM sends the approved uplink and downlink frequencies to the corps BSM.
The corps BSM coordinates the assignment with the corps EWO.
The corps BSM sends the assignment to the division BSM.
The division BSM coordinates the assignment with the division EWO.
The division BSM sends the assignment to the division G6.
The division G6 sends the assignment to the supported units.
The UHF single-channel satellite service shares the 225 to 400 MHz band with air/ground and multichannel services, among others. While multichannel and air/ground allotted channels occasionally share a channel with another service, it is rare that a channel designated for single-channel satellite has an allotment for any other service.
Most single-channel satellite terminals have the capability of a single voice channel. Some of the newer terminals have a speech plus capability, that is, one voice channel plus one teletype (low speed) channel. Normally, only high-priority command and control circuits are routed over single-channel satellite facilities.
Like multichannel satellite terminals, two distinct separate approvals must be obtained. First, the PCC provides the satellite access uplink and downlink frequencies; however, these frequencies must be cleared through normal frequency management channels. Requests for satellite access are sent to the PCC which controls the satellite in the desired area of operations. In CONUS, corps or division spectrum managers can request satellite access from the appropriate PCC. In Europe, it is almost always an EAC spectrum manager function to 5th Signal Command. See FM 24-11 for further information.
A-13. Frequency Request for Air Traffic Control Radar
In Figure A-13, the air traffic control officer determines the location of the air traffic control radar.
The air traffic control officer requests frequencies for radar and IFF from the division BSM.
The division BSM sends the request to the corps BSM.
The corps BSM sends the request to the EAC BSM.
The EAC BSM sends the assignment to the corps BSM.
The corps BSM sends the assignment to the division BSM.
The corps BSM notifies the corps EWO.
The division BSM sends the assignment to the air traffic control officer.
The division BSM notifies the division EWO.
The air traffic control officer notifies the division aviation officer and division BSM when radar and IFF are checked and operational.
Air traffic control radar provides radar approach control and precision approach radar for aircraft during adverse weather conditions and high density aircraft operations. The AN/TPN-18 is used for primary radar and the AN/TPX-44 is used for secondary or IFF radar. The two equipments work together. Primary and IFF returns are adjacently displayed on the same scope. The two equipments are normally integral parts of an AN/TSQ-71A landing control central configuration. The AN/TPN-18 operates in the 9.0 to 9.6 GHz band while the AN/TPX-44 operates in the 990 to 1040 MHz band.
Within CONUS, short-term frequency assignments can sometimes be obtained from the supporting Army frequency coordinator's office, thus avoiding time-consuming frequency clearance procedures at the national agency level.
A-14. Frequency Request for Forward Area Alerting Radar
In Figure A-14, the air defense artillery sends the request for frequency support (maximum of six channels) of forward area alerting radar to the division G6.
The division G6 sends the request to the division BSM.
The division BSM sends the request to the corps BSM.
The corps BSM sends the request to the EAC BSM.
The EAC BSM sends the assignment to the corps BSM.
The corps BSM notifies the corps EWO.
The corps BSM sends the assignment to the division BSM.
The division BSM notifies the division EWO.
The division BSM sends the assignment to the division G6.
The division G6 sends the assignment to the air defense artillery battalion.
The air defense artillery battalion assigns channels to individual radars according to the SOP.
The forward area alerting radar system consists of an acquisition radar, an IFF for initial identification, and an RF data link to transmit data to a target alert data display set to support SHORAD weapons (for example, CHAPARRAL, VULCAN, and REDEYE). The AN/TPQ-32 or AN/MPQ-49 is used when equipment is vehicle mounted (tuning range is classified). The air defense artillery battalion requests frequencies for the radar and IFF from the division BSM. Frequencies to support the data links are found in the division SOI.
A-15. Frequency Request for VULCAN Radar (AN/VPS-2)
In Figure A-15, the air defense artillery battalion sends a request for frequencies and a pulse repetition frequency (PRF) to support CHAPARRAL/VULCAN operations to the division G6.
The division G6 sends the request to the division BSM.
The division BSM sends the request to corps BSM.
The corps BSM sends the request to the EAC BSM.
The EAC BSM sends the assignment to the corps BSM.
The corps BSM notifies the corps EWO.
The corps BSM sends the assignment to the division BSM.
The division BSM notifies the division EWO.
The division BSM sends the assignment to the division G6.
The division G6 sends the assignment to the air defense artillery battalion.
The air defense artillery assigns frequencies to individual radars.
The range-only-radar, AN/VPS-2, is part of the VULCAN air defense system and is used in the fire control system for antiaircraft artillery guns against low-flying subsonic tactical aircraft. The radar can track aircraft moving at range rates between 10 and 310 meters per second to a maximum range of 5,000 meters. The radar operates in the 9150 to 9250 MHz range with a peak power of 1.5 kilowatts. The entire tuning range is allotted.
A-16. Frequency Request for Moving Target Locating Radar
In Figure A-16, the requirement for moving target locating radar is developed at the CEWI battalion and the target acquisition battery.
The CEWI battalion and target acquisition battery send the frequency request to the division BSM.
The division BSM sends the request to the corps BSM.
The corps BSM sends the request to the EAC BSM.
The EAC BSM sends the allotment to the corps BSM.
The corps BSM sends the allotment to the division BSM.
The division BSM sends the allotment to the CEWI battalion and the target acquisition battery.
The CEWI battalion and target acquisition battery send the allotment to the ground surveillance radar (GSR) platoon and GSR section.
The ground surveillance company of the division CEWI battalion and the target acquisition battery operate the moving target locating radar.
The moving target locating radar is deployed near the FLOT and detects moving targets (vehicles and personnel). Equipments used are the AN/TPS-25 and AN/TPS-58. Frequencies are allotted for the frequency range of the equipment (9400 to 9600 MHz).
A-17. Frequency Request for Counter Mortar and Counter Battery
In Figure A-17, the requirement at division for counter mortar and counter battery is based on TOE and MTOE allowances on hand or planned to be on hand. Requests for frequency support are sent to the division G6 by the target acquisition battery for counter mortar and counter battery. Equipments used are the AN/TPQ-36, AN/TPQ37, and AN/MPQ-4.
Requests for frequency support are received by the division BSM and checked for validity and accuracy. The division artillery signal officer identifies requirements to the division BSM. (This includes cross attached corps artillery assets controlled by division artillery.)
The division BSM sends the request to the corps BSM.
The corps BSM sends the request to EAC BSM.
The EAC BSM sends the frequency assignments to the corps BSM.
The corps BSM notifies the corps EWO.
The corps BSM sends the assignments to the division BSM.
The division BSM sends the assignments to the requesting elements.
The division BSM notifies the division EWO.
Counter mortar and counter battery radars are usually located along the FLOT looking toward the enemy. The radar locates cannons, mortars, and rockets by detecting the position of the in-flight projectile at two points in space and extrapolating this trajectory to its point of origin. The radar is usually turned off when enemy mortar and artillery fire is not occurring to reduce its vulnerability to direction finding. Frequencies are normally allotted for the frequency range of the radar.
A-18. Frequency Request for GSR
In Figure A-18, the requirements for GSR are developed by division/corps G2 and the CEWI battalion.
The division/corps CEWI battalion sends the frequency request to the division/corps BSM.
The division BSM sends the request to the corps BSM.
The corps BSM sends the request to the EAC BSM.
The EAC BSM sends the allotment to the corps BSM.
The corps BSM sends the allotment to the corps CEWI battalion.
The corps BSM sends the allotment to the division BSM.
The division BSM sends the allotment to the division CEWI battalion.
The CEWI battalion sends the allotment to the GSR platoons.
GSR is operated at division level by the division CEWI battalion. At corps and separate brigades, the military intelligence group provides support. Frequencies are allotted for the entire tuning range.
A-19. Frequency Request for SINCGARS (VHF-FM FH)
In Figure A-19, the division G6 submits the division FH net list to the division BSM for VHF-FM frequencies to support the division combat net radio FH nets.
The division BSM submits the request to the corps BSM.
The corps BSM sends the request to the EAC BSM.
The EAC BSM sends the assignments and lockout information the corps BSM.
The corps BSM coordinates frequency assignment information with the corps EWO.
The corps BSM sends frequency assignments, frequency lockouts, and net IDs to the division BSM by fill device/disk, if applicable.
The division BSM coordinates frequency assignment information with the division EWO.
The division BSM sends frequency assignments, frequency lockouts, and net IDs to the division G6.
The division G6 performs SINCGARS SOI generation and distributes the SOI to all subordinate units by fill device/disk.
VHF-FM spectrum resources (30 to 88 MHz) along with the decentralized automated support system (BECS) is required to support effective SINCGARS operation on the battlefield. The BECS generates, manipulates, prints, stores, displays, and transfers the information required to operate the SINCGARS in the FH/SINGLE-CHANNEL mode. A hopset is a given number of frequencies which the SINCGARS can hop or transmit. A hopset can be any number of frequencies from 1 to 2320. As with single-channel radio operation, certain civilian radio services continue to be factors in obtaining and distributing frequency resources. Frequencies used for these services continue to be protected from interference by SINCGARS.
A-20. Request for ECM Jamming Authorization The corps BSM sends the request to the EAC.
In Figure A-20, the CEWI battalion develops the ECM plan to include the list of frequencies to be jammed and the point of contact information.
The CEWI battalion sends the request to the division BSM.
The division BSM sends the request to the corps BSM.
The corps BSM sends the request to the EAC BSM.
The EAC BSM sends the authorization for jamming, frequencies cleared for jamming, and any restrictions to the corps BSM.
The corps BSM sends the authorization to the division BSM.
The division BSM sends authorization to the CEWI battalion.
A-21. MIJI -Part I. Meaconing, Intrusion, and Jamming
In Figure A-21, the operator detects abnormal operation of the receiving equipment.
The operator checks the equipment to ensure that the abnormal operation is not being caused by an equipment malfunction.
The operator checks with adjacent units to determine if that is the source of the problem.
If the operator determines that the abnormal operation is caused by an outside source, the operator initiates a MIJI report and sends it to the BSM.
The division BSM and division EWO evaluate the MIJI report to determine whether the problem is caused by friendly or unfriendly sources. The corps BSM and EWO and the EAC BSM and EWO may also evaluate the report depending on what level the report is initiated.
If the source is determined to be unfriendly, the EWO will attempt to locate it, identify it, and if determined to be a serious threat, target it for destruction or neutralize its effect.
The BSM, with command guidance and in coordination with the EWO, will require the equipment to continue operating to conceal that MIJ is affecting its operation. The BSM may assign alternate frequencies to allow the affected unit to operate a second piece of equipment so the mission can continue.
If the source cannot be determined, a follow-up MIJI report is sent with all available information to the JEWC and other addressees as required.
The JEWC will enter the information into the data base and attempt to determine the source of the problem.
The JEWC notifies the reporting unit and other addressees of its findings.
The appropriate units take any remaining resolution actions.
A-22. MIJI - Part II. Interference
In Figure A-22, the operator detects abnormal operation of the receiving equipment.
The operator checks the equipment to ensure that the abnormal operation is not being caused by an equipment malfunction.
The operator (or the NCOIC, OIC, or signal officer) checks with adjacent units to determine if that is the source of the problem.
If the operator determines that the abnormal operation is caused by an outside source, the operator initiates a MIJI report and sends it to the BSM.
The division BSM and division CEWI evaluate the report to determine whether the problem is caused by friendly or unfriendly forces. The corps BSM and CEWI and the EAC BSM and EWO may also evaluate the report as required.
If the source is friendly and it can be found, the problem can be resolved locally or through liaison with the source unit.
If the source cannot be determined, a follow-up MIJI report is sent with all available information to the JEWC and other addressees as required.
The JEWC will enter the information into the data base and attempt to determine the source of the problem.
The JEWC notifies the reporting unit (and other addressees) of the findings.
The reporting unit takes the necessary action to eliminate or mitigate the problem. The unit may have to request technical assistance.
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