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MISSION

The Army has a worldwide petroleum and water supply mission. The Army is tasked by DOD Directive 4140.25M, JCS Publication 3 and AR 700-136 to support all US land-based forces, including the Air Force, Marine Corps and Naval forces ashore. It is responsible for forward movement of fuel and water through a combination of pipelines, hose lines, barges, rail cars, tank trucks, and aircraft. The Army operates and maintains most US military petroleum and water facilities. These facilities support US forces that are:

• Engaged in limited war.
• Committed in general war within a highly industrialized area.
• Deployed to undeveloped operational areas.
• Deployed to operations other than war as outlined in FM 100-5.

ORGANIZATION OF THE THEATER ARMY

Units within the theater army operate the bulk petroleum and water system in a theater of operations. Figure 2-1 shows the bulk petroleum support organization in a developed theater. Figure 2-2 shows the bulk petroleum support organization in an undeveloped theater. Figure 2-3 shows the bulk water support in a developed theater. Figure 2-4 shows the bulk water support in an undeveloped theater. FM 10-67, FM 10-52, and FM 10-52-1 discuss organizational details.

PETROLEUM SUPPLY SYSTEM

The theater petroleum supply system begins with the receipt of bulk and packaged petroleum products. Packaged products enter the theater at dry-cargo ports or from aircraft at air terminals. Bulk petroleum enters the theater by several methods. Ocean-going tankers may off-load it at marine/tactical petroleum terminals. It is also received in air-landed operations by Air Force transport. LOTS operations use pipelines and hose lines to offload tankers at undeveloped ports into tactical petroleum terminals. GS and DS petroleum supply units then distribute the petroleum products throughout the theater. It is shipped as far forward as possible without changing modes. FM 10-67 details bulk petroleum distribution in developed and undeveloped theaters. Figure 2-5 shows the system for distributing bulk petroleum in the theater. Figure 2-6 shows the flow for bulk petroleum within a developed theater. Figure 2-7 shows the requirements flow for bulk petroleum in an undeveloped theater.

SUPPORT ORGANIZATIONS FOR PETROLEUM SUPPLY SYSTEMS

The following organizations may be assigned, attached, or placed in support of petroleum pipeline and terminal operating battalions, petroleum supply battalions or transportation medium muck battalions. Also, the headquarters and headquarters petroleum group may have additional teams assigned to it. These teams provide services unique to bulk petroleum distribution and petroleum quality management. See figures 2-1 and 2-2:

• Petroleum Pipeline and Terminal Operating Company (TOE 10-417L0). This company is normally attached to a petroleum pipeline and terminal operating battalion. FM 10-207 discusses this organization.
• Petroleum Supply Company (TOE 10-427L0). This company is normally attached to the headquarters and headquarters company of the Petroleum Supply Battalion. FM 10-227 discusses this organization.
• Transportation Medium Truck Company (Petroleum, Oils, and Lubricants (POL) (TOE 55727L000 and 55728L000). This company may be assigned to the petroleum supply battalion and/or the petroleum pipeline and terminal operating battalion.
• Petroleum Liaison Team ( TOE 10560LM00). This team is normally assigned to the headquarters and headquarters company, petroleum group. See Chapter 7 for more information.
• Petroleum Host Nation Team (TOE 10560LS00). This team is normally assigned to the headquarters and headquarters company, petroleum group. See Chapter 7 for more information.

WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM

The theater water supply system begins with water production at a water source or the entry of packaged water into the theater. Water sources include deep water sources (ocean, sea or lake) or inground sources (wells, springs, or streams). Medical preventive medicine teams approve the use of all purified and packaged potable water in the water distribution system. In an arid environment, GS and DS water supply units distribute bulk water from the COMMZ to supported units. It is shipped as far forward as possible without changing modes. FM 10-52 gives more information on bulk water distribution. It discusses distribution procedures in a developed and an undeveloped theater. It also discusses supply systems planning, development, and operations. FM 10-52 discusses support by the host nation and bulk water transportation requirements. Figures 2-8 and 2-9 show the flow of requirements in a theater.

SUPPORT ORGANIZATIONS FOR WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS

The following supporting organizations are assigned, attached, or placed in support of water supply battalions assigned to the quartermaster group (petroleum and water) as required. See figures 2-3 and 2-4.