DATE=08/29/98
TYPE=ON THE LINE
NUMBER=1-00665
TITLE=TERRORISM: THE U.S. STRIKES BACK
EDITOR=OFFICE OF POLICY - 619-0037
CONTENT=
THEME: UP, HOLD UNDER AND FADE
ANNCR: ON THE LINE -- A DISCUSSION OF UNITED STATES
POLICIES AND CONTEMPORARY ISSUES. THIS WEEK,
"TERRORISM: THE U.S. STRIKES BACK." HERE IS
YOUR HOST, ROBERT REILLY.
HOST: HELLO AND WELCOME TO ON THE LINE. THE "TARGET
IS TERROR," SAID PRESIDENT BILL CLINTON, AS U.S.
MILITARY FORCES STRUCK AGAINST TERRORIST
FACILITIES AND INFRASTRUCTURE IN AFGHANISTAN AND
A CHEMICAL WEAPONS-RELATED FACTORY IN SUDAN.
THE ATTACK WAS AIMED AT THE NETWORK OF RADICAL
GROUPS AFFILIATED WITH OSAMA BIN LADEN, PERHAPS
THE PREEMINENT ORGANIZER OF INTERNATIONAL
TERRORISM IN THE WORLD TODAY. MR. CLINTON SAID
THERE IS CONVINCING EVIDENCE THAT THESE GROUPS
WERE INVOLVED IN THE RECENT BOMBINGS OF U.S.
EMBASSIES IN NAIROBI AND DAR ES SALAAM THAT
KILLED NEARLY THREE HUNDRED PEOPLE. PRESIDENT
CLINTON SAID, "THERE WILL BE NO SANCTUARY FOR
TERRORISTS. WE WILL DEFEND OUR PEOPLE, OUR
INTERESTS AND OUR VALUES."
JOINING ME TODAY TO DISCUSS U.S. POLICY AND
INTERNATIONAL TERRORISM ARE THREE EXPERTS.
YONAH ALEXANDER IS DIRECTOR OF THE TERRORISM
STUDIES PROGRAM AT THE GEORGE WASHINGTON
UNIVERSITY AND FOUNDING EDITOR OF TERRORISM: AN
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL. PAULA DOBRIANSKY IS VICE
PRESIDENT AND WASHINGTON DIRECTOR OF THE COUNCIL
ON FOREIGN RELATIONS AND A FORMER DEPUTY
ASSISTANT SECRETARY OF STATE. AND DAVID
SCHENKER IS RESEARCH FELLOW AT THE WASHINGTON
INSTITUTE FOR NEAR EAST POLICY. WELCOME TO THE
PROGRAM.
YONAH ALEXANDER, PRESIDENT CLINTON ALSO SAID
THERE WAS EVIDENCE THAT THESE GROUPS HAD PLANS
TO STRIKE AGAIN. WAS THE U.S. RESPONSE THEN THE
RIGHT ONE AT THE RIGHT TIME?
ALEXANDER: I THINK SO. USUALLY, AS WE KNOW, THE UNITED
STATES IS RESORTING TO THE MILITARY OPTION AS
THE LAST RESORT RATHER THAN THE FIRST RESORT.
BUT, IN THIS CASE, AS I UNDERSTAND IT, THERE WAS
COMPELLING EVIDENCE TO INDICATE THAT, NOT ONLY
THAT THE BIN LADEN NETWORKING WAS INVOLVED IN
THIS CASE. BUT THERE WERE PLOTS TO ATTACK
ELSEWHERE. AND THE RECORD IS VERY CLEAR, GOING
ALL THE WAY BACK FOR YEARS. SO I THINK THIS
PARTICULAR ACTION HAD TWO PURPOSES. ONE WAS
RETALIATION. AND SECONDLY, IT WAS PREEMPTIVE IN
ORDER TO SHAKE UP THAT KIND OF INFRASTRUCTURE.
HOST: PAULA DOBRIANSKY, WAS IT AN ACTION OF THE LAST
RESORT? AND, IF SO, WHAT SORT OF POLITICAL AND
DIPLOMATIC MOVES HAD THE UNITED STATES EXHAUSTED
BEFORE TAKING MILITARY ACTION?
DOBRIANSKY: WELL, I DON'T THINK IT WAS AN ACTION OF THE LAST
RESORT. IN FACT, MAYBE IT COULD BE ARGUED,
GIVEN THE FACT THAT BIN LADEN HAD APPARENTLY
DECLARED WAR ON THE UNITED STATES TWO YEARS
EARLIER. IT WAS ONLY IN AUGUST OF 1996 WHEN HE
ISSUED HIS DECLARATION OF WAR AGAINST AMERICAN
EMBASSIES, AMERICAN SOLDIERS, AMERICAN INTERESTS
ABROAD. I DON'T KNOW, COMPARATIVELY SPEAKING,
WHAT WAS THE INFORMATION AND WHAT WAS OUR
POSITION AT THAT TIME AND WHETHER THERE WOULD
HAVE BEEN A COMPELLING REASON TO TAKE MILITARY
ACTION. HAVING SAID THAT, I THINK IT WAS THE
RIGHT DECISION TO TAKE IN THIS CASE, ESPECIALLY
BECAUSE THERE WERE INDICATORS THAT OUR INTERESTS
WERE BEING THREATENED. TAKE FOR EXAMPLE THE
AMERICAN EMBASSY IN ALBANIA. IT WAS ONLY DAYS
AGO WHEN THERE WERE SOME FIVE, APPARENTLY
EGYPTIAN, ISLAMIC TERRORISTS ARRESTED AND WHO
HAD BOMB MATERIALS IN THEIR HANDS. SO IT WAS
CLEAR THAT THERE WAS SOME KIND OF LINKAGE. I'M
CERTAINLY IN AGREEMENT THAT THERE WAS STRONG
JUSTIFICATION TO TAKE THIS ACTION. AND FINALLY,
LET ME JUST ADD THAT I THINK WE HAVE SAID A LOT
RHETORICALLY IN OTHER AREAS OF THE WORLD IN
DEALING WITH OTHER ISSUES, NOT ONLY TERRORISM.
AND I THINK THAT OUR CREDIBILITY HAS BEEN
DIMINISHED BECAUSE WE HAVEN'T ALWAYS BACKED UP
OUR WORDS WITH STRONG ACTION. AND THIS WAS
JUSTIFIED.
HOST: MR. SCHENKER, WHAT DO WE KNOW ABOUT OSAMA BIN
LADEN AND THE GROUP WITH THE CURIOUS TITLE "THE
WORLD ISLAMIC FRONT FOR JIHAD AGAINST THE JEWS
AND CRUSADERS", WHICH HAS BEEN ISSUING CALLS FOR
THE MURDER OF AMERICAN CIVILIANS AND SOLDIERS
WHEREVER AND WHENEVER IT CAN BE DONE?
SCHENKER: WELL, MY UNDERSTANDING IS THAT IT'S A LOOSE
ASSOCIATION OF INDIVIDUALS AND GROUPS WHO HAVE
SIGNED ON TO A NUMBER OF BIN LADEN FATAWA.
HOST: BY FATAWA, YOU MEAN?
SCHENKER: PLURAL OF FATWA. IT CALLS FOR THE KILLING OF
AMERICANS ABROAD, EXPELLING OF THE AMERICANS
FROM THE GULF. IT'S SEEN AS AN AFFRONT TO A LOT
OF MUSLIMS, THE AMERICAN PRESENCE IN THE GULF.
THE PRESENCE IN SAUDI ARABIA, NEAR THE HOLY
SITES OF MECCA AND MEDINA. WE DON'T KNOW MUCH
MORE ABOUT THEM OTHER THAN THE RELEASE OF THESE
FATAWA. BUT WE DO KNOW SOME OF THE PEOPLE WHO
HAVE SIGNED ON TO THE FATWA. AYMAN AL-ZAWAHIRI,
AN EGYPTIAN NATIONAL WHO IS A COMPATRIOT OF BIN
LADEN AND A CLOSE ASSOCIATE, AND A NUMBER OF
OTHERS WHO HAVE AFFILIATIONS WITH EGYPTIAN
GROUPS, BANGLA DESHIS AND A NUMBER OF OTHERS.
HOST: LET ME ASK YONAH ALEXANDER. SOME PEOPLE ARE,
LET US SAY, GUARDEDLY CRITICAL OF THE ACTION THE
UNITED STATES TOOK, BECAUSE THEY SAY IT'S
STIRRING UP A HORNET'S NEST. IF YOU THINK
THINGS WERE BAD BEFORE, WAIT TILL YOU SEE WHAT
THESE PEOPLE DO NOW. AND, IN FACT, OSAMA BIN
LADEN MADE THE STATEMENT THAT "THE WAR HAS NOT
YET BEGUN" IN RESPONSE TO THE U.S. ACTIONS.
WHAT DO YOU THINK OF THAT?
ALEXANDER: WELL, I THINK WE HAVE TO PUT IT IN THE PROPER
PERSPECTIVE. IT'S NOT A QUESTION OF TIT FOR
TAT, OR CONFRONTATION BETWEEN BIN LADEN AND HIS
GROUP AND THE UNITED STATES. I WOULD LIKE TO
BROADEN THE CHALLENGE. THE CHALLENGE IS REALLY
TO THE ENTIRE INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY. YOU
BEGIN BY TALKING ABOUT THE ATTACKS IN EAST
AFRICA. YOU MENTIONED THAT THREE HUNDRED PEOPLE
WERE KILLED. BUT MORE THAN FIVE THOUSAND PEOPLE
WERE ALSO INJURED AND MAIMED AND SO ON. THE
TARGET WAS THE U.S. EMBASSIES, BUT THOSE WHO
WERE VICTIMIZED WERE AFRICANS. SO, WE FIND THAT
REGARDLESS OF THE RELIGIOUS AFFILIATION OR
NATIONAL STANDING OR WHATEVER IT IS, THE ENTIRE
INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY IS A VICTIM. AND I
WOULD LIKE TO SUGGEST, TO FOLLOW UP WHAT YOU
INDICATED CORRECTLY ABOUT BIN LADEN, THAT THE
TARGETS ARE ALSO MUSLIM COUNTRIES -- EGYPT AND
ALGERIA AND TURKEY AND SAUDI ARABIA. SO, IT'S
NOT ONLY A QUESTION OF THE UNITED STATES ITSELF.
HOST: AND WHY ARE THEY TARGETS?
ALEXANDER: WELL, SIMPLY BECAUSE THEY BELIEVE THAT THEY
DON'T LIVE UP TO THEIR OBLIGATIONS AS GOOD,
GENUINE MUSLIMS. IN FACT, ONE OF THE GROUPS IS
ALSO CALLING FOR THE LIBERATION OF THE SO-CALLED
SANCTUARIES OF ISLAM. TO LIBERATE THEM FROM
WHOM? SAUDI ARABIA IS AN INDEPENDENT COUNTRY
AND THEY SUPERVISE THE ADMINISTRATION OF MECCA
AND MEDINA. SO THE POINT I AM MAKING IS THAT
KIND OF BEHAVIOR CANNOT BE ACCEPTED BY THE
INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY, NOT ONLY THE UNITED
STATES.
DOBRIANSKY: IF I CAN JUST MAKE A POINT ON THIS WITH REGARD
TO RETALIATION, IF YOU WILL, OR THE TIT FOR TAT
SYNDROME HERE. I THINK THAT THE UNITED STATES
HAS TO TAKE STRONG ACTION WHEN IT KNOWS THAT ITS
INTERESTS, ITS CITIZENS ARE AT STAKE AND ARE
BEING THREATENED. AND CLEARLY IN THIS CASE, THE
UNITED STATES HAD TO DO THAT AND TAKE THE RISK.
IF WE DID NOT TAKE THESE ACTIONS, I HAVE NO
DOUBT THAT BIN LADEN WOULD HAVE PROCEEDED
REGARDLESS. SO, FOR THOSE WHO SAID YOU'RE ONLY
ESCALATING THIS NEW, QUOTE, UNQUOTE, WAR, WHICH
IT IS NOT, I THINK THAT COULDN'T BE FURTHER FROM
THE TRUTH. WE HAD TO TAKE THIS ACTION. IF WE
DIDN'T I THINK WE WOULD FURTHER DIMINISHED OUR
OWN CREDIBILITY.
SCHENKER: I AGREE, PAULA. IN 1996, BIN LADEN HIMSELF
WROTE IN ONE OF THESE FATAWA THAT, AFTER
SOMALIA, PRESIDENT CLINTON THREATENED REVENGE
AND VOWED U.S. RESOLVE ON THIS ISSUE; HOWEVER,
THIS IS ONLY A PRECURSOR TO WITHDRAWAL; THAT
ALLAH HAD HUMILIATED AMERICA AND THIS JUST
DISPLAYED AMERICAN IMPOTENCE AND WEAKNESS. AND
I THINK THIS IS REALLY A PROPER RESPONSE IN
LIGHT OF THAT GAUNTLET.
HOST: WELL, IT'S INTERESTING THE NUMBER OF ACTIVITIES
IN WHICH HE OR HIS ASSOCIATES HAVE BEEN
IMPLICATED, INCLUDING ATTEMPTED ASSASSINATIONS
AGAINST THE POPE, AGAINST PRESIDENT HOSNI
MUBARAK, AGAINST U.S. AIRLINERS IN THE PACIFIC.
SCHENKER: WORLD TRADE CENTER BOMBING.
HOST: WORLD TRADE CENTER, U-N PEACEKEEPERS IN SOMALIA.
YONAH ALEXANDER, CAN ENTERPRISES OF THIS
MAGNITUDE BE UNDERTAKEN WITHOUT STATE
SPONSORSHIP OF TERRORISM?
ALEXANDER: I DON'T BELIEVE IT. I THINK THAT TERRORISM WILL
CONTINUE TO BE VIABLE AS LONG AS YOU HAVE STATE
SUPPORT. COUNTRIES LIKE IRAQ AND IRAN, THE
SUDAN AND AFGHANISTAN AND LIBYA AND SYRIA AND SO
FORTH. SO, IN OTHER WORDS, YOU NEED
SANCTUARIES, YOU NEED SHELTER, YOU NEED A PLACE
TO ORGANIZE. YOU CANNOT DO IT IN OUTER SPACE.
BUT I WOULD LIKE TO SUGGEST THAT BIN LADEN
REALLY HAS A NETWORK IN FIFTY DIFFERENT
COUNTRIES AROUND THE WORLD. IN SOME COUNTRIES
THERE IS GREATER SUPPORT. IN SOME OTHER
COUNTRIES THERE IS LESS SUPPORT. BUT, THE POINT
I'M MAKING IS THAT HE DOES HAVE OPERATIVES AS
WELL AS SYMPATHIZERS -- THOSE SO-CALLED
GRADUATES OF THE AFGHAN WAR. AND, THEREFORE, I
THINK, IN ORDER TO RESPOND TO TERRORISM, LET ME
SUGGEST THAT WE HAVE TO DEVELOP TWO MAJOR
PRINCIPLES IF WE'RE GOING TO REDUCE THE RISK.
ONE IS TO REGARD AN ATTACK AGAINST ONE AS AN
ATTACK AGAINST ALL. SECONDLY, WE HAVE TO
INCREASE INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION. NO COUNTRY
CAN UNILATERALLY DEAL WITH THE PROBLEM
EFFECTIVELY. I AGREE WITH YOU, PAULA, I THINK
IT'S A GOOD POINT. THE UNITED STATES HAS THE
RESPONSIBILITY TO PROTECT THEIR CITIZENS AT HOME
AND ABROAD, BUT I THINK IF WE ARE GOING TO
REDUCE THE RISK OF TERRORISM TO THE
INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY, WE NEED COOPERATION.
AND THIS IS REALLY CRITICAL.
DOBRIANSKY: WELL, AS AN EFFECTIVE POLICY, CLEARLY, THAT
WOULD BE IDEAL. AND ONE WOULD HOPE, ESPECIALLY
AS I THINK YOU SO RIGHTLY POINTED OUT IN THE
CASE OF THE BOMBING OF OUR EMBASSY IN KENYA,
WHAT WAS UNFORTUNATE, AND I DON'T KNOW IF I'D
SAY IRONIC, BUT IT WAS IRONIC BECAUSE THE
TARGET, CERTAINLY, WAS AMERICANS. AND YET, IN
TERMS OF THE DEATHS, THE HIGHEST PERCENTAGE WERE
KENYAN CITIZENS. AND ONE WOULD HOPE THAT
INTERNATIONALLY, OTHER COUNTRIES WOULD TAKE THIS
QUITE SERIOUSLY. I WANT TO JUST ADD FURTHER, AS
A TYPE OF A POLICY RECOMMENDATION, YOU KNOW, IN
A POST-COLD WAR PERIOD, WE HAVE NOT PLACED AS
MUCH EMPHASIS ON THE IMPORTANCE OF OUR
INTELLIGENCE CAPABILITIES. AND, I'D ALSO ADD
INTO THE MIX, A ROBUST AND READY MILITARY.
AND, IN THIS REGARD, SEPARATE FROM INSURING THAT
WE HAVE STRONG INTERNATIONAL SUPPORT, WE HAVE TO
AT THE SAME TIME SHORE UP OUR OWN POSITION.
INTELLIGENCE DATA IS CRITICAL IN THIS AREA OF
TERRORISM, CRITICAL IN TERMS OF HAVING THE RIGHT
INFORMATION, THE COMPELLING INFORMATION AND GOOD
ANALYSIS OF IT. AND THAT'S IMPORTANT.
SCHENKER: IT'S BEEN POINT OUT THAT THAT'S WHY WE CAN'T GET
CLOSE TO BIN LADEN. WE KNOW WHERE HE IS THROUGH
ELECTRONIC INFORMATION, THROUGH ELECTRONIC
INTELLIGENCE, BUT WE DON'T HAVE ANY HUMAN
INTELLIGENCE ON THE GROUND. THEREFORE, EVEN IF
THERE WASN'T, PERHAPS, A PRESIDENTIAL DIRECTIVE
AGAINST ASSASSINATION, WE COULDN'T EVEN DO IT IF
WE WANTED TO.
HOST: WELL, LOOK AT THE TRAIL OF MR. BIN LADEN.
EXPELLED FROM SAUDI ARABIA, STRIPPED OF HIS
CITIZENSHIP THERE, HE THEN GOES TO YEMEN,
CORRECT?
ALEXANDER: YEMEN AND SUDAN.
HOST: AND THEN FROM YEMEN TO SUDAN. AFTER A LOT OF
PRESSURE FROM THE U.S. GOVERNMENT AND OTHERS,
HE'S FINALLY EXPELLED FROM SUDAN AND ENDS UP IN
AFGHANISTAN, WHERE THE LEADER OF THE TALEBAN HAS
MADE CLEAR HE WILL ALWAYS BE WELCOME. ON THE
OTHER HAND, THE LEADER OF THE TALEBAN ALSO SAID
HE WAS WILLING TO EXAMINE THE EVIDENCE THE
UNITED STATES HAD OF BIN LADEN'S ACTIVITIES IN
TERRORISM. WHAT DO WE DO NEXT?
SCHENKER: I THINK THERE ARE PROBABLY TWO ROUTES WE CAN
TAKE. ONE IS THAT WE DO HAVE EVIDENCE ABOUT BIN
LADEN THAT'S COMPELLING. I DON'T KNOW IF WE'RE
WILLING TO RELEASE THAT EVIDENCE, BECAUSE WE
WOULD BURN SOURCES AND METHODS AND IT WOULD BE
OVERALL A BAD SITUATION FOR OUR INTELLIGENCE
COMMUNITY. THE OTHER THING WE CAN DO IS
PRESSURE THE TALEBAN THOUGH A NUMBER OF MEANS TO
GIVE UP BIN LADEN, TO END THE SAFE HAVEN
SANCTUARY FOR HIM. THAT COULD BE THROUGH,
PERHAPS, DIPLOMATIC INCENTIVES. IT CAN BE
THOUGH . . .
HOST: FOR INSTANCE, RECOGNIZING THEM?
SCHENKER: YES, ALTHOUGH THE REGIME IS, OF COURSE - - THE
UNITED STATES DOES NOT LIKE THE REGIME THERE.
THERE ARE A LOT OF PROBLEMS -- HUMAN RIGHTS-WISE
AND THE TREATMENT OF WOMEN, ET CETERA. BUT
THERE IS THE DIPLOMATIC ROUTE. BUT ALSO WE CAN
WORK ON PAKISTAN, WHO'S THE ONLY ALLY BASICALLY
OF THE TALEBAN, TO PUT PRESSURE ON THE TALEBAN
TO GIVE BIN LADEN UP. AND THERE ARE A LOT OF
WAYS WE CAN DO THAT. WE HAVE SANCTIONS ON
PAKISTAN RIGHT NOW BECAUSE OF THE NUCLEAR TEST.
HOST: I WANT TO RAISE ONE OTHER LARGE ISSUE, YONAH
ALEXANDER, THAT IS OFTEN STATED WHEN IT COMES TO
TERRORISM IN THE MIDDLE EAST. AND THIS ONE WAS
PUT BY AN UNNAMED SYRIAN ANALYST WHO SAID,
QUOTE, ARAB ANTI-AMERICANISM IS NOT GENUINELY
ANTI-AMERICAN. IT IS DIRECTLY RELATED TO THE
ISRAEL-ARAB CONFLICT, UNQUOTE.
ALEXANDER: I THINK THIS KIND OF ARGUMENT CANNOT BE REALLY
DEFENDED, BOTH INTELLECTUALLY AND MORALLY AND
PRACTICALLY. EVEN IF ISRAEL HAD NOT EXISTED, WE
STILL WOULD HAVE TO DEAL WITH THE PROBLEM OF
TERRORISM.
HOST: WHY?
ALEXANDER: WELL, FIRST OF ALL, BECAUSE YOU HAVE SOME
INDIGENOUS ISSUES: WHO IS GOING TO RULE EGYPT
AND UNDER WHAT SYSTEM? HOW ABOUT SAUDI ARABIA
OR ALGERIA? AND SO FORTH. THE POINT I'M MAKING
IS THAT THERE IS A FICTION THAT ALL THE
TERRORISM TODAY IS RELATED TO RELIGION, THAT IF
WE ELIMINATE THAT, WE ARE NOT GOING TO HAVE
TERRORISM. CLEARLY, WE HAVE A PROBLEM WITH BIN
LADEN, BUT LET ME SUGGEST THAT WE HAVE TO DEAL
WITH OTHER ISSUES, LIKE SINGLE-ISSUE EXTREMISM.
FOR EXAMPLE, GROUPS WHO BLOW UP ABORTION CLINICS
IN THE NAME OF GOD AND SO ON, OR IDEOLOGICAL
TERRORISM ON THE LEFT, ON THE RIGHT, NEO-NAZI
GROUPS AND SO FORTH.
HOST: BUT IN TERMS OF INTERNATIONAL TERRORISM?
ALEXANDER: WELL, IT'S INTERNATIONAL TERRORISM THAT WE'RE
TALKING ABOUT. WE HAD THE NETWORK OF THE SOVIET
UNION. IDEOLOGICALLY, WE STILL HAVE THE TUPAC
AMARA IN PERU, SHINING PATH, VARIOUS GROUPS
AROUND THE WORLD. WE HAVE THIS TERRIBLE PROBLEM
IN ULSTER, THE IRISH PROBLEM WHICH IS A VERY
COMPLEX PROBLEM THAT GOES ON FOR HUNDREDS OF
YEARS.
SCHENKER: THERE'S ALSO ABU NIDAL, WHO, SINCE '85, HASN'T
REALLY KILLED AMERICANS. MOSTLY PALESTINIANS,
PEOPLE IN THE P-L-O, HIGH RANKING OFFICIALS OF
ARAB GOVERNMENTS.
ALEXANDER: SO, THERE ARE MANY, MANY CAUSES THAT ENCOURAGE
TERRORISM.
HOST: WELL, IN TERMS OF THESE ISSUES AND GROUPS, OF
COURSE, THE GENERAL ANNOUNCEMENT BY THEM IN A
FATWA OR A JIHAD IS THE INTEREST IN UNITING BOTH
SHI'ITES AND SUNNIS IN A GENERAL WAR AGAINST THE
WEST, BECAUSE IT IS THE WEST THAT IS THE ENEMY.
DOES THAT RESONATE?
SCHENKER: WELL, I THINK A LOT OF IT HAS TO DO WITH U.S.
SUPPORT FOR THESE REGIMES, LIKE SAUDI ARABIA AND
FOR HOSNI MUBARAK. BUT THAT HAS NOTHING TO DO
WITH ISRAEL.
HOST: NO, THAT'S WHAT I MEAN. THIS IS A LARGER ISSUE
OUTSIDE OF THAT. PAULA DOBRIANSKY?
DOBRIANSKY: I WOULD JUST ONLY SAY: I COULDN'T AGREE MORE. I
THINK THAT THE REASONS ARE BROADER. I DON'T
THINK IT'S MORALLY OR PRACTICALLY APPROPRIATE TO
PEG THE RATIONALE ON THE ISSUE AND THE PROBLEMS
SOLELY IN THE ARAB-ISRAELI CONFLICT. IT GOES
MUCH BEYOND. AND AS WAS ALREADY CITED, THERE
ARE OTHER SITUATIONS THAT HAVE OCCURRED IN OTHER
CONTINENTS AND FOR VERY DIFFERENT REASONS.
HOST: WELL, I'M AFRAID THAT'S ALL THE TIME WE HAVE
THIS WEEK. I WOULD LIKE TO REMIND OUR AUDIENCE
THAT, AS PART OF THE U.S. COUNTER-TERRORISM
REWARDS PROGRAM, THE UNITED STATES WILL PAY A
REWARD OF UP TO TWO MILLION DOLLARS TO
INDIVIDUALS WHO PROVIDE INFORMATION THAT LEADS
TO THE ARREST AND CONVICTION, IN ANY COUNTRY, OF
THOSE RESPONSIBLE FOR THE BOMBINGS OF THE U.S.
EMBASSIES IN NAIROBI AND DAR ES SALAAM. IF YOU
HAVE ANY INFORMATION CONCERNING THESE ATTACKS,
YOU SHOULD CONTACT THE NEAREST U.S. EMBASSY OR
CONSULATE. OR CALL 1-800-437-6371. INFORMATION
MAY ALSO BE SENT TO THE FOLLOWING INTERNET
ADDRESS; HEROES@HEROES-DOT NET. I'D LIKE TO
THANK OUR GUESTS -- YONAH ALEXANDER FROM GEORGE
WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY; PAULA DOBRIANSKY FROM
THE COUNCIL ON FOREIGN RELATIONS; AND DAVID
SCHENKER FROM THE WASHINGTON INSTITUTE FOR NEAR
EAST POLICY -- FOR JOINING ME THIS WEEK TO
DISCUSS U.S. POLICY AND THE FIGHT AGAINST
INTERNATIONAL TERRORISM. THIS IS ROBERT REILLY
FOR ON THE LINE.
28-Aug-98 1:55 PM EDT (1755 UTC)
NNNN
Source: Voice of America
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