Russian Aviation Bombs - Aviatsionnaya Bomba
| Pattern | Description |
|---|---|
| AGITAB-500-300 | 500 kg Leaflet |
| AO-50/100 | 100 kg Frag |
| AOKH-10 | 10 kg Chemical |
| AVBPM | "Father of All Bombs" [vacuum bomb] |
| BETAB-500U | 478 kg Target Penetration runway denial |
| BETAB-500SHP | 478 kg Target Penetration runway denial |
| BRAB-200 DS | 200 kg AP |
| BRAB-220 | 220 kg AP |
| BRAB-500 | 500 kg AP |
| BRAB-1000 | 1000 kg AP |
| FAB-250TS | thick-walled high-explosive |
| FAB-250 M46 | 250 kg GP |
| FAB-250 M54 | 250 kg GP |
| FAB-250 M62 | 250 kg HE |
| FAB-500 M54 | 500 kg GP |
| FAB-500-M62 | 500 kg GP high-explosive |
| FAB-500SH | high-explosive bomb |
| FAB-500 SHN | 500 kg GP |
| FAB-500 SHL | 500 kg HE |
| FAB-500TS | 500 kg GP thick-walled high-explosive |
| FAB-500 Welded | 500 kg GP |
| FAB-1500 M54 | high-explosive bomb |
| FAB-5000 | high-explosive bomb |
| FAB-5000 M-54 | high-explosive bomb |
| FAB-9000 M-54 | high-explosive bomb |
| FOTAB-100-80 | 100 kg Photoflash |
| FOTAB-250T | 250 kg Photoflash |
| FZAB-500 | high-explosive incendiary |
| KAB-20 | 20 kg corrected bomb |
| KAB-50 | 50 kg corrected bomb |
| KAB-250L | 250 kg corrected bomb |
| KAB-250S-E | 250 kg corrected bomb |
| KAB-500 | 500 kg corrected bombs |
| KAB-500Kr | corrected air bombs |
| KAB-500L | semi-active laser guidance |
| KAB-500LG | |
| KAB-500-OD | corrected Volume-detonating |
| KAB-500S | Adjustable air bomb |
| KAB-500S-E | Glonass Adjustable air bomb |
| KAB-1500Kr | 1500 kg HE corrected air bombs |
| KAB-1500L | controlled semi-active laser guidance |
| KAB-1500L-F | 1500 kg HE smart bomb |
| KAB-1500LG | |
| KAB-1500L-Pr | controlled bomb |
| KAB-1500TK | controlled bomb TV-command guidance |
| KAB-1500S-E | |
| KHAB-25 | 25 kg Chemical |
| KHAB-100 | 100 kg Chemical |
| KHAB-200 | 200 kg Chemical, Nonpersistent |
| KHAB-200 | 200 kg Chemical, Persistent |
| KHAB-500 | 500 kg Chemical |
| KHAB-1000 | 1000 kg Chemical |
| KHAB-200 R-5 | Chemical |
| KHAB-200 R-10 | Chemical |
| KMGU | container of small loads |
| ODAB-500PM | 500 kg "Space-bomb" [fuel air explosive] |
| OFAB-100NV | 100 kg Frag |
| OFAB-100-120 | 100 kg Frag high-explosive |
| OFAB 100-120 | 100 kg HE Frag Retarded |
| OFAB 100-120 TB | 100 kg Thermobaric Bomb |
| OFAB-250-270 | 250 kg Frag |
| OFAB-250-270 | 250 kg HE Frag |
| OFAB-250SH | 250 kg HE Frag |
| OFAB-250SHL | 250 kg HE Frag (Retarded) |
| OFAB-250 SHN | 250 kg HE Frag |
| OFAB-500 M62PF | 500 kg Pre-fragmented High Explosive |
| OFAB-500U | 500 kg HE Frag (Retarded) universal bomb |
| OFZAB-500 | high-explosive incendiary bomb aircraft |
| RBK-500 | cluster bombs |
| RBK-500U | cluster bombs, Glonass guided |
| SPBE 500-D | single cluster bomb sub-munition |
| SAB-250-200 | 250 kg Illumination |
| ST-500 | Incendiary tank |
| UB-2000F | 2000 kg Chaika radio-controlled |
| UB-5000F | 5000 kg Condor TV or radio-controlled |
| UMPK | Unifitsirovannogo nabora Modulei Planirovanie i Korrekcii |
| UPAB-1500 | |
| ZAB-50T SHCH | 50 kg Incendiary |
| ZAB-50TB | 50 kg Incendiary Type B |
| ZAB-100T SHCH | 65 kg Incendiary |
| ZAB-500T SHCH | 300 kg Incendiary |
| ZB-500GD | 500 kg Incendiary |
| ZB-500SH | 500 kg Incendiary |
| Zagon-1 | |
| 10X | V-1 buzzbomb analog aircraft missile |
| v14X | 1946 KB Chelomei aircraft missiles |
| SURF 16X | 1948-53 "Priboy" [Surf] aircraft missiles |
First used by the Italians in the Italo-Turkish war of 1911-1912, developed in Russia in 1913-1915. For domestic Aviation bomb a number of calibers are established, expressed by the nominal mass in kilograms from 0.5 to 9,000. The caliber is indicated after the conditional name of the bomb (for example, FAB-500). A number of foreign armies (including the American one) have calibers expressed in pounds (from 1 to 44,000).
Aviation bomb consists of a body, equipment, suspension lugs, a stabilizer and a ballistic ring. The stabilizer and ballistic ring ensure the steady flight of the bomb in the air after being dropped. Bombs designed to be dropped from low altitudes have braking devices (parachutes, etc.) that reduce the speed of the bombs, so that they lag behind the bomber by a distance necessary for his safety. When preparing Aviation bomb for combat use, one or more fuses are installed in them, which actuate the equipment - an explosive charge or a pyrotechnic composition (incendiary, lighting, etc.). Impact fuses cause the action of Aviation bomb at the moment of hitting an obstacle or after some time - from fractions of a second to several hours or even days. Remote fuses set the bombs into action in the air after a certain time after being dropped, and non-contact fuses at a given height from the ground.
High-explosive Aviation bomb - the most common type of bombs; they strike objects with a high-explosive action of the explosion and are used to destroy military-industrial structures, warehouses, airfields, bridges, railway junctions, and other targets; their mass is from 50 kg to 10 tons . with a thick-walled body in the US Army are called semi-armor-piercing bombs.
Fragmentation Aviation bomb have a massive body, from which a large number of fragments are formed during the explosion; are used to destroy manpower, artillery, vehicles, aircraft at airfields and other targets with fragments, their weight is from 1 to 100 kg . In the Vietnam War, US aircraft used small ball-shaped fragmentation bombs with ready-made fragments in the form of steel balls scattered by the explosion. For dropping small fragmentation and other types of Aviation bomb are special bundles and cassettes for single and multiple use. High-explosive fragmentation Aviation bomb serve to destroy various targets with fragments and high-explosive action.
Armor-piercing Aviation bomb designed to destroy armored ships and targets with solid concrete and reinforced concrete protection. Their damaging effect consists of a penetrating action and a subsequent explosion inside the object. To increase penetration, armor-piercing bombs can have a jet engine that increases their speed when they hit an obstacle.
Anti-tank Aviation bomb designed to destroy tanks and other ground armored vehicles. The explosive charge has a metal-lined cumulative recess, from which a cumulative jet is formed during the explosion (see Artillery shells ) , penetrating armor and igniting fuel vapors. For the first time, anti-tank artillery. were used by Soviet aviation during the Great Patriotic War in the Battle of Kursk 1943. These bombs are dropped from aircraft in one-time cartridges. With a mass of 2.5-5 kg , they penetrate armor up to 100-200 mm.
Anti-submarine Aviation bomb used to destroy submarines. Small bombs are used, designed for a direct hit on a boat, and large-caliber bombs that can hit a boat when they explode in the water.
Incendiary Aviation bomb are used to create fires and destroy manpower and equipment on the battlefield and in crowded places. Their mass is from 1 to 500 kg. They are equipped with solid pyrotechnic compositions and organic combustible substances (gasoline, kerosene, etc.), thickened with special compositions. Napalm is widely used as a thickener in incendiary diamonds manufactured in the USA . US aircraft bombarded civilians with napalm bombs in the wars in Korea and Vietnam. High-explosive incendiary Aviation bomb are used to defeat fire and high-explosive action of industrial structures, oil storage facilities, urban-type buildings, etc.
Chemical Aviation bomb equipped with chemical warfare agents.
Aviation bomb auxiliary purposes are used to set up smoke screens in order to mask the actions of friendly troops or blind the enemy; to scatter propaganda literature; for illuminating the area during bombing at night and aerial photography, marking aircraft flight routes, airborne landing sites, etc.
Russian bombs have an explosive section with a tail structure that is added and in the case of guided bombs like the KAB-1500 a guidance section in the nose but they are not modular. Unlike American PGMs, it is not possible to fit a satellite guidance nose and tail control section to a standard FAB-500M62 bomb and make it a KAB-500. Satellite bombs and Laser or IIR guided bombs and missiles are made that way. They don't come in bomb kits that are attached to bombs of various sizes.
In 2015, VKS used in Syria:
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If the target is not identifiable on the sensor, the pilot can release the bomb on coordinates. The computer constantly updates the release point, based on the weapon’s ballistic characteristics and the aircraft’s flight data. However, without global positioning systems (GPS) updates to the aircraft navigation systems, this technique may result in significant miss distances.
This may explain the reports of Russian “carpet bombing.” Gusty winds and high altitude releases, typical in mountainous terrain, further degrade the accuracy of system deliveries. After the pilot gives consent by depressing the “pickle button,” the aircraft’s bombing computer releases the weapon.
Proficient Fencer aircrews using computed deliveries should normally place bombs within 200 feet of the target in any weather. To improve the odds of destroying the target, the crew may release multiple weapons, singularly or in pairs, sequentially to form a “string” of bombs. Ideally, this pattern will intersect the target and one or more weapons will achieve the desired results. The remaining weapons, impacting off-target, may cause serious collateral damage.
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