• Forum
• SITREP

• Military

• Introduction
• Systems
• Facilities
• Agencies
• Industry
• Operations
• Countries
• Hot Documents
• News
• Reports
• Policy
• Budget
• Congress
• Links

• WMD
• Intelligence
• Homeland Security
• Space
• Public Eye

Further Reading

China References

Basic Documents

• US / PRC Joint Communique February 28, 1972
• US / PRC Joint Communique January 1, 1979
• US / PRC Joint Communique August 17, 1982
• The Taiwan Question and Reunification of China Taiwan Affairs Office & Information Office, State Council - The People's Republic of China - August 1993, Beijing
• White Paper--The One-China Principle and the Taiwan Issue -- The Taiwan Affairs Office and The Information Office of the State Council February 21, 2000

US Government Documents

• Annual Report to Congress: Military and Security Developments Involving the People's Republic of China 2012 DoD Released 18 May 2012
• Indigenous Weapons Development in China’s Military Modernization U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission Staff Research Report Apr 2012
• ANNUAL REPORT TO CONGRESS: Military Power of the People's Republic of China - 2011 24 August 2011
• ANNUAL REPORT TO CONGRESS: Military Power of the People's Republic of China - 2010 16 August 2010
• ANNUAL REPORT TO CONGRESS: Military Power of the People's Republic of China - 2009 24 March 2009
• ANNUAL REPORT TO CONGRESS: Military Power of the People's Republic of China - 2008 Released 03 Mar 2008
• ANNUAL REPORT TO CONGRESS: Military Power of the People's Republic of China - 2007 Released 25 May 2007
• ANNUAL REPORT TO CONGRESS: Military Power of the People's Republic of China - 2006 Released May 2006
• The Military Power of the People's Republic of China 2005 Office of the Secretary of Defense 19 Jul 2005 [PDF 1.31 MB]
• 2004 REPORT TO CONGRESS ON PRC MILITARY POWER 29 May 2004 -- Between 2003 and 2004, DoD has identified improvements in China's military capabilities in a significant number of areas. [PDF 507 Kb]
• 2003 Annual Report on the Military Power of the People's Republic of China [PDF] Report to Congress, Pursuant to the FY 2000 National Defense Authorization Act (July 28, 2003)
• 2002 Annual Report on the Military Power of the People's Republic of China [PDF] Report to Congress, Pursuant to the FY 2000 National Defense Authorization Act (July 12, 2002)
• The Security Situation in the Taiwan Strait Report to Congress -- 26 February 1999
• Future Military Capabilities and Strategy of the People's Republic of China, Report to Congress pursuant to Section 1226 of the FY98 National Defense Authorization Act) (Washington, DC: Department of Defense, November 1998)

• Handbook of the Chinese People's Liberation Army [15 MB PDF] DDB-2680-32-84 Defense Intelligence Agency; (November 1984).
• Defense Intelligence Agency. People's Republic of China People's Liberation Army Air Force (May 1991, DIC-1300-445-91) [While our copy secured through the FOIA redacts the author's name, Ken Allen identifies himself as the author in multiple sources.]

Chinese Sources

• CHINA'S STRATEGIC NUCLEAR WEAPONS Major General Yang Huan, Deputy Commander, Second Artillery
• NUCLEAR SHADOWS ON HIGH-TECH WARFARE Major General Wu Jianguo
• REFORM OF CHINA'S DEFENSE INDUSTRY Shun Zhenhuan, State Planning Commission
• REFORMING DEFENSE SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND INDUSTRY General Ding Henggao -- Chairman, Commission on Science, Technology and National Defense Industry (COSTIND)
• TRADITIONAL MILITARY THINKING AND THE DEFENSIVE STRATEGY OF CHINA Lieutenant General Li Jijun Vice President of the Academy of Military Science The Chinese People's Liberation Army Letort Paper No. 1 -- August 29, 1997

General Sources

• The People's Liberation Army as Organization: Reference Volume v1.0 James C. Mulvenon and Andrew N. D. Yang eds. (RAND 2002)
• PEOPLE'S LIBERATION ARMY AFTER NEXT Edited by Susan M. Puska Strategic Studies Institute, U.S. Army War College August 2000 - An analytical schism has developed over differing assessments of China's military modernization. Underlying this debate are at least two key questions. First, will the ongoing China's People's Liberation Army (PLA) modernization provide China with significant offensive power projection and/or preemptive capability? If so, by when? Second, does the pace and success of China's military modernization constitute a threat to the United States and/or its friends and allies in the Asia-Pacific region?

Strategic Forces

• CHINA'S STRATEGIC MODERNIZATION: IMPLICATIONS FOR THE UNITED STATES Mark A. Stokes [U.S. Army Strategic Studies Institute] -- September 1999
• The Economics of Proliferation in the People's Republic of China Kevin F. Donovan [1 April 1996]
• Evolution of China's Nuclear Capability: Implications for U.S. Policy James A. Sands [1995]

Conventional Forces

• THE IMPACT OF FOREIGN WEAPONS AND TECHNOLOGY ON THE MODERNIZATION OF CHINA'S PEOPLE'S LIBERATION ARMY by Richard D. Fisher, Jr. Center for Security Policy A Report for the U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission January 2004 - While the ability of China's People's Liberation Army to absorb and use foreign military technology has been judged in the past to be fair to mediocre, this study, in two parts offers new observations and conclusions. Starting from the fact that the People's Republic of China is now the world's largest importer of weapons and military technologies, its ability to sustain this buying binge is having new cumulative effects.
• The People's Liberation Army and China in Transition edited by Stephen J. Flanagan & Michael E. Marti Center for the Study of Chinese Military Affairs, Institute for National Strategic Studies, National Defense University August 2003 [8 MB PDF]
• CHINESE ARMY BUILDING IN THE ERA OF JIANG ZEMIN Andrew Scobell Strategic Studies Institute, United States Army War College, Carlisle Barracks July 2000
• THE PLA AND THE KOSOVO CONFLICT June Teufel Dreyer Strategic Studies Institute, United States Army War College, Carlisle Barracks May 2000
• CHINA DEBATES the FUTURE SECURITY ENVIRONMENT MICHAEL PILLSBURY National Defense University Press January 2000
• CHINESE ARMS EXPORTS: POLICY, PLAYERS AND PROCESS Evan S. Medeiros & Bates Gill Strategic Studies Institute, United States Army War College, Carlisle Barracks July 2000
• THE CHINESE ARMED FORCES IN THE 21ST CENTURY Edited by Larry M. Wortzel Strategic Studies Institute, United States Army War College, Carlisle Barracks December 1999
• Prognosis for China by Sidney Trevethan [Revision 4, November 1999] It appears the PLAN can deliver about two Agroup armies@ (i.e., corps) of amphibious units by ships and another two by large LCU type landing craft. In addition, it can deliver at least three or four more by merchant ships to any operating port.
• THE CHINESE PEOPLE'S LIBERATION ARMY: "SHORT ARMS AND SLOW LEGS" Russell D. Howard, USAF Institute for National Security Studies Occasional Paper 28 -- September 1999

• PLA Colonels : "Unrestricted Warfare": Part I -- November 1999 report from U.S. Embassy Beijing
• PLA Colonels : "Unrestricted Warfare": Part II -- November 1999 report from U.S. Embassy Beijing
• PLA Senior Colonels On Globalism And New Tactics: "Unrestricted Warfare": Part III
• PLA Senior Colonels On Strategy And Geopolitics: "Unrestricted Warfare": Part IV

• Mainland China's (PRC) Military Situation Chapter 3 in Republic of China 1998 National Defense Report [April 1998]
• Chinese Views of Future Warfare edited by Michael Pillsbury, Institute for National Strategic Studies [1998]
• CHINA'S MILITARY POTENTIAL Larry M. Wortzel US Army Strategic Studies Institute October 2, 1998
• Military Modernization in the People's Republic of China--Implications for the United States and the Region David B. Mathews; James M. Norris (Faculty Advisor) Air Command and Staff College 1998 -- Economic reform in the People's Republic of China (PRC) has actually slowed military modernization efforts and hindered indigenous defense production.
• THE DYNAMICS OF RUSSIAN WEAPON SALES TO CHINA Stephen J. Blank US Army Strategic Studies Institute March 4, 1997
• Evaluating Chinese Military Procurement from Russia Dennis J. Blasko, Joint Forces Quarterly Autumn/Winter 1997-98 [540 kb PDF] Many reported deals are never consummated. Purchases and technology transfers have been limited because of Chinese financial constraints and Russian strategic suspicions.
• The Gulf War -- Lessons for Chinese Military S&T A report from U.S. Embassy Beijing November 1996
• CHINA AND THE REVOLUTION IN MILITARY AFFAIRS Bates Gill & Lonnie Henley US Army Strategic Studies Institute May 20, 1996
• CHINA'S STRATEGIC VIEW: THE ROLE OF THE PEOPLE'S LIBERATION ARMY June Teufel Dreyer -- April 25, 1996
• The PLA In Search of a Strategic Focus Ronald N. Montaperto Joint Forces Quarterly Spring 1995 [404 kb PDF]

Science & Technology

• U.S. Commercial Technology Transfers to the People's Republic of China Defense Market Research Report Bureau of Export Administration, Office of Strategic Industries and Economic Security -- January 1999
• Science and Education for a Prosperous China: Lessons From Abroad A report from U.S. Embassy Beijing November 1996
• PRC State Council "Decision on Accelerating S&T Development" A report from U.S. Embassy Beijing November 1996
• Chinese Challenges in Absorbing and Producing New Technology A report from U.S. Embassy Beijing December 1996
• China's Science and Technology Policy for the Twenty-First Century -- A View From the Top A Report from U.S. Embassy Beijing November 1996
• "Science and Education for a Prosperous China" -- A Brutal and Frank Assessment A report from U.S. Embassy Beijing November 1996
• China's S&T Policy: A View From Within A report from U.S. Embassy Beijing December 1996

Politico-Military Trends

• OVERCOMING UNCERTAINTY: U.S.-CHINA STRATEGIC RELATIONS IN THE 21ST CENTURY Walter Neal Anderson, USAF Institute for National Security Studies Occasional Paper 29, October 1999
• STRATEGIC TRENDS IN CHINA - NATIONAL DEFENSE UNIVERSITY 1998
  • Strategic Perspectives James Lilley and Richard Solomon
  • Defense Policy and Posture I Richard Fisher and Paul H. B. Godwin
  • Defense Policy and Posture II John Culver and Michael Pillsbury
  • Nuclear Issues Michael Nacht and Tom Woodrow
  • Taiwan and the South China Sea Ralph Clough and Scott Snyder
• China's Future Intent: Responsible World Power or International Rogue State Brian A. Simpson; Robert H. Hendricks (Faculty Advisor) Air Command and Staff College 1997
• East-West "Giants' On Collison Course Underlying Causes For Future Us-China Conflict Michael J Wallace Air Command and Staff College 1997
• China: the Emerging Superpower by Major H.A. Hynes Ex New Horizons · 1997-98 Department of National Defence (Canada)