Type 51C Luzhou DDG-X [Area Defense Project]
In 2005, the PLA Navy launched its newest ship, the LUZHOU-class (Type 051C) DDG. Designed for anti-air warfare, it is equiped with the Russian SA-N-20 SAM system, controlled by the TOMBSTONE phasedarray radar. THe SA-N-20 more than doubles the range of current PLAN systems.
By 2010, another new destroyer class probably will begin to enter the fleet, as could a new frigate. By 2020, China is expected to have its new destroyer classes in full production, with several in service or on the way. The new frigate likely will experience a similar rate of production. As they go into service, these platforms will replace the older JIANGHU I/II. By 2020, China probably will have phased out most of the LUDA Class DD.
In June 2005 Bill Gertz reported that two Luzhou guided-missile destroyers were under construction. This nomenclature is not previously attested.
There were suggestions that a design dubbed 051C (8,000t class) based on 051B is planned to be built at Dalian Shipyard. This class would possibly feature the RIF-M/S-300F SAM system acquired from Russia.
There is also some speculation that a new design would be constructed with a 10,000 ton displacement. This might be equipped with the "Rif" Naval S-300 system, which utilizes a single Tombstone phased array radar, in a vertical launching system (VLS).
The PLAN seeks to push its maritime defense perimeter further seaward. This change in operations will require newer, more modern warships and submarines capable of operating out to the Ryukyu Islands and into the South China Sea. At these extended ranges, the platforms will have to be better armed to enable defense from all methods of attack. The Navy has been conducting research and acquiring foreign technology in an effort to improve the broad range of naval warfare capabilities; it also is acquiring new classes of ships that will be better suited for operations out to the limits of the East and South China Seas.
The PLAN continues to have longstanding concerns about its capability to engage enemy aircraft, cruise missiles and precision-guided munitions. This problem is becoming more significant as the Navy strives to operate away from the protection of land-based air defenses. PLAN surface combatants have a limited, and primarily self-defense, anti-air warfare (AAW) capability. Only about twelve of its destroyers and frigates are outfitted with SAM systems; the others are armed only with AAA and possibly man-portable air defense systems. In addition, PLAN warships lack the modern air surveillance systems and data links required for area air defense missions. The combination of short-range weapons and lack of modern surveillance systems limits the PLAN to self-defense and point-defense anti-air warfare only. Consequently, except in unusual circumstances, no PLAN ship is capable of conducting air defense of another ship. Additionally, the PLAN could not reliably defend against either current or projected anti-ship cruise missiles (ASCM).
