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Ukraine and Piloted Space Missions

Although 15 Ukrainian-born cosmonauts have flown in space between 1962 and 1994, the new National Space Agency of Ukraine, unlike Kazakhstan, has not sponsored national manned space missions. To date all Ukrainian cosmonauts have represented either the former Soviet Union or the Russian Ministry of Defense. Due primarily to fiscal constraints this situation will likely remain unchanged through the end of the decade. However, Ukraine will serve a vital commercial role in the ISS program as the vendor of the Zenit-2 launch vehicle which will carry most of the Russian permanent elements as well as the Progress M2 logistics spacecraft.