Daily Press Briefing by the Office of the Spokesperson for the Secretary-General
Department of Public Information . News and Media Division . New York
15 October 2025
The following is a near-verbatim transcript of today's briefing by Stéphane Dujarric, Spokesperson for the Secretary-General.
**Guests and Briefing Today
In a short while, we will be joined by two guests from the World Food Programme (WFP). Jean Martin Bauer, who you all know well, who is WFP's Director of Food Security and Nutrition Analysis. He will provide an overview of WFP's report entitled, "A lifeline At Risk", which is self-explanatory.
And, also with him will be Ross Smith, WFP's Director of Emergency Preparedness and Response, who will focus on the six countries that are at most critical risk this year due to lack of cash.
Both of our guests will be joining us virtually.
Then at 1:30 p.m., there will be a briefing by Dr. Alice Jill Edwards, Special Rapporteur on Torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment.
**UN80
This morning, the Secretary-General briefed the General Assembly on the progress of the three workstreams of his UN80 initiative. Taken together, he told the Member States, the measures of the three workstreams will produce a much more coherent, impactful, and cost-effective UN system as a whole.
The Secretary-General focused on the third workstream on structural changes, which was detailed in his recent report, "Shifting Paradigms: United to Deliver".
He said that his vision for the United Nations system is clear: Entities that work together as one to deliver better, overcoming fragmentation, eliminating duplication, improving funding models and maximizing synergies.
Regarding peace and security work, he said he proposes to consolidate and reconfigure teams at Headquarters, as well as special political missions in Yemen, Cyprus and Central Africa, to eliminate duplication and increase coherence in our support to Member States.
He warned that humanitarian action is on the brink of collapse.
To respond to challenges, he said that we have established a New Humanitarian Compact between UN humanitarian agencies, which is a six-point blueprint to deliver better, restore trust in multilateral action and maximize the impact of every dollar that is given to us.
He said we will cut coordination bureaucracy, integrate the supply chains of the principal humanitarian agencies, propose to scale up the use of common services, strengthen our joint capacities to leverage data and align responsibilities to reduce programmatic overlaps in the fields of food, mobility, beneficiary data, health and nutrition.
On development work, Mr. [António] Guterres said that we propose to conduct a thorough assessment of the potential benefits of a merger between UNDP (United Nations Development Programme) and UNOPS — United Nations Office for Project Services — to create a stronger engine for sustainable development, with greater reach and scale. Similarly, we will conduct a thorough assessment on the benefits of a merger of UNFPA (United Nations Population Fund) and UN-Women and their respective mandates and capacities.
Those remarks have been shared with you, and that meeting is going on now and will continue in the afternoon with an interactive discussion between the Secretary-General and Member States.
**Gaza
On Gaza today, I first want to flag a statement by Tom Fletcher, our Emergency Relief Coordinator, who said that earlier this week, we were able to kick off our humanitarian scale-up after months of frustration and blockages, but yesterday, we faced further setbacks to that implementation, adding that we are now tested to see whether we can ensure that these do not prevent the progress on which President [Donald] Trump, our Secretary-General and so many leaders have insisted.
As Hamas have agreed, they must make strenuous efforts to return the bodies of all deceased hostages. We of course are gravely concerned by the evidence of violence against civilians in Gaza that we are witnessing since the ceasefire took effect.
As Israel has agreed, Mr. Fletcher added, they must allow the massive surge of humanitarian aid, thousands of trucks a week, on which so many lives depend, and on which the world has insisted. We need more crossings to be open and a genuine, practical, problem-solving approach to removing the remaining roadblocks, being physical or bureaucratic.
Throughout this crisis, he said, we have insisted that withholding aid from civilians can never be a bargaining chip.
And just to focus more on OPT (Occupied Palestinian Territory), on more granularity of what is going on in Gaza, UNICEF (United Nations Children's Fund) said that they are trucking water and supporting wells and desalination to reach 1.5 million people in Gaza, noting that the needs remain immense.
And our partners are also supporting the production or delivery of hundreds of thousands of meals and bread bundles every day.
[...] Yesterday, we were asked about the situation at the crossings, and I can tell you that on the Israeli side of the Kerem Shalom crossing and the Kissufim crossing were closed for us on Monday — with priority given to the exchange of Israeli hostages and Palestinian detainees — which meant that no cargo could be offloaded and that only limited supplies could be collected.
Yesterday, [...] our teams were [able] to collect cargo from those crossings inside Gaza to support health, water, hygiene, sanitation and food operations.
We hoped to have an update on what happened actually today, but I don't have that as of yet.
Our teams are required, I can tell you, to coordinate their movements inside Gaza with the Israeli authorities in fewer areas, compared to previous weeks. Yesterday, all seven such humanitarian missions were facilitated, with only one impeded on the ground, although that mission was nevertheless accomplished. Through those coordinated movements, teams collected supplies from crossings, as we said, and advanced the clearance of the road to Zikim crossing, in the north, in anticipation of that opening.
**Yemen
Turning to Yemen, just a quick note from the Office of the Special Envoy, Hans Grundberg, who concluded today a visit to Riyadh. There, he met with both the Saudi and Emirati Ambassadors to Yemen, as well as ambassadors of the five permanent members of the Security Council and other members of the international diplomatic community.
During all his meetings, the Special Envoy discussed the continued detention by Ansar Allah of our colleagues, as well as those from diplomatic missions and NGO (non-governmental organization) personnel, stressing that such actions obstruct humanitarian operations and hinder peace efforts. And just a reminder that 53 of our colleagues continue to be detained arbitrarily by the Houthis.
Grundberg also noted that the recently brokered ceasefire in Gaza opens a window of opportunity to reinforce regional stability.
**South Sudan
Just to note that Jean-Pierre Lacroix, the head of Peace Operations, is visiting South Sudan and Abyei from today until 17 October.
While in South Sudan, he will meet with senior Government officials, leadership from the peacekeeping mission (UNMISS) and staff, as well as members of the UN country team and civil society. Discussions are expected to focus on the implementation of the peace process and the role of the mission in supporting national priorities for peace and stability. He will also discuss the impact of the liquidity situation on UNMISS operations and the consequent impact on mandate implementation.
During his time in the region, Mr. Lacroix plans to travel to Abyei to visit the UN Interim Security Force for Abyei, otherwise known as UNISFA, and meet with peacekeepers and mission leadership there.
**Sudan
Turning north to Sudan and the deteriorating situation in that country, where civilians continue to bear the brunt of the fighting. Our colleagues at the Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) warn of a worrying escalation in violence against civilians in El Fasher, the besieged capital of North Darfur.
El Fasher is now effectively under siege from all directions, and that's what local sources are telling us. The city's remaining residents are facing critical shortages of food and water. Markets are largely empty, and prices of the few goods still available have skyrocketed. Humanitarian access remains extremely limited, as earthen barriers around the city are preventing movement of both people and supplies.
To make matters worse, earlier this [week], local responders in El Fasher also reported the closure of additional community kitchens, which had been serving as a last line of support for many families.
Meanwhile, in other parts of Sudan, insecurity continues to displace families. In Blue Nile State, for instant, nearly 200 people fled their homes in the locality of Tadamon on 11 October, as fighting spread across the area. The situation remains tense and remains fluid, with humanitarian partners closely monitoring conditions on the ground.
At the same time, cholera crisis continues to claim lives. Since July last year, the Ministry of Health has reported more than 3,400 deaths and nearly 122,000 suspected cases of this waterborne disease.
Infection rates are rising across all states in the Darfur region, where cholera is spreading rapidly among communities already devastated by the conflict, by hunger and by collapsing health services. The fatality rate is well above emergency thresholds, and funding for the response is running out.
We once again urge all parties to the conflict to uphold their obligations under international humanitarian law, protect civilians and allow safe, sustained and unimpeded humanitarian access to all those in need.
We call on donors and the wider international community to urgently step up support for the people of Sudan. OCHA says that the $4.2 billion humanitarian appeal for this year in Sudan is less than 27 per cent funded, with $1.1 billion received.
**Mozambique
Turning to Mozambique, our OCHA colleagues tell us that in the north of the country, people continue to face a sharp rise in escalation of violence with new waves of displacement in the provinces of Cabo Delgado and Nampula. According to our humanitarian colleagues, the number of incidents involving civilians has nearly doubled between this year and last year, with 633 incidents recorded so far since the beginning of January.
Our humanitarian colleagues say that the sharp rise in kidnappings, in killings and [use of improvised explosive devices] since the start of the year has put 2025 on track to surpass the previous years in the number of incidents of violent attacks.
This surge has also triggered new displacement. According to our partners, between 22 September and yesterday, more than 90,000 people have been displaced across Cabo Delgado province and some parts of Nampula province.
Our humanitarian colleagues tell us that civilians have reported abductions, killings and widespread destruction of property across several districts. Earlier this month, armed groups looted food and other relief items and burned more than 45 homes and a school, health facility and shops in Nampula province. Civilians were also reportedly abducted and killed during these attacks.
We, along with our humanitarian partners, continue to support the response, despite the challenges and limited funding. WFP provided food to newly displaced people and UNICEF provided therapeutic food to support hundreds of children experiencing severe acute malnutrition.
This renewed surge in conflict, following months of intensified insecurity and three major cyclones earlier in the year, has further stretched humanitarian capacity.
The $352 million Humanitarian Needs and Response Plan for Mozambique is just over 21 per cent funded, with $75 million in cash received so far.
**Ukraine
Also, just turning to Ukraine, our humanitarian colleagues there tell us that hostilities continue to impact civilians and civilian infrastructure, including health facilities, across Ukraine.
On 13 October, a hospital in the city of Kharkiv was heavily damaged, injuring seven patients and prompting emergency evacuation. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), more than 50 people experienced acute stress reactions as the hospital's roof was destroyed, windows shattered, and medical equipment damaged. Nearly 100 patients had to be relocated to safer facilities.
Our Human Rights Monitoring Mission in Ukraine, which visited the site, reported that about 120 patients and 10 medical staff were present when a glide bomb struck. Our humanitarian partners quickly mobilized to assist, evacuating patients, offering support and distributing hot meals.
Our humanitarian colleagues also note that the conflict has had a devastating impact on Ukraine's health system. The country accounts for nearly half of all verified attacks on healthcare worldwide this year. WHO has verified 448 attacks on health care in Ukraine in 2025 — out of 1,070 globally.
Meanwhile, amid intensifying hostilities, authorities announced a mandatory evacuation of families with children from 40 settlements in the Kupiansk area of Kharkiv, where more than 600 children are expected to be relocated. Humanitarian organizations are supporting evacuation efforts, ensuring safe transport and providing aid at [transit] and collective sites.
We, along with our partners, also continue to support the response across the country. From January to August of this year, our partners provided water, sanitation, and heating [support] to 3.2 million people. This included repairs to water systems serving 1.3 million people and emergency water for 800,000 people.
Our humanitarian colleagues note that access to safe water remains critical in Ukraine, as damaged systems threaten both drinking water and access to heating ahead of winter.
**Haiti
Turning to Haiti, not far from these shores and a grim situation there. The International Organization for Migration (IOM) today said that the number of people displaced by violence and instability in Haiti has reached an unprecedented level, with more than 1.4 million people forced from their homes this year. The IOM's latest Displacement Tracking Matrix (DTM) report says that this marks the highest figure ever recorded in Haiti and represents a 36 per cent increase since the end of 2024.
The report shows that the crisis is spreading well beyond Port-au-Prince. IOM pointed out that 64 per cent of new displacements have occurred outside of the capital city, particularly in the Centre and Artibonite departments, continuing a trend observed in previous assessments. IOM warns that the existing displacement sites are overcrowded and experience shortage of basic services, and spontaneous displacement sites have gradually increased from 142 in December to 238 today.
In response to this complex and rapidly evolving crisis, IOM has expanded its operations beyond the metropolitan area, strengthening its presence in provincial areas impacted by these displacements.
**Carbon Dioxide
I just want to flag a World Meteorological Organization report today that shows that carbon dioxide (CO2) levels in the atmosphere soared by a record number to new highs in 2024, committing the planet to more long-term temperature increase. The WMO Greenhouse Gas Bulletin said continued emissions of CO2 from human activities and an upsurge from wildfires were responsible, as well as reduced CO2 absorption by "sinks" such as land ecosystems and the ocean.
According to the report, concentrations of methane and nitrous oxide, which are the second and third most important long-lived greenhouse gases related to human activities, have also risen to record levels.
WMO Deputy Secretary General Ko Barrett warned that the heat trapped by CO2 and other greenhouse gases is turbo-charging our climate and leading to more extreme weather. He stressed that reducing emissions is therefore essential not just for our climate but also for our economic security and community well-being.
**International Day of Rural Women
Lastly, today is the International Day of Rural Women.
On this Day, we celebrate the women and girls who feed communities, protect the environment, and drive sustainable development. Advancing their rights and empowerment is not just justice, it's investing in a stronger and better future.
**Questions and Answers
Spokesman: On that note, I will take your questions. Edie, then somebody else.
Question: Thank you, Steph. Tom Fletcher said yesterday we faced further setbacks, and you talked about the difficulties at Kerem Shalom. Were there any other specific difficulties and setbacks that happened yesterday?
Spokesman: Well, as I said, we were challenged in picking up things from the crossings yesterday. I think we are in, I would say, increased discussions with COGAT and look forward on just having a system that allows for more aid to flow through more crossings. I think we're still... everyone is still trying to adapt to the new realities on the ground, which, I'd say, the new positive realities given that we have a ceasefire, and we just hope that things can move forward at a better pace.
Question: And was the UN given any reason for the closures yesterday? Was it Hamas's failure to return a significant number of bodies?
Spokesman: Well, I think as I said, part of it was that some of the crossings were used during the transfer of remains. Obviously, there was the issue that was reported of the Israelis cutting down the number of aid. So there's still challenges. There's still, let's be honest, quite a bit of confusion. But I think we and we hope all the parties are working together in the same spirit.
Question: And a follow-up on another item that you mentioned. You talked about what's happening in Cabo Delgado and Madagascar. Does the Secretary-General have any reaction to the military coup that took place yesterday?
Spokesman: Yes. We're very concerned about what we've seen as the unconstitutional change of power in Madagascar. He calls on all the stakeholders in Madagascar to work together to reach a peaceful settlement to the ongoing crisis and its root causes. He reiterates the readiness of the UN to continue to collaborate with Madagascar, the African Union and the Southern African Development Community for the restoration of peace and stability in the country.
I'll go to Michelle, because I was so rude to you earlier.
Question: Thank you, Stéphane. Just to follow up on Gaza, when it comes to the area inside the Yellow Line controlled by Hamas, what is the UN involvement with Hamas? Has Hamas kind of asserted control over this area? Are they requiring the UN to coordinate with them on what you're doing? What's the situation?
Spokesman: Look, as anywhere in the world, we have to work with the de facto authorities, which we do there. Obviously, things are simpler because, as mentioned, we do not have to do the security coordination with the Israeli security authorities. So our movements are much more free, though obviously, the physical challenges remain, given the state of the roads, the rubble and so forth.
Question: So what coordination is required?
Spokesman: I don't think there's not... I'm not aware of any real coordination that is needed with the de facto authorities on that. Gabriel, then Dezhi and Abdelhamid.
Question: Thank you, Steph.
Spokesman: And Amelie, did you have... she asked, okay. Sorry, go ahead.
Question: That's right. Thank you, Steph. A US official in Washington tells Al Jazeera that despite threats by Israel to lower the number of trucks going into Gaza, that more than 600 got in today. You cannot confirm that, right?
Spokesman: I don't... Those numbers have just not percolated up to us in New York at this point.
Question: Okay. Thank you. And as you know, the ceasefire agreement calls for the establishment of an international stabilization force. I know you've been asked about this. We're very early on in the process. However, there are many Member States that want the Security Council to legitimize this force. Was the Secretary-General able to get any clarity on that when he was in Sharm el Sheikh? [cross-talk]
Spokesman: Well, I mean, we've seen the reports of a push by a number of Member States to do exactly what you said. It is clear that any decision by the Security Council is up to Member States themselves. It is also clear at the same time that any unified voice and mandate or endorsement, whatever word you want to use, by the Security Council on such a force would vastly increase its legitimacy.
Question: Could I get one more?
Spokesman: Why should you be different than anyone else, Gabriel?
Question: As you know, tomorrow is World Food Day, a General Assembly-mandated day of observance. A group of UN employees work in this building, most of them work in this building, United Staff, for Gaza wanted to hold a small commemoration for this day tomorrow in the garden, the North Garden area. They were told by the UN they are not allowed to. Does the Secretary-General... what does the Secretary-General feel about that decision? [cross-talk]
Spokesman: I think the Secretary-General appreciates the sentiments, I think, that a lot of UN staff [have] about what is happening in Gaza. UN staff are international civil servants. They have to observe a number of staff rules when they work for the UN. And I think our focus is on doing whatever we can in our jobs for the people of Gaza, and we'll continue to do that. Dezhi, then Abdel Hamid, then Linda.
Question: First few very quick follow-up. As I understand, there's no very pretty much significant surge of humanitarian aid inside Gaza so far. Is that correct?
Spokesman: There is more humanitarian aid...
Question: But there's no significant surge.
Spokesman: I think we're arguing over words. More aid is coming in. We're trying to get even more aid in.
Question: I mean the... [cross-talk]
Spokesman: But obviously, the last 24 hours, 36, have been challenging. I think I'll go back to my answer to Edie. We're all trying to live with this new situation, and we're trying to find ways to severely increase the aid that goes in through more crossings with more volume.
Question: Two things. First, there's a report that Israel might agree to open Rafah border crossing. Is that what's happening now?
Spokesman: I have no information about UN trucks going through Rafah today. I can only speak about today. I think it's very... it's unwise to predict what will happen tomorrow. But we, of course, would like to see Rafah and other crossings open.
Question: So far, 300 trucks, is that still the limitation?
Spokesman: Again, I understand your need for facts. I think there is still a lot of uncertainty out there. As I said, I hope as the days go by, we will be able to have a better stream of information and of facts that can come up here from the region.
Question: One last thing. You were in Egypt for past few days. People now talking about the second phase of this ceasefire deal, the disarmament of Hamas. What is the sentiment in Sharm El Sheikh in Egypt about the disarming of Hamas, and what's the position from the UN?
Spokesman: Look. I was not in Egypt as a reporter, so I'm not going to talk to you about what the sentiment was in the room. There was an agreement that the parties agreed to. It is important that the parties live up to that agreement. Abdelhamid?
Question: Thank you, Stéphane. I have also three questions. First, we start with the Secretary-General visit to Egypt. If you can tell us a little bit more details whom he met, how did he talk, what is his impression about the seriousness of the parties? And did the visit to Gaza occur to him while he was there?
Spokesman: Yes. I mean, listen, a visit to Gaza has occurred to him since the beginning of this conflict. As you know, he'd been to Gaza, I think, in 2017. We went in 2017. So he's been there, and of course, he would like to go at the first available opportunity. The parties were not... well, I mean, President [Mahmoud] Abbas was in Sharm, but there was no Israeli representation. There was no Hamas representation. I think there is... what he came out of it was a seriousness of the international community to ensure that this moves forward in a positive manner.
Question: My second question about shooting. I mean Israel shot and killed three Palestinians today in Shuja'i neighbourhood of Gaza. And yesterday or the day before, they killed five. So in fact, as some reports came from Gaza, there is no real 100 per cent ceasefire. Israel is still shooting and killing Palestinians. Are you aware of this? [cross-talk]
Spokesman: We've seen the reports from our human rights colleagues. No one, I think, least of all us, have said that the situation is rosy. There's still Israeli troops in Gaza. We've also seen some actions by the de facto authorities against other Palestinian civilians, which we're very concerned about. These are the first days of a ceasefire after a brutal, brutal two-year conflict.
Question: Last. Two Moroccans from the Sumud Flotilla still held by Israel, one called Aziz Ghali and the other called Abdel Adin bin Abdul Raui. They're still held, arrested in Israel. Many of those who participated in the flotilla had been let go, except those two Moroccans.
Spokesman: I haven't seen those reports. I do hope, if they are correct, that everybody who was involved will be able to go home. Linda?
Question: Apropos these questions...
Spokesman: Hold your microphone a little closer. Thank you.
Question: Sure. You mentioned that the human rights organizations are monitoring what's going on in Gaza. Are they also monitoring now that Hamas is in charge of a certain part of it? Are they monitoring the behaviour... [cross-talk]
Spokesman: I mean, human rights colleague will continue to report on the human rights situation in Gaza. I'm going to get to you in a second. Yes, go ahead, Namo
Question: Thank you, Steph. I have two questions. The first one on climate change. I don't know if you have seen that editorial in The Wall Street Journal yesterday. It's basically lambasting the United Nations for levying the ultimate in taxation without representation on everyone around the world. The global climate tax, that's what it says. And this has gone viral on social media with the US officials retweeting it. What is this global climate tax, exactly?
Spokesman: Any decisions on levies would have to be taken by Member States. It's not up to the Secretary-General or the UN to impose a tax. What is clear is that we will need sustained financing to deal with climate mitigation and with the impact of climate, especially in the world's poorest countries.
Question: My second question, sorry. It's been on Türkiye. It's been a few months since the PKK decided to... or responded to a call from its jailed leader to lay down its weapons, but no real progress has happened since then, and the PKK is yet to disarm. I'm just wondering if the Secretary-General has been in touch with Turkish officials to encourage them to put an end to this decades-long conflict.
Spokesman: I don't have an update for you on that. We will try to get something for you. Yes, sir?
Question: Thank you so much. My name is Prosper [inaudible]. I'm a reporter from Goma, eastern Democratic Republic of Congo, and I'm a Dag Hammarskjöld fellow. I want to know, peace initiatives are under way to defuse the security and humanitarian crisis in eastern DRC, but violence continues in the eastern Congo, and rebels are taking large swerves in the east of the DRC. More recently, they have taken a decision to ban all visas issued by Kinshasa in areas that they occupy, meaning they have said that all visas that are issued by Kinshasa are invalid in their zones, especially in eastern DRC. How will UN agencies, especially humanitarian ones, will deal with this situation? Have you any worry when M23 rebels say that all visas that will be issued by Kinshasa are invalid? Thank you.
Spokesman: Thank you, and welcome. I can tell you that, obviously, we continue to be concerned by the M23 presence in parts of the eastern DRC. Our humanitarian colleagues and our peacekeeping colleagues deal with the M23 as de facto authorities, like I mentioned about other parts of the world. We very much hope that the UN will be able to do its work, especially its humanitarian work, wherever it needs to and however it needs to. Alex?
Question: Thanks, Steph. Firstly, do you have anything to share on the ceasefire agreement between Pakistan and Afghanistan?
Spokesman: I had not seen that report, but I will get back to you on that. You're one leg on top of me.
Question: Sure. May have one more? All right. The President of Syria...
Spokesman: What if I said no...?
Question: Maybe. President of Syria is in Moscow. Got any comments on that?
Spokesman: Look, I think Mr. [Ahmed] Al-Sharaa's presence in Moscow is an important one. It is important that, I think, Syria stabilize its relations, not only with its neighbours, but with all countries that have had relations with and influence in Syria. Yes, sir?
Question: Thank you, Steph. Israel said yesterday that one of the parties Hamas handed over to Israel was not that of a hostage. And Israel halted the opening of Rafah Crossing. So does the United Nations consider that a violation of the ceasefire?
Spokesman: Look, we are not an official monitor of the ceasefire. So it's not for us to say what is a violation, what is not a violation. My understanding is that this was, at least from media reports, that this was done in error, and we very much hope that the deceased, the bodies of the remains of deceased hostages, Israeli deceased hostages and other nationalities, will be returned as quickly as possible in the most dignified manner.
Question: Thank you, Steph. And the second question, please?
Spokesman: Yes, please.
Question: Is Hamas still active in Gaza? And is Hamas involved in the distributing of the aid? [cross-talk]
Spokesman: No, UN aid is distributed by the UN or trusted partners that we've worked with. Farnaz?
Question: I just wanted to ask, since the start of the ceasefire between Israel and Hamas and the plea that you and Tom Fletcher have made for Member States to give more money to this effort, has there been any donations from Member States?
Spokesman: I will check on the donation side. We have seen that there is more aid going in from Turkey, from Jordan, from Egypt that doesn't go through the UN system. And as we've always said, there's more than enough work for everybody, and we welcome the bilateral aid that is also being distributed as well as private sector activities outside of the UN system. Okay. Iftikhar? And then we'll go to our guests.
Question: So my question has been asked. Thank you very much.
Spokesman: Okay. We'll go to our guests. I'm told that Mr. Ross from WFP will also take questions on Gaza and the logistics as well. All right. So we want to welcome our friends, Jean-Martin Bauer and Ross Smith. If we could put them on the screen, please.
|
NEWSLETTER
|
| Join the GlobalSecurity.org mailing list |
|
|
|
