Project 22350 Admiral Sergei Gorshkov - Program
The head frigate of the project 22350 "Admiral Gorshkov", finally commissioned on 28 July 2018, began to be built at the "Northern shipyard" back in 2006. This is the first large surface combat ship, laid down after the collapse of the USSR. The frigate was going to be the first long-range maritime zone ship built for Russian Navy after 15-year break.
"Gorshkov" was supposed to join the fleet back in 2016, but its transfer was repeatedly postponed due to the unavailability of individual systems. There was also a need to test the main weapon again - the Polyment-Redut missile system. Numerous inter-naval crossings actually turned the ship into a floating laboratory," the head of the USC, Alexei Rakhmanov said at the time, noting precisely the complexity and ambition of this project. The ships of the series following the "Gorshkov" were also delayed due to the lack of power plants, which were produced in Ukraine.
The project of these frigates was developed at the Northern Design Bureau in the early 2000s. This is the first large warship designed in Russia after the collapse of the Soviet Union. In the mid-2000s, the fleet was in dire need of updating its ship composition. The average age of surface ships was about 20 years, the simultaneous presence of different types of combat units of the same class in the ranks caused great problems with supply and repair. So, at that time, the Navy consisted of eight patrol ships of seven different projects.
The basic design of the ship was approved by Naval Command in July 2003. The design was developed by Severnoye PKB (Nothern Design Bureau) FSUE (St.-Petersburg). Project 22350 developed under Northern Design Bureau Director General V.I.Spiridopulo, General Designer V.E.Yuhnin, chief designer of the project - P.M.Shrayko, and chief inspector of the Navy - AV Yuhnin.
Military officials planned to start a tender for the lead ship construction at the beginning of 2002. However, at that time the ship was not included to the state defense order. The first contract for the construction of a Project 22350 frigate was signed by the RF Ministry of Defense with the Severnaya Verf shipyard in St. Petersburg on October 21, 2005. Subsequently, two more contracts were signed with this enterprise - March 25, 2010 (for three ships) and March 17, 2011 (for four). Deliveries under these contracts are expected to be completed by 2025.
On 13 April 2005 the Russian Navy announced a tender for the construction of the first new Project-22350 frigate. A contract is usually awarded after a tender. All of Russia's main shipbuilding enterprises planned to participate in the tender, but there was no doubt that Severnaya Verf will be the winner of the tender for the construction of the Project 22350 frigates. In May 2005 it was reported that the keels of a new frigate [and a new large amphibious landing ship] were to be laid 31 July 2005 on Navy Day, according to Admiral Vladimir Kuroyedov, commander-in-chief of the Russian Navy. At that time it was reported it would take three or four years to complete one frigate, if this project gets regular appropriations. But experts had some misgivings about the 31 July deadline, since a contract is usually awarded after a tender, but as of late May 2005, no tender had been laid out and no keel was laid down.
At the Navy Show in St.Petersburg in June 2005, Anatoly Shlemov, the Chief of the Department for Orders and Supply of ships, Navy Missiles and Military Hardware of the Ministry of Defence announced that that the tender participants were Severnaya Verf, Baltic factory Yantar (Amber) and Sevmashpredpriyatiye (Nothern TYPEering Enterprise) FSUE. Baltic Plant also submitted a bid but it was withdrawn after the major shareholder of the enterprise - IST-Group - agreed with International Industrial Bank that military orders would be consolidated at Severnaya Verf.
On 21 October 2005 Ministry of Defence of the Russian Federation selected Severnaya Verf OJSC for the construction of the flagship frigate for Russian Navy, with estimated cost of $320-400 million. The determination of a layout for the Project 22350 next generation far sea zone escort ship was an important event for the shipbuilding sector during 2005. Subsequently two more contracts were signed with the same company: March 25, 2010 on three ships and 17 March 2011 on the four ships. It is expected that deliveries under these contracts will be completed by 2018.
The lead frigate of Project 22350 was laid down at the Northern Wharf on 01 February 2006. At that time, its completion date was announced as 2009, and later reports said the Russian Navy was going to receive the flagship frigate by 2010. But by mid-2006 it looked as though it would be finished in 2011. Only 100 million rubles was allotted in the 2006 state defense order for it. The ship was named after Commander-in-Chief of the USSR Navy Segei Gorshkov, Admiral of the Fleet of the Soviet Union. As of early 2007 the first of the class continued under construction.
Founding the Admiral Gorshkov frigate was a crucial event for the Russian Navy and Russia as a whole, according to Andrei Kokoshin, a State Duma legislator and an ex-Secretary of the Russian Security Council. "The importance of the event extends outside the Navy, since it is equally crucial for the Armed Forces and Russia as a whole, as well as Russia's military power and national security," Kokoshin said. He emphasized that the ship would be the first large surface ship to be built in Russia after the breakup of the USSR. "Until now we only completed large surface ships, founded during Soviet times. Russia also built destroyers and frigates for China and India, but it is the first such ship for the Russian Navy," Kokoshin said.
On 24 June 2009 Russian Navy Commander Adm. Vladimir Vysotsky said the construction of a second Admiral Gorshkov class frigate will begin this year in St. Petersburg. "We will start construction of the second frigate at this shipyard in addition to existing orders under the state arms procurement program," Vysotsky said at the opening of the International Naval Show in St. Petersburg. The Severnaya Verf shipyard in St Petersburg said it would begin construction of a new frigate for the Russian Navy on 26 November 2009. The Admiral Kasatonov is a second Admiral Gorshkov class frigate designed to carry out long-range strike, anti-submarine and escort missions in distant maritime zones.
On 03 February 2012 the Project 22350 Admiral Golovko frigate was laid down in St. Petersburg. The Golovko is the third vessel in the Project 22350 class. The first one – Admiral of the Fleet of the Soviet Union Gorshkov – hit the water in October 2010 and the second (Admiral of the Fleet Kasatonov) was scheduled to be launched in 2012.
In 2005 discussion was about the construction of the first ship of the series; however, the Navy hoped to obtain up to ten analogous frigates over the next decade. The Navy is looking at three variants in the order for Project-22350 frigates: the optimistic variant foresees the construction of 10-15 ships; the pragmatic variant sees 5-6; the realistic variant foresees 3-4. The plan was to distribute the ships equally between the Northern and Pacific Fleets.
Further orders for frigates building will be also distributed through tenders. In early 2005 it was reported that the Russian Navy expected to commission 10 frigates in this class until 2015. In early 2006 it was reported that the Navy needed about 10-20 Project 22350 frigates by 2015. In July 2006 Konstantin Lantratov, Reporter for Kommersant Daily, reported that Vladislav Putilin, the deputy chairman of the Military-Industrial Commission, said that under the Russian State Armaments Program for 2007-2015 the Navy would receive three Project 22350 multipurpose frigates. By 2007 it was reported that the Russian Navy was going to have three or four frigates built by 2015. According to the commander-in-chief of the Russian Navy, Admiral Vladimir Masorin, Russia's Navy intended to procure up to 20 such ships.
As of 2012 contracts provided for the building of eight Project 22350 frigates (including the Gorshkov and the Kasatonov) and eight Project 20385 corvettes (the Gremyashchy will be the first). Project 22350 frigates (multi-role offshore patrol vessels) are believed to be the core of Russia’s new Navy. In the early 2000s, when this project was accepted as promising, the number of vessels to be built was 30. It is difficult to appraise such Napoleonic plans, but the approach has not changed: the volume of construction anticipated as of 2012 was up to 20 units over the next 15 to 20 years.
To do the math, completion of 20 units within 20 years would require an average production rate of one per year. The three units that had been laid down by mid-2013 had been laid down at three year intervals. Building at this rate would produce no more than half a dozen frigates by the year 2025.
Laid down in 2006, Admiral Sergei Gorshkov would not commission until 2014, taking eight years to complete. Admiral Kasatonov, laid down in 2009, was slated to commission in late 2014, after five years effort. The completion date for Admiral Golovko, laid down in 2012, is uncertain, as is that for Admiral Isakov, anticipated to be laid down in late 2013. But the former might take four years to complete, and the latter three years [the normal interval]. Assuming a sustained production rate of one a year, the objective force of 20 ships might be in service by around the year 2032.
The Russian Navy expected to receive more than 15 frigates of Project 22350 and its modifications 22350M, Navy Commander Admiral Viktor Chirkov told reporters 12 December 2014. "In the near term, the Navy expects to receive more than 15 frigates of Project 22350 and Project 22350M modifications. These ships will form the basis of the Navy ship groupings in the Arctic zone, the Atlantic and the Mediterranean," Chirkov said. On 12 December 2014, "Severnaya Verf" in St. Petersburg launched the frigate "Admiral Kasatonov" - the second representative of the project 22350. The lead ship of a series of "Admiral Gorshkov" was at that time being tested in the sea. According to the Commander, Navy planned to put it into operation in 2015.
Construction of the "Admiral Gorshkov" was delayed due to the unavailability of individual systems. There were problems with the new Hurricane SAM system. Reportedly the problem was a shortage of engineers in the development team for the Navy system. Being displeased with execution of the contract for ship-based 100-mm gun mounts A-190 Universal by JSC Arsenal Machinery Plant (St. Petersburg), in 2011 Russian Navy found another executor – Burevestnik Central Research Institute (Nizhniy Novgorod). Complaints of the Navy's officials were about both quality of gun mounts and protractions of deliveries. Things went so bad that the Navy Commander-in-Chief Admiral Vysotsky visiting Severnaya Verf shipyard told shipbuilders and designers that the Navy would have to buy guns in the West if nothing improved.
Mooring trials for the first unit the project 22350 frigate "Admiral Gorshkov" took place in May 2013. The ship was planned to pass the Defense Ministry in November 2013. The ship had long standing" under steam. The problem was the delayed delivery of 130-mm artillery installation A-192 from KB Arsenal, without which it is impossible to conduct a full test of the frigate in the Baltic Sea especially in marine firing ranges of the Baltic Fleet.
Project 22350 frigate "Admiral Gorshkov" will go into battle fleet in November 2015 after the completion of the test, Navy Commander Viktor Chirkov said 18 January 2015. "The first stage of testing in the past year is over, now we are preparing for the second phase. In the month of November," Admiral Gorshkov "will be adopted in the fleet," - he said. "Admiral Gorshkov" first came to the test in November 2014. The frigate could take into trial operation in early 2015.
Project 22350 frigate head "Admiral Gorshkov" will be the next phase of testing on marine ranges of the Northern Fleet. About this TASS reported on 02 April 2015 from a source in the Russian "defense industry". "While the ship is in St. Petersburg, the company" Severnaya Verf". He is preparing for the second phase of tests to be conducted on the northern ranges," - a spokesman said, without specifying the date of release of the frigate.
Frigate Project 22350 new generation of "Admiral Gorshkov" completed the transition and arrived at the White Sea naval base of the Northern Fleet. He told reporters 30 September 2015 representative fleet Vadim Sergey. According to him, currently the frigate moored at one of the piers of Severodvinsk. "In the near future, the crew of the frigate project head 22350, together with representatives of the industry will begin public testing of the ship in combat training ranges of the Northern Fleet in the White Sea", - said Sergey.
The trip from Baltiysk lasted eight days. During this time the ship crossed about 3 thousand nautical miles, the crew of the frigate and industry tested the ship's navigation systems, communications, detection and navigation.
The representative of the Navy noted that the Baltic Fleet, where the frigate was based earlier, the ship successfully passed the stages of factory test run. There were also high-speed, maneuvering and vibration tests of the ship. On the sites of the Baltic Fleet naval ship has successfully completed the artillery and rocket fire, and worked in conjunction with anti-task naval aviation of the Baltic Fleet.
Bookmark of the lead ship took place February 1, 2006. It was expected that by the end of 2015, after the completion of state tests, the ship would enter the combat strength of the Russian Navy.
Frigate "Admiral Gorshkov" the head in a series of ships of the project 22350, would join the Navy Russia only in 2016, the deputy commander of the Navy armament Victor Bursuc said 18 December 2015. The Admiral Gorshkov frigate, the lead ship of its class, is expected to join Russia’s Navy in December 2016, Deputy Navy Commander Vice Adm. Alexander Fedotenkov told reporters on 18 March 2016 . "In the end of the year, in December," he said answering a correspondent's question.
The Admiral Gorshkov is the first in a series of six Project 22350 frigates to be produced by Severnaya Verf shipyard in St. Petersburg under a contract for the Russian Defense Ministry.
A series of six frigates of Project 22350 is to replenish the combat strength of the Naval Fleet of Russia by 2025, the head of the Defense Ministry of the Russian Federation Sergey Shoigu said 04 May 2016. "Six of these ships should join the Navy by 2025. They will be equipped with modern weapons and the latest management tools.", - the minister said at a conference in the office.
"Admiral Gorshkov" was founded in early 2006 and launched in the fall of 2010. In November 2014 the ship first came to the test. The second representative of the series, "Admiral Kasatonov", was launched in 2014, the descent of the third ship, named "Admiral Golovko", was expected in 2016.
Russian Navy until the end of 2020 will receive two frigates of the project 22350 with the new anti-aircraft missile and artillery system with several types of guided missiles. This was announced by Russian Defense Minister Sergei Shoigu on a conference call 07 March 2017. "The third thematic issue dedicated to the creation of an anti-aircraft missile and artillery systems and anti-aircraft long-range guided missile. Before the end of 2020 in the Navy will include two new frigates of Project 22350, equipped with modern strike complexes "Caliber" and "Onyx". Air defense of ships must ensure that the new anti-aircraft missile and artillery system with several types of guided missiles ", - he said.
The head of the project 22350 frigate "Admiral Gorshkov" was founded in early 2006 and launched in autumn 2010. In November 2014 the ship first came to the test. Transfer the fleet is scheduled for the end of July 2017. The second ship of the series, "Admiral Kasatonov", was launched in 2014, the launch of the third ship, named "Admiral Golovko", was expected in 2017.
Terms of delivery to the Russian Navy of the newest frigates were under threat because of the backlog with the development of missile systems. This was reported 24 March 2017 by Deputy Defense Minister Yury Borisov. "Due to the untimely performance by the Almaz-Antey concern of the development works Polymet-Redut and Shtil, the terms of delivery of the 22350 Admiral Gorshkov and 11356 Admiral Makarov ships are in jeopardy, Borisov said. Admiral Gorshkov "was laid in early 2006 and launched in the fall of 2010. The ship was first tested for testing in November 2014. The second ship of the series," Admiral Kasatonov", was launched in 2014, the launch of a third ship, which was named Admiral Golovko, was expected in 2017. According to the president of the United Shipbuilding Corporation (OCK), Alexei Rakhmanov, Admiral Gorshkov would be handed over to the Russian fleet at the end of July 2017.
Russia's naval fleet expects to receive the second Project 22350 frigate "Admiral Kasatonov" in 2018, according to the head of department of shipbuilding of the Russian Navy Vladimir Tryapichnikov. "Admiral Kasatonov" plan to enlist in the Navy in 2018, "- he said 16 May 2017. Transfer the four frigates of Project 22350 is planned for the period until 2025, after which the project will be modernized, he said. We plan to get up to 2025 four frigates type" Admiral Gorshkov ", and then on the Navy's plans to modernize this project," - he said, adding that upgrading will be essential.
The running tests of the second (the first serial) frigate project 22350 "Admiral Kasatonov" will begin in the summer of 2018. This was reported by the press service of the Severnaya Verf plant 08 November 2017. "At the end of November shipbuilders of the" Northern Shipyard "will begin to present the frigate" Admiral of the Kasaton fleet "to representatives of the brigade of construction and repair ships. After accepting the order, the crew will pass a training course that will last two to three months, after which, approximately in February 2018 , the crew will begin landing on the "Kasatonova." The order trials of the order are planned for early summer, "the shipyard reported.
"Severnaya Verf" had already made a trial launch of the main engines of the main power plant of the frigate. The tests of single and parallel operation of four ship diesel generators were also carried out. "The ship has put into operation medical and galley units, equipment of cabins and cabins, a wardroom and a dining room, sanitary facilities," the press service said.
The president of the United Shipbuilding Corporation (OIC) Alexei Rakhmanov told Tass 05 July 2018 that " ... there are all chances to raise the St. Andrew's flag on the ship in the next few weeks. The inspection and finishing of the "Gorshkov" has practically passed. Over the past winter, it was possible to correct all technical shortcomings, plus the maintenance of the mechanisms required after over 50 thousand miles at sea. As soon as the military will say that all the systems on the ship are ready, it will be immediately transferred to the Navy..... The second ship of the series, "Admiral Kasatonov", was supposed to be given this year, but due to the fact that the lifting of the flag on the "Gorshkov" was postponed, we simply do not physically have time to prepare the next ship. The delay in the delivery of the head ship always automatically shifts the delivery of the second month by eight. It turns out that now we are targeting October-November 2019."
The second frigate of the project 22350 "Admiral Kasatonov", built at the St. Petersburg shipbuilding enterprise "Severnaya Verf", went to sea trials. This Tass reported on 21 December 2017 in the press service of the enterprise. “The frigate Admiral Kasatonov went to sea to conduct sea trials. They will last until the New Year,” the press service said. During the tests, it is intended to test the ship’s systems from the power plant and electrical equipment to the navigation system, survivability and crew rescue.
The frigate "Admiral Kasatonov" is the second (first serial) ship of the project 22350. Earlier in July 2018 the lead ship of this type, the Admiral Gorshkov, entered the fleet. Two more frigates of this series, the Admiral Golovko and Admiral Isakov, are under construction at the Northern Shipyard.
Specialists of the shipyard "Severnaya Verf" are preparing the frigate "Admiral of the fleet of Kasatonov" for a new stage of sea trials, which are scheduled for spring. The frigate was planned to be handed over to the fleet by the end of the year, the press service of the enterprise told reporters on 15 January 2019. At the end of December 2018, the first stage of the frigate sea trials was completed. Then a number of shipboard systems were tested - life support, energy and survivability, autonomous operation of radio equipment, communications, ventilation and air conditioning, as well as indicators of speed, maneuverability, stability of the ship.
“Now the frigate has begun preparations for the spring phase of the running gear. During its first outing, the ship passed more than 500 miles, the transfer team checked the work of the main power plant at a speed of 26 knots ... years, "- said in a statement. It is noted that according to the results of the first stage of testing, the excellent handling of the ship was noted. However, due to the ice situation at the end of December, it was not possible to test the course of the frigate at maximum speed. This task will be completed in the next step.
Two frigates of project 22350 were built at the Severnaya Verf shipyard. The Admiral of the Fleet of the Soviet Union Gorshkov has been in the Northern Fleet since July 2018. The frigate "Admiral of the Fleet Kasatonov" completed the tests and is preparing to transfer the fleet. Under construction at the Severnaya Verf shipyard is the frigate Admiral of the Fleet of the Soviet Union Isakov. On April 23, 2019, two frigates of the modernized project 22350 were laid at the Severnaya Verf shipyard. On 22 May 2020, the shipyards of the Severnaya Verf ship will launch the Caliber carrier, frigate Admiral Golovko, project 22350. Two more are expected to be laid in the near future.
The Russian Navy needs at least 10 frigates of project 22350, the construction of which is carried out at the Severnaya Verf shipyard (part of the United Shipbuilding Corporation). This was announced on 16 December 2019 to TASS by CEO of the company Igor Ponomarev. "The Navy needs such universal ships of the ocean zone, the fleet’s need is far from closed <...> Now, I’ll remind you, in the naval system only the leading frigate Admiral Gorshkov will be in operation, although the first serial frigate Admiral Kasatonov will soon join it But it’s about the need for a dozen or more units of such ships," he said. Ponomarev said that contracts for procurement campaigns for two more laid down frigates, Admiral Amelko and Admiral Chichagov, are being worked out. "These two frigates are the continuation of the series of ships of the project 22350," said the general director of Severnaya Verf. According to him, "no fundamental changes are planned in them."
The frigate of project 22350 "Admiral Kasatonov" was accepted into the Russian fleet. This was announced to reporters on 21 July 2020 by the official representative of the Russian Navy, Captain 1st Rank Igor Dygalo. "By the order of the commander-in-chief of the Russian Navy, Admiral Nikolai Evmenov, the newest frigate of project 22350" Admiral Kasatonov "was accepted into the Navy," he said. The ceremony of accepting the ship into the fleet and raising the Andreevsky flag on it took place on the roadstead of the Neva, where the ship came to participate in the Main Naval Parade.
Deputy Prime Minister Yuri Borisov announced the state's need for a larger number of frigates 22350, which is not surprising. Taking into account the fact that together with the already built ones, only 8 have been laid down, somewhere else it is necessary to build 12 pieces. Today frigates are being built only at the Severnaya Verf. Tests of the domestic gas turbine engine on the frigate Admiral Golovko will take place no earlier than 2021.
So the laying of new frigates can be expected no earlier than 2022. If the construction period is 6 years with two ships per year, then the end of the entire series can be expected no earlier than 2034. And these are the most optimistic terms. Otherwise, the involvement of other shipyards will be required.
Severnaya Verf (part of the United Shipbuilding Corporation) was building 9 ships and 10 vessels under contracts concluded earlier. This was announced to TASS 21 June 2023 during the International Maritime Defense Show (IMDS-2023) by the Director General of the enterprise Igor Orlov. According to open sources, six Project 22350 frigates were currently under construction near the plant - Admiral Golovko, Admiral Isakov, Admiral Amelko, Admiral Chichagov, Admiral Yumashev, and Admiral Spiridonov.
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