SH-2 Seasprite

The SH-2G helicopter was last flown by the US Naval Reserves and was retired in the spring of 2001.

The SH-2G Super Seasprite series are used aboard Navy fast frigates. The helicopters are used to perform a range of operations from anti-submarine warfare and anti-surface combat to anti-ship missile defense, anti-ship surveillance and targeting, and mine hunting. Secondary missions run the gamut from medical evacuation to search and rescue, and personnel and cargo transfer. The Super Seasprite was used in support of multiple Naval Reserve missions. At the end of FY 1998 there were 13 SH-2G aircraft in the inventory. The SH-2G helicopter was flown by the US Naval Reserves, and was retired in the spring of 2001. At the end of FY 2001 three SH-60Bs transferred to a reserve squadron, where they replaced less capable SH-2G systems.

The SH-2 Seasprite is a multi-mission helicopter featuring dual General Electric T700 engines, which give the aircraft true single engine capability throughout any mission configuration and profile. Standard mission equipment in the US Navy configuration includes: the AN/UYS-503 acoustic data processor and a state-of-the-art sonobuoy processor that incorporates the best features of any Undersea Warfare (USW) equipment in the world today.

Equipment of the SH-2G includes an AQS-18A dipping sonar, an ARR-84 sonobuoy receiver, AQS magnetic anomaly detector, LN-66 radar and AKT-22 data link. Also, a 600 kg rescue hoist can be installed. Small arms mountings for guns and 2.75 inch rockets are available. Tactical data from the radar, Electronic Support Measures (ESM), acoustic processors, and Magnetic Anomaly Detector (MAD) are integrated through the MIL-STD 1553B data bus and displayed on the AN/ASN-150 tactical navigation set. This allows the crew to function simultaneously in a multi-mission battle space scenario including USW, Anti-Surface Warfare (ASuW), Anti-Ship Surveillance and Targeting (ASST), as well as utility functions such as search and rescue, vertical replenishment, and medical evacuation.

The maximum gross weight of the aircraft—13,500 pounds—gives this medium weight helicopter the unique ability to operate from the smallest combatants yet carry payloads that enable diverse mission loads and extended times on station. Options include: a dipping sonar (offered in the Egyptian configuration), Forward Looking Infra-Red (FLIR), missile systems, and helicopter self-protection equipment such as jammers, missile warning equipment, and chaff systems. The US Navy incorporated Magic Lantern, a laser-based mine detection system, in 1996.

A product of Kaman Aerospace Corporation of Bloomfield, CT, the SH-2 SeaSprite was originally developed in the mid-1950s as a shipboard utility helicopter for the Navy. Utilizing a unique blade flap design on the main rotors, aerodynamic action of the flaps allows the pilot to fly without the aid of hydraulic assistance. The original SH-2 Seasprite took off on July 2, 1959, and the US Navy over the years ordered various variants. In October 1972, the SH-2D LAMPS Mk I helicopter was accepted for Fleet usage.

By the late 1980's, the SH-60F was developed to begin replacing the aging SH-3 helicopter. The SH-60F included an improved dipping sonar system and coupled it to the airframe of the successful SH-60B LAMPS Mk III helicopter. The SH-60F helicopter provided inner zone protection of carrier battle groups. It extended and increased shipboard sensor and weapon capabilities against several types of enemy threats, including submarines of all types, surface ships, and patrol craft that may be armed with anti-ship missiles. Additionally, a standardized helicopter airframe for both LAMPS and inner zone protection missions yielded significant logistical savings. The final production procurement of the SH-2F was in FY86. The SH-2F was equipped with search radar, electronic support measures, magnetic anomaly detectors and an acoustic data link. The helicopter also carried active and passive sonobuoys. On 06 February 1992, Helicopter Anti-Submarine Squadron Light 37 (HSL-37) became the only U.S. Navy helicopter squadron to transition from the SH-2F Seasprite (LAMPS MK I) to the SH-60B Seahawk (LAMPS MK III). The squadron operated as a LAMPS MK I/III composite until 01 October 1993, at which time it completed the transition to the SH-60B.

A major upgrade to the SH-2F LAMPS I aircraft, the SH-2G affords state-of-the-art warfighting capabilities to ships unable to operate the SH-60B Seahawk. Planned improvements in avionics and drive train will significantly increase mission effectiveness, range, and endurance. The SH-2G is configured specifically to respond to the Light Airborne Multi-Purpose System (LAMPS) requirement of the United States Navy. The LAMPS concept extends the search and attack capabilities of carrier and convoy escort vessels over the horizon through the use of radar/ESM equipped helicopters.

Primary missions of the SH-2G are anti-submarine warfare (ASW)and anti-ship surveillance and targeting (ASST). Secondary missions include search and rescue, vertical replenishment, medical evacuation, communications relay, personnel transfer,surveillance and reconnaissance, post-attack damage assessment, and naval gunfire spotting. Armament systems consist of two search stores systems (sonobuoy's and marine location marker's), an external weapons/stores system for external fuel tanks or torpedoes, and a countermeasures dispensing system.

Work on the SH-2G began in the 1980s, and an engine testbed for the T700 engines, which replace the T58, flew in April 1985. A prototype with full avionics fit followed on 28. December 1989. First new production SG-2G was accepted into service with the US Navy Reserve Squadron HSL-84 at NAS North Island (San Diego) on February 25, 1993. The Naval Air Reserve operates 16 Super Seasprites. Eight each are assigned to HSL-84 at NAS North Island, CA, and HSL-94 at NAS Willow Grove, PA.

Helicopter Antisubmarine Squadron Light (HSL) 94, a reserve unit based at Naval Air Station Joint Reserve Base, Willow Grove, Pa., SH-2G aircraft are unique because of a new mine hunting capability called Magic Lantern. The Magic Lantern system is contained in a "pod" on the right side of the aircraft. Magic Lantern is a laser-based electro-optic system that's designed to detect mines at depths greater than the deepest draft of any vessel the U.S. Navy puts to sea. Magic Lantern uses a blue-green laser and six cameras that take pictures simultaneously at six different depths. A mine may be detected if the laser light is reflected or if shadows are detected at lower depths. A black spot appears to the operator on the digital imagery, meaning that the shadow was caused by some object above it. The object imaged -- whether by reflected light off the object or from the shadow -- may be a fish, or a mine, and that's where the next phase comes in. A computer filters out all contacts which aren't mine-like objects. Magic Lantern has mechanisms in its collecting phase and dissemination phase that are designed to take into account how dirty the water is, which is called the "k factor." Magic Lantern's technology greatly reduces the chance that a mine-hunting ship conducting towing operations will strike a mine. It will also offer the small and large combatants their own mine-hunting capability.

The first foreign sale of th SH-2G was announced in March 1995, when Egypt ordered 10 helicopters (all remanufactured from SH-2Fs). Official roll-out of the first SH-2G(E) was on October 21, 1997, although testing had been completed earlier. The first three machines will be used for flight training at Pensacola NAS before in-country delivery in April 1998. The helicopters will fly from frigates. Value of the deal is put at more than 150 million US-Dollars with support. Other international customers for the SH-2G are Australia (11) and New Zealand (4), which selected the Kaman helicopter after fierce competitions in January an March 1997 respectively. Contracts were signed in June, worth 600 million US-Dollars for Australia and 185 million US-Dollars for New Zealand (including training, spares and Maverick missiles). Deliveries to Australia are to start in the year 2001, and New Zealand will get its Super Seasprites from June 2000 for operation aboard ANZAC and Leander Class frigates. As an interim measure, SH-2Fs were delivered to the New Zealand Navy in 1997/98.