Military

• Disarm the mine.

-  Clear camouflage away from the mine carefully.
-  Assemble the band, the stop, and the safety-pin assembly on the fuse so that the pressure ring is immobilized.
-  Remove the extension rod.
• Check for AHDs.

-  Hold the mine firmly in place with one hand, without putting pressure on the fuse.
-  Feel for AHDs with the other hand by digging around the sides of and underneath the mine.
• Remove the mine.

-  Remove the mine from the hole.
-  Remove the fuse from the mine; use the extension rod if necessary.
-  Replace the end closure on the fuse.
-  Install the arming plug into the fuse well.

• Inspect the mine.

-  Do not use the mine if it is dented, cracked, or damaged.
-  Use the M20 wrench to remove the arming plug from the mine.
-  Inspect the fuse well for foreign material. If foreign material is present, turn the mine upside down and gently tap the bottom with your hand to dislodge the material. If you cannot remove the debris, replace the arming plug and do not use the mine.
-  Ensure that the booster retainer ring is seated in the fuse well. If the retainer ring is missing, replace the mine.
• Perform a function check with the arming plug.

-  Turn the setting knob to the ARMED position. Ensure that the shutter bar moves across the bottom of the arming plug (Figure A-21).
-  Turn the setting knob to the SAFE position. Ensure that the shutter bar moves back across the bottom of the arming plug (Figure A-22). NOTE: If the shutter bar does not go into the SAFE or ARMED position, notify the NCOIC.

• Fuse the mine.

-  Remove the M603 fuse from the metal shipping container and inspect it for serviceability. The green end of the detonator must show in the bottom of the fuse.
-  Remove the safety fork; use the hooked end of an M20 wrench if necessary (Figure A-23).

-  Insert the fuse into the fuse well carefully until it seats securely on top of the booster retaining ring.
-  Perform a clearance test using the tab end of the M20 wrench (Figure A-24).

NOTE: For long-term emplacement, smear a thin layer of silicone grease or similar lubricant on the arming plug, the threads, and the gasket.

-  Ensure that the setting knob is in the SAFE position.
-  Screw the arming plug into the mine by hand. Ensure a watertight seal by tightening the arming plug with the M20 wrench.
• Dig a hole to fit the mine.

-  Dig a hole deep enough so that the top of the pressure plate is about 3 centimeters below ground level.
-  Dig the sides of the hole at a 45-degree angle to prevent vehicles from bridging the mine (Figure A-25).

• Emplace the mine.

-  Place the mine in the hole.
-  Cover the mine with soil until it is level with the top of the pressure plate.
• Use the M20 wrench to arm the mine by turning the setting knob from the SAFE position to the ARMED position.
• Camouflage the mine.

-  Cover the mine with 3 to 5 centimeters of soil.
-  Camouflage the mine, place excess soil in sandbags, and remove sandbags from the area.
-  Give the safety clip to the NCOIC.

• Disarm the mine.

-  Clear the soil from the top of the mine carefully.
-  Hold the mine firmly in place with one hand, without putting pressure on the pressure plate.
-  Feel for AHDs with the other hand by digging around the sides of and underneath the mine.
-  Use the M20 wrench to turn the setting knob to the SAFE position.
• Remove the mine.

-  Remove the mine from the hole.
-  Use the M20 wrench to turn the arming plug counterclockwise, and remove the arming plug.
-  Remove the M603 fuse from the fuse well and replace the safety fork.
-  Install the arming plug.

The M19 AT mine (Figure A-26) is housed in a square, plastic case and holds 9.45 kilograms of Composition B (HE charge). It consists of an M606 integral pressure fuse and two secondary fuse wells--one in the side and one in the bottom. The fuse body contains a pressure plate, a Belleville spring, a setting knob, a step plate, a firing-pin assembly, and a detonator.

• The M19 is employed in tactical and nuisance minefields.
• The M19 is buried or surface-laid.
• The M19 requires a force of 157 to 225 kilograms to detonate.
• Standard FDs may be used with the M2 activator in any of the secondary fuse wells of the M19.

• Inspect the mine.

-  Do not use the mine if it is dented, cracked, or damaged.
-  Remove the M606 fuse from the fuse well by turning it counterclockwise a quarter turn (Figure A-27).
-  Ensure that the rubber gasket is on the M606 fuse.

-  Remove any foreign material from the fuse well.
-  Ensure that the setting knob is in the SAFE position and that the safety clip is in place.
-  Use the M22 wrench to remove the shipping plug from the detonator well.
-  Inspect the detonator well for foreign material. If foreign material is present, gently tap the pressure plate with your hand to dislodge the material.
• Test the position of the firing pin (Figure A-28).

-  Ensure that the firing pin is at the edge of the well when the setting knob is in the SAFE position.
-  Remove the safety clip.
-  Use the M22 wrench to turn the setting knob to the ARMED position. Ensure that the firing pin is in the center of the well.
-  Use the M22 wrench to turn the setting knob back to the SAFE position. Ensure that the firing pin moves back to the side of the well. NOTE: If the firing pin is not in the correct position when the setting knob is in the ARMED or SAFE position, notify the NCOIC.
-  Replace the safety clip.
• Use the M22 wrench to screw the M50 detonator into the detonator well.
• Use the M22 wrench to tighten the M606 fuse into the fuse well.
• Dig a hole to fit the mine.

-  Dig a hole deep enough so that the top of the pressure plate will be even with or slightly below ground level.
-  Dig the sides of the hole at a 45-degree angle to prevent vehicles from bridging the mine.
• Emplace the mine.

-  Place the mine in the hole.
-  Cover the mine with soil until it is level with the top of the pressure plate.
• Arm the mine.

-  Remove the safety clip.
-  Use the M22 wrench to turn the setting knob from the SAFE position to the ARMED position.
• Camouflage the mine.

-  Cover the mine with 3 centimeters of soil.
-  Camouflage the mine, place excess soil in sandbags, and remove sandbags from the area.
-  Give the safety clip and the shipping plug to the NCOIC.

• Disarm the mine.

-  Clear the soil from the top of the mine carefully.
-  Hold the mine firmly in place with one hand, without putting pressure on the pressure plate.
-  Feel for AHDs with the other hand by digging around the sides of and underneath the mine.
-  Use the M22 wrench to turn the setting knob to the SAFE position.
-  Replace the safety clip on the M606 fuse.
• Remove the mine.

-  Remove the mine from the hole.
-  Use the M22 wrench to remove the M606 fuse by turning it counterclockwise and lifting it out of the fuse well.
-  Use the M22 wrench to remove the detonator from the detonator well.
-  Replace the shipping plug in the detonator well.
-  Replace the pressure plate in the mine.

The M21 AT mine (Figure A-29) utilizes a direct-energy warhead that is designed to produce a K-Kill. It is used in conjunction with the M607 fuse. The M21 produces a K-Kill against heavy tanks, unless the mine is activated under the track. It can be buried with a tilt rod, or it can be surface-laid with or without a tilt rod. If the M21 is surface-laid with a tilt rod, it must be staked to prevent it from being knocked over and causing the warhead to be directed away from the target. The M21 is not compatible with any mechanical mine-dispensing system.

• The M21 requires a minimum of 130.5 kilograms of pressure to detonate.
• The M21 can be used with a tilt-rod assembly, requiring 1.7 kilograms of pressure on the extension rod to cause a 20-degree deflection.
• The M21 is the only conventional US AT mine with a direct-energy warhead.

• Insert the booster.

-  Use the screwdriver end of the M26 wrench (Figure A-31) to remove the closing plug from the bottom of the mine.

-  Inspect the booster well for foreign material. If foreign material is present, gently tap the top of the mine with your hand to dislodge the material. If you cannot remove the debris, replace the closing plug and do not use the mine.
-  Insert the M120 booster (with the washer side toward the fuse) into the booster well.
-  Replace the closing plug with the M26 wrench.
• Fuse the mine.

-  Remove the shipping plug from the fuse well with the M26 wrench.
-  Inspect the fuse well for foreign material. If foreign material is present, gently shake the mine to dislodge the material. If black powder falls out of the fuse well or you cannot remove the foreign material, do not use the mine.
-  Remove the closure assembly from the M607 fuse with the M26 wrench. Ensure that the gasket remains in place on the fuse.
-  Screw the fuse hand-tight into the fuse well.
• Dig a hole to fit the mine.

-  Dig a hole deep enough so that the top of the mine will be at ground level (Figure A-32).

-  Check the bottom of the hole to ensure that the ground is solid enough to support the mine. If necessary, place a flat object under the mine to provide a firm foundation. Allow additional depth for the object.
• Emplace the mine.

-  Place the mine in the hole.
-  Cover the mine with soil until it is level with the top of the mine. Ensure that no soil falls around or under the plastic collar.
-  Press the soil firmly around the sides of the mine.
• Assemble the extension rod. NOTE: For pressure operation, do not use the extension-rod assembly.

-  Screw the extension rod onto the M607 fuse.
-  Ensure that the extension rod is pointing straight up.
• Arm the mine.

-  Squeeze the end of the cotter pin together on the pull ring.
-  Remove the cotter pin by holding the fuse firmly in one hand and pulling the pull ring with the other hand.
-  Remove the band and the stop slowly and carefully from the neck of the fuse (Figure A-33).

• Camouflage the mine.

-  Camouflage the mine with twigs, grass, or other material in the area. Place mines with extension rods in tall grass, if possible. Ensure that no pressure is applied to the tilt rod or the fuse.
-  Place the excess soil in sandbags and remove them from the area.
-  Give the band, the stop, the pull ring, the shipping plugs, and the closure assembly to the NCOIC.

• Disarm the mine.

-  Clear the camouflage away from the mine carefully.
-  Attach the band and the stop to the fuse.
-  Insert the cotter pin into the band and the stop. Spread the ends of the cotter pin.
-  Remove the extension rod.
• Check for AHDs.

-  Hold the mine firmly in place with one hand, without putting pressure on the fuse.
-  Feel for AHDs with the other hand by digging around the sides of and underneath the mine.
• Remove the mine.

-  Remove the mine from the hole.
-  Remove the fuse from the mine.
-  Install the closure assembly on the fuse.
-  Install the shipping plug into the fuse well of the mine.
-  Remove the closing plug from the bottom of the mine.
-  Remove the booster from the mine.
-  Install the closing plug into the booster well.

An FD performs the function of a mine fuse by providing an alternative means to detonate the mine. It is normally used in conjunction with a standard fuse so that a mine will have two separate explosive chains. The purpose of the second firing chain is to prevent the enemy from disarming or removing mines after emplacement. When used for this purpose, the FD is call an AHD and it is designed to function by detonating the attached mine or another explosive charge nearby if unauthorized personnel attempt to remove or tamper with the mine. NOTE: US forces will not employ AHDs on AP mines. Both the M19 and the M15 have two secondary fuse wells for attaching an FD and an activator.

There are two standard US FDs--M5 pressure release and M142 multipurpose. They utilize a spring-loaded striker and a standard base and are designed to function in one or more of the following modes:

• Pressure.
• Pressure release.
• Tension.
• Tension release.

The M5 FD (Figure A-34) is activated by the release of pressure. Lifting or removing a restraining weight releases the striker to fire the cap.

• Case: Metal.
• Color: Olive-drab.
• Length: 445 millimeters.
• Width: 239 millimeters.
• Height: 175 millimeters.
• Internal action: Mechanical with hinged striker release.
• Initiating action: Removal of restraining weight, 2.25 kilograms or more.
• Accessories: Pressure board.
• Safeties: Safety pin and hole for interceptor pin.
• Packaging: Four complete FDs and four plywood pressure boards are packaged in a paper carton, five cartons are packaged in a fiberboard box, and 10 fiberboard boxes are shipped in a wooden box.

• Dig a hole deep enough to bury the mine on a firm foundation. The pressure plate should be slightly above ground level.

• Remove the protective cap from the standard base. Assemble the FD.
• Use a coat hanger as a positive safety pin. Place the mine in the hole. Leave enough room to remove the pins.
• Bury and camouflage the mine.
• Arm the mine.
• Remove the locking safety pin (Figure A-35).

• Remove the positive safety pin (interceptor pin). NOTE: If the positive safety pin is difficult to remove or if you hear a click when removing the locking safety pin, carefully remove the mine and replace the FD.

• Uncover the mine carefully and inspect it for tampering. Locate and carefully uncover the FD.

• Insert the positive safety pin into the interceptor hole, and then insert the locking safety pin into the safety-pin hole.
• Disarm and remove the mine. Recover the FD.

The M142 FD (Figure A-36) can be designed to function in the following modes:

• Pressure (11 kilograms or more).
• Pressure release (between 2 and 67 kilograms).
• Tension (3 kilograms or more).
• Tension release.

Although primarily intended for booby-trap applications, the M142 can be readily adapted as an AHD. The M142 comes with a coupling device and a primer that accepts a standard nonelectric blasting cap. The initiating action sets off an explosive chain that passes from the FD and the primer to the blasting cap, and then via the detonating cord to the main charge. However, the coupling device with the primer will not initiate the detonating cord alone without a blasting cap attached, and it is not adaptable to any activator or secondary fuse well. When the M142 is used as an AHD, the coupling device is removed and an M1 or M2 standard base is used.

• Case: Plastic.
• Color: Olive-drab.
• Diameter: 190.5 millimeters.
• Length: 571.5 millimeters.
• Internal action: Spring-driver striker.
• Safeties: Positive safety pin, square-head pivot pin, round-head pivot pin, and alternative safety-pin hole.
• Accessories: Nail and screw fasteners, coupling assembly, tension-release attachment, 15-meter spool of trip wire, and vinyl instruction sheet.
• Packaging: Round, metal can containing FD with accessories.

Arming and disarming procedures vary based on the activation mode. Detailed instructions are printed on a weatherproof, vinyl sheet included in each FD package.

When FDs are employed with M15 and M19 AT mines, they require the use of an M1 or M2 activator.

Activators are essentially detonator boosters that are designed to magnify the explosive force generated by an FD with a standard base and transfer the force to the main charge. Activators may be used with either type of FD to supply an AT mine with a secondary fuse for antihandling purposes. The M1 activator is used with the M15 AT mine, and the M2 activator is used with the M19 AT mine. The activator also performs the function of an adapter for attaching the FD to the mine. One end of the activator is threaded externally for insertion in the secondary well of the mine; the other end is threaded internally to receive the standard base coupling of the FD.

The M1 activator (Figure A-37) is 54 millimeters long (with cap), is made of olive-drab plastic, contains a detonator, and has a threaded closing plug and a gasket. It has a cylindrical, unthreaded cap that is cemented to the opposite end of the body and contains a tetryl booster charge. The threaded end, which screws into the mine, is 25 millimeters in diameter.

Its overall length, with cap, is 53 millimeters.