103d Congress Report
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 2d Session 103-499 NATIONAL DEFENSE AUTHORIZATION ACT FOR FISCAL YEAR 1995 May 10, 1994.-Committed to the Committee of the Whole House on the State of the Union and ordered to be printed Mr. Dellums, from the Committee on Armed Services, submitted the following REPORT together with ADDITIONAL AND DISSENTING VIEWS [To accompany H.R. 4301] [Including cost estimate of the Congressional Budget Office] The Committee on Armed Services, to whom was referred the bill (H.R. 4301) to authorize appropriations for fiscal year 1995 for military activities of the Department of Defense, to prescribe military personnel strengths for fiscal year 1995, and for other purposes, having considered the same, report favorably thereon with amendments and recommend that the bill as amended do pass. The amendments are as follows: The amendment to the text of the bill is a complete substitute therefor and appears in italic type in the reported bill. The title of the bill is amended to reflect the amendment to the text of the bill. EXPLANATION OF THE COMMITTEE AMENDMENT The committee adopted an amendment in the nature of a substitute during the consideration of H.R. 4301. The remainder of the report discusses the bill, as amended. PURPOSE The bill would- (1) Authorize appropriations for fiscal years 1995 through 1999 for procurement and for research, development, test and evaluation (RDT&E); (2) Authorize appropriations for fiscal year 1995 for operation and maintenance (O&M) and working capital funds; (3) Authorize for fiscal year 1995: (a) the personnel strength for each active duty component of the military departments; (b) the personnel strength for the Selected Reserve for each reserve component of the armed forces; (c) the military training student loads for each of the active and reserve components of the military departments; (4) Modify various elements of compensation for military personnel and impose certain requirements and limitations on personnel actions in the defense establishment; (5) Authorize appropriations for fiscal year 1995 for military construction and family housing; (6) Authorize appropriations for fiscal year 1995 for the Department of Energy National Security Programs; (7) Modify provisions related to the National Defense Stockpile; and (8) Authorize appropriations for fiscal year 1995 for civil defense. RELATIONSHIP OF AUTHORIZATION AND APPROPRIATIONS Importantly, the bill does not generally provide budget authority. The bill authorizes appropriations. Subsequent appropriation Acts provide budget authority. The bill addresses the following categories in the Department of Defense budget: procurement; research, development, test and evaluation; operation and maintenance; working capital funds; military personnel; and military construction and family housing. The bill also addresses civil defense preparedness and Department of Energy National Security Programs. Active duty and reserve personnel strengths authorized in this bill and legislation affecting compensation for military personnel determine the remaining appropriation requirements of the Department of Defense; however, this bill does not provide authorization of specific dollar amounts for personnel. SUMMARY OF AUTHORIZATION IN THE BILL The President requested budget authority for $263.7 billion for the National Defense budget function for fiscal year 1995. Of this amount, the President requested $252.2 billion for the Department of Defense (including $8.4 billion for military construction and family housing) and $10.6 billion for Department of Energy National Security Programs and the Defense Nuclear Facilities Safety Board. The committee recommends an overall level of $262.8 billion in budget authority. This amount is a reduction of approximately $900 million from the amount requested for the National Defense function by the President. The Committee's recommendation is largely consistent with, though somewhat below, the amounts established in the House-passed Budget Resolution for fiscal year 1995. SUMMARY TABLE OF AUTHORIZATIONS The following table provides a summary of the amounts requested and that would be authorized for appropriation in the bill and (in the column labeled "Budget Authority Implication of Committee Recommendation'') the committee's estimate of how the committee's recommendations relate to the budget totals for the National Defense function in the Budget Resolution. For purposes of estimating the budget authority implications of committee action, the table reflects the numbers contained in the President's budget for proposals not in the committee's legislative jurisdiction. Offset Folios 8 to 10 Insert here ***TABLE GOES HERE*** RATIONALE FOR THE COMMITTEE BILL The committee again has faced the task of authorizing national defense programs in a time of transition to a post-Cold War era and in a time of uncertainty about the nature of future military threats. The committee's efforts to make wise policy choices about how best to prepare for the challenges that lie ahead have been made more difficult because of budgetary constraints. The future holds instability in many parts of the world. The volatility that has characterized the process of change in nations that once comprised the Soviet Union continues unabated. Because of the presence of nuclear weapons in many of these countries and the prospects for proliferation, the U.S. interest in stabilization, disarmament, and the development of democratic governmental institutions is paramount. The committee continues to support initiatives designed to provide assistance to these nations in order to reduce chances for the spread of nuclear weapons and foster democratic reforms. Similarly, the committee has closely followed developments on the Korean peninsula, in the former Yugoslavia, in Somalia, and in Haiti. These examples of potential or ongoing regional conflicts highlight the importance of developing a national military establishment that can respond effectively to disparate operational demands. The nature of the military response to disputes in these regions also underscores the need for American military forces to be prepared to participate in multilateral operations under the auspices of the international community to an unprecedented degree. Provisions in this bill, such as the establishment of a separate budget account to fund contingency operations, including peacekeeping operations, represent modest attempts to respond to this new reality. The Bottom Up Review (BUR) has been an important but incomplete guideline for the committee in shaping the military force structure to respond to future contingencies. The accuracy of many of the predicate assumptions for the BUR has been questioned and the affordability of the force structure contemplated by the BUR is uncertain. The review also has failed to a adequately take into account important factors influencing force structure decisions, such as what military contributions from allies should be counted given the constraints of politics and national interests that limit unilateral U.S. action. While the BUR represents a credible attempt to design the country's force structure, the committee is not yet satisfied that the BUR is the sine qua non for our future force structure as the Department of Defense has suggested. Before the committee can fashion a defense force that fully meets the national security requirements of the nation, reviews of other elements of our national defense-including nuclear policy, conventional bomber requirements, defense industrial base needs, and service roles and missions-must be completed. The programs, personnel authorizations, and operational requirements funded in this year's defense bill represent a good faith effort to move toward the BUR's notion of a force structure capable of responding to two, relatively simultaneous major regional contingencies but without blindly following the precepts of that review. Because past history shows that the readiness of our forces is a key to success on the battlefield, the committee has worked hard to authorize operations and maintenance resources sufficient to ensure a high state of readiness for our military. The goal is to avoid the "hollow force'' of the mid-1970s, in which a large force structure was funded but operational requirements were not. The committee bill will permit the smaller force driven by a tight fiscal environment to have the equipment, supplies and support needed for a robust training and operational tempo. Cocomitantly, the committee has endeavored to ensure that the nation's military personnel receive the support they need in order to be able to serve the country but still maintain an adequate living standard. Thus, the committee authorized funding for a full 2.6 percent pay raise and has included other provisions aimed at preserving the quality of life our service members now enjoy. The committee also is examining the Department of Defense's commitment to equal opportunity and treatment. This examination has shown a perception among many service members that individuals who raise complaints of unfair treatment, sexual harassment or discrimination will be subjected to retaliation. In an effort to afford protection to those who disclose unequal opportunity and treatment, the committee bill includes a provision to protect these individuals from retaliatory personnel actions. The committee expects to legislate further in this area once its review is completed later this year. The committee also continues its effort to support policies aimed at protecting against the economic dangers to our national security. Emphasis on defense conversion, including support for dual use technologies, the Technology Reinvestment Program and loan guarantees for qualifying businesses helps ensure that the economic component of national defense stays strong. The bill's authorization of research and technology programs also contributes to a stable technology base and force modernization program, despite a declining budget. The bill authorizes important initiatives in electronics and seeks to improve the nation's space launch capability. The committee this year has undertaken to reduce the practice of earmarking-including provisions in legislation that authorize or appropriate grant money or contracts not requested by the President for the benefit of specific, non-federal government educational institutions, laboratories, companies, and other entities. The bill includes provisions designed to restrict earmarks unless such spending is part of the President's budget request, result from a competitive selection process, or are important to national security. The committee's intent is to prevent earmarks from impeding the wise expenditure of scarce defense resources in pursuit of our overall strategic objectives. A few words must be said about provisions that are not included in the reported bill. Because of the way the federal government operates, a number of programs are paid for and executed with resources from both the Department of Defense and the Department of State. For instance, the President's budget requested funding for, inter alia, programs to reduce the threat of weapons proliferation in the republics of the former Soviet Union and to provide humanitarian assistance and disaster relief in those countries and elsewhere. Unfortunately, the House Committee on Foreign Affairs, with which the Committee on Armed Services shares legislative jurisdiction concerning these programs, was unwilling to work through any policy differences between the two committees and requested that H.R. 4301 be sequentially referred to that committee. Because of the tight time constraints under which the bill is proceeding through the House, such referral was not possible, and many worthwhile programs requested by the Administration had to be removed from the bill despite expressed support from them from committee Members. This committee will endeavor to add those provisions back to the bill when the measure is considered on the floor of the House. The many geopolitical uncertainties in the world today have made the committee's on-going analysis of the critical elements of our national security strategy more difficult. For this reason, the committee again has elected to write a one-year authorization bill. The committee's bill is generally consistent with the budgetary priorities requested by the Administration for national defense for fiscal year 1995, but the bill includes changes to those priorities where the committee disagrees with the approach to an issue suggested in the Administration's request. These changes are noted in issue discussions contained in the report. The committee looks forward to continuing to work with the President and Secretary of Defense as they move to complete their overall analysis of United States defense needs and arrive at a more comprehensive, integrated and long term view of future force structure and spending requirements. HEARINGS Committee consideration of the Defense authorization bill for fiscal year 1995 gave full weight to the changing national security situation in light of recent world events. The committee believes it has given full and deliberate consideration to this critically important subject. The bill is the result of extensive hearings that began on February 2, 1994 and that were completed on April 28, 1994. The full committee conducted 18 sessions, including markup meetings. In addition, a total of 62 sessions were conducted by six different subcommittees and three panels of the committee on various titles of the bill. CONSIDERATION OF AMENDMENTS SUBMITTED TO THE COMMITTEE In an attempt to improve and expedite the process for consideration of the Defense authorization bill on the floor, the Rules Committee encouraged all Members contemplating amendments to the bill to present such amendments to the committee for consideration prior to committee markup of the legislation. This process would ensure that all issues received full and thoughtful consideration before being offered as amendments to the defense authorization bill when it is on the floor. Accordingly 45 Members submitted 87 amendments to the committee for consideration. In addition, the committee considered over 338 letter requests from 274 Members in its markup. Thus, many potential floor amendments were resolved at the committee level; others that were not adopted were at least discussed, defined and developed, thus ensuring a more meaningful floor debate. DIVISION A-DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE AUTHORIZATION TITLE I-PROCUREMENT AIRCRAFT PROCUREMENT, ARMY OVERVIEW The budget contained $1,041.6 million for Aircraft Procurement, Army in fiscal year 1995. The Committee recommends authorization of $1,301.5 million for fiscal year 1995. The Committee recommends approval for authorization as requested except for those programs adjusted in the following table. Some adjustments are without prejudice and based on affordability, others are discussed in more detail. Offset Folios 17 to 18 Insert here ***TABLE GOES HERE*** ITEMS OF SPECIAL INTEREST Guardrail common sensor The budget request contained $5.0 million for Guardrail common sensor and $26.9 million for modifications for fiscal year 1995. The statement of managers accompanying the conference report on the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1994 (Public Law 103-160) (H. Rept. 103-357) directed the creation of a Department-wide tactical reconnaissance office to consolidate and manage the numerous manned and unmanned intelligence collection systems within the Department, including the U-2, RC-135, EP-3E, ES-3a, RC-12, and F/A-18D aircraft program. The committee notes that the fiscal year 1995 defense airborne reconnaissance program (DARP) did not include the Guardrail common sensor program. Accordingly, the committee recommends authorization for the Guardrail common sensor and modification program for fiscal year 1995 within the DARP under Procurement, Defense Agencies. AH-64 Apache attack helicopter The budget request contained $5.6 million for the AH-64 Apache helicopter program for fiscal year 1995. The committee understands that there is a potential seven-month production break in the AH-64 Apache helicopter program between the last AH-64A delivery and the first AH-64C delivery. This gap is a result of a planned foreign military sale not materializing and delay in the AH-64C development program. The committee is not convinced that the Army needs additional Apache helicopters, but it is concerned about the effect of a production break. Moreover, the committee has learned of a production break. Moreover, the committee has learned that the cost of a production break would exceed the cost of continued low-rate procurement. Accordingly, the committee recommends authorization of $77.6 million to procure 6 AH-64A aircraft for fiscal year 1995. The committee recommends a legislative provision (sec. 111) that would repeal current law to permit this procurement. TH-67A new training helicopter (Creek) The budget request contained no funding for the TH-67A new training helicopter for fiscal year 1995. The committee has learned that the Army may not complete its 157 aircraft program. The committee believes that stopping the program at 137 aircraft is shortsighted in view of the Army's plans to use this aircraft for some 30 years and the potential for attrition during this period. The potential impact on training and readiness for the Army aviation is worrisome and avoidable. Therefore, the committee directs the Secretary of the Army to re-validate its requirement for the new training helicopter and to budget for additional helicopters in fiscal year 1996 if appropriate. OH-58D armed AHIP scout helicopter (Kiowa Warrior) The budget request contained $111.8 million to upgrade AHIP helicopters to the armed AHIP configuration. It did not include a request for additional AHIP conversions. The committee notes that the Army inventory posture of 317 aircraft is well below the requirement for over 450 aircraft. Considering delays in the RAH-66 Comanche helicopter development program, the committee believes that it would be shortsighted to discontinue AHIP procurement with less than seven persent of the requirement achieved. Therefore, the committee recommends authorization of $336.8 million for fiscal year 1995, an increase of $225.0 million for 36 OH-58D armed AHIP aircraft. The committee recommends a legislative provision (sec. 111) that would repeal current law to permit this procurement. ARMY MISSILES OVERVIEW The budget request contained $594.0 million for Missile Procurement, Army in fiscal year 1995. The committee recommends authorization of $685.1 million for fiscal year 1995. The committee recommends approval of authorization as requested except for those programs adjusted in the following table. Some adjustments are without prejudice and based on affordability, others are discussed in more detail. OFFSET FOLIOS 22 INSERT HERE ***TABLE GOES HERE*** ITEMS OF SPECIAL INTEREST Avenger air defense missile system The budget request contained $13.8 million for procurement of the Avenger air defense program for fiscal year 1995. The committee understands that the Army does not plan to buy the last lot of Avenger systems from the current milti-year production contract. The committee also understands that the Marine Corps has a requirement for this system. The committee notes that last year Congress provided $32.5 million for advance procurement to support planned Army production this year. Accordingly, the committee recommends no authorization of the Avenger missile system for the Army in fiscal year 1995. Furthermore, the committee directs the Secretary of the Army to apply $13.2 million of fiscal year 1994 advance procurement (or materiel) to meet the advance procurement requirements for the fiscal year 1995 Marine Corps buy. Residual fiscal year 1994 advance procurement funds may be used to support ongoing production and other program management costs. Javelin advanced anti-tank weapon system (AAWS-M) The budget request contained $131.1 million for procurement of 374 Javelin advanced anti-tank weapon system-medium (AAWS-M) missiles for fiscal year 1995. The committee is concerned that total program costs for the Javelin missile system are increasing dramatically. Worse, the committee finds that the contractor's overhead rates applied to other programs in other services are among the highest in the industry. The committee believes that most of the Javelin cost growth, and a significant amount of the high contractor overhead rates being absorbed by all services, can be attributed to the Army's inability to sustain adequate budgets for the Javelin program. Accordling, the committee recommends authorization of $214.0 million for procurement of 872 Javelin missiles for fiscal year 1995, an increase of $82.9 million. Moreover, the committee directs the Secretary of the Army, in cooperation with the Secretaries of the Navy and Air Force, to take appropriate actions to reduce the contractor overhead rate. The committee expects that these actions will include budgeting for future procurement of Javelin at efficient production rates. Multiple launch rocket system (MLRS) The budget request contained no funding for the Multiple Launch Rocket System for fiscal year 1995. The committee is convinced that the Army does not need additional current design rockets, but remains concerned about the impact of a possible production break in the follow-on extended range MLRS (ER MLRS) program. The committee believes that the Army can satisfactorily manage this problem by restructuring the fiscal year 1994 program. Accordingly, the committee recommends no authorization for the MLRS rocket system for fiscal year 1995. The committee directs the Secretary of the Army to restructure the fiscal year 1994 program to, as a priority, reduce the risk of adverse impact on the ER MLRS program as a consequence of a production break. WEAPONS AND TRACKED COMBAT VEHICLES, ARMY OVERVIEW The budget contained $919.8 million for procurement of Army weapons and tracked combat vehicles for fiscal year 1995. The committee recommends authorization of $942.9 million for fiscal year 1995. The committee recommends approval of authorization as requested except for those programs adjusted in the following table. Some adjustments are without prejudice and based on affordability, others are discussed in more detail. Offset Folios 26 to-Insert here ***TABLE GOES HERE*** ITEMS OF SPECIAL INTEREST M1 Abrams tank upgrade program The budget request contained $122.2 million for procurement of the M1 tank upgrade program for fiscal year 1995. This program will upgrade 686 older model M1 tanks to the current M1A2 configuration, which is a major element of the Army's modernization plan. The committee understands that the M1A2s will be able to communicate digitally with other tanks, helicopters, battle command vehicles, Bradleys and other platforms. The committee is concerned that the current M1A2 configuration will not have the margin of growth, the enhanced electronic processing or the memory required for this digitalized communication requirement. In response to this concern, the committee recommends a research and development digital battlefield account to address this and other enhancements necessitated by the digitalized battlefield. Accordingly, the committee recommends authorization of $122.2 million for the M1 Abrams tank upgrade program for fiscal year 1995. Spares and repair parts The budget request did not include spares and repair parts for fiscal year 1995. The committee has learned that a production break for the Bradley Fighting Vehicle (BFV) V903 engine is likely. The implications on readiness of having no engine production are troubling. Therefore, the committee recommends authorization of $10.2 million for 294 V903 engines for fiscal year 1995. Tank engine industrial base The committee is concerned that tank engines, an element of the tank industrial base, have not been adequately provided for in the Department's industrial planning. The committee notes that the Secretary of Defense has established a Defense Science Board task force (DSBTF) to study the tracked vehicle industrial base including the tank engine. Absent the task force's findings, the committee believes that the Department may need to take action to preserve the tank engine industrial base in fiscal year 1995 and notes the availability of prior year funds for this purpose. If the DSBTF findings indicate a need to support the tank engine industrial base beyond fiscal year 1995, the Secretary of the Army is directed to program funds as necessary in fiscal year 1995. Small arms industrial base The budget request contained no funding for either the M-16A2 rifle or the M249 squad automatic weapon (SAW) for fiscal year 1995. The committee is concerned that the Army's small arms acquisition plans do not reflect a commitment to maintaining an industrial base capable of adequate surge production or even meeting its own acquisition objectives. Moreover, the committee notes that the report by an independent assessment panel of the Army Science Board recommended a modest level of annual procurement for small arms. Therefore, the committee recommends $13 million for $26.8 million, respectively, for procurement of M-16A2 rifles and M249 SAWs. The committee expects the Army to budget for these weapons in its fiscal year 1996 request. AMMUNITION, ARMY OVERVIEW The budget request contained $844.6 million for Army Ammunition procurement in fiscal year 1995. The committee recommends authorization of $854.8 million for fiscal year 1995. The committee recommends approval of the request except for those programs adjusted in the following table. Some adjustments are without prejudice and based on affordability, others are discussed in more detail. Offset Folio 30 Inserts here***TABLE GOES HERE*** ITEMS OF SPECIAL INTEREST 120 millimeter tank ammunition The committee has learned that the Army plans to move the Load-and-Pack (LAP) operation for 120 millimeter tank ammunition from the Milan Army Ammunition Plant to another Army ammunition plant. The committee does not understand the rationale for this action and questions the cost-effectiveness of such a move. Accordingly, the committee directs the Secretary of the Army to maintain the 120 millimeter tank ammunition LAP operation at the Milan Army Ammunition Plant until the Secretary certifies to the congressional defense committees that it would be cost-effective to perform this function elsewhere. Furthermore, the Secretary must wait until 30 days after making the certification to move the LAP operation. Depleted uranium ammunition In the statement of managers accompanying the conference report on the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1994 (Public Law 103-160) (H. Rept. 103-357), the conferees directed the Secretary of the Army to provide the congressional defense committees with a report regarding who would bear the responsibility for environmental remediation of a site owned and operated by a contractor who made depleted uranium tank ammunition if the Army terminates the contract. The committee has not yet received that report. The committee directs the Secretary to provide this report to the congressional defense committees by February 1, 1995. 2.75" Hydra 70 rocket The budget request included $107.9 million for procurement of 2.75" Hydra 70 rockets. With the termination of the Advanced Rocket System (ARS) (discussed in Title II of this report), the committee believes that the Department of Defense needs to improve its current rocket to meet joint service requirements. The committee has learned that non-developmental warheads and hypervelocity motors are available and could be incorporated into the Hydra 70 system for all services. Accordingly, the committee directs the Secretary of the Army to produce, and qualify for operational use, an improved rocket based on the Hydra 70 system as a successor to the ARS. This effort shall be undertaken as an engineering change proposal (ECP) to the current Hydra 70 rocket using non-developmental items. The Secretary is also directed to procure 2.75" rockets using competitive procedures that include consideration of the improved rocket. The committee recommends authorization of the amount requested. Provision of industrial facilities The budget request contained $44.4 million for provision of industrial facilities for the ammunition industrial base in fiscal year 1995. The committee is concerned about the munitions industrial base, the Army's management of the munitions accounts, war reserve, training ammunition requirements and the impact on national security. Therefore, the committee directs the Secretary of Defense to establish a Defense Science Board task force on the ammunition industrial base. The task force shall determine the ammunition industrial base's ability to support U.S. forces fighting two major regional conflicts nearly simultaneously. The Secretary shall submit the task force's findings to the congressional defense committees no later than September 1, 1995. The committee recommends authorization of $44.4 million for provision of industrial facilities for the ammunition industrial base for fiscal year 1995. OTHER PROCUREMENT, ARMY OVERVIEW The budget request contained $2,690.2 million for Other Procurement in fiscal year 1995. The committee recommends authorization of $2,651.2 million for fiscal year 1995. The committee recommends approval of the request except for those programs adjusted in the following table. Some adjustments are without prejudice and based on affordability, others are discussed in more detail. Offset Folios 34 to 37 Insert here ***TABLE GOES HERE*** ITEMS OF SPECIAL INTEREST Family of medium tactical vehicles (FMTV) The budget request contained $382.7 million for procurement of 3,535 medium tactical vehicles for fiscal year 1995. The committee has learned that the FMTV program is experiencing testing difficulties with over 50 deficiencies documented and that corrective actions have been identified. Nevertheless, the committee is concerned that the planned twenty-fold production rate increase over last year cannot be achieved without producing a large number of vehicles requiring retrofit of corrective fixes. Accordingly, the committee recommends authorization of $332.7 million for 2900 vehicles for the FMTV program for fiscal year 1995. Battlefield combat identification system (BCIS) The budget request contained no funds for the battlefield combat identification system (BCIS) for fiscal year 1995. The committee notes that the Army is developing a near-term battlefield combat identification system (BCIS) to minimize "friendly fire'' casualties. The committee also understands that the Army plans to procure 200 BCIS units for fiscal year 1996. The committee supports the Army's plans for the BCIS and believes that this effort should be accelerated. Accordingly, the committee recommends authorization of $11.0 million for 150 BCIS units for fiscal year 1995. AIRCRAFT PROCUREMENT, NAVY OVERVIEW The budget contained $4,786.3 million for Aircraft Procurement, Navy in fiscal year 1995. The committee recommends authorization of $4,588.0 million for fiscal year 1995. The committee recommends approval of authorization as requested except for those programs adjusted in the following table. Some adjustments are without prejudice and based on affordability, others are discussed in more detail. OffsetFolios 40 to 41 Insert here ***TABLE GOES HERE*** ITEMS OF SPECIAL INTEREST EA-6B aircraft modifications The budget request contained $38.4 million for EA-6B aircraft modifications. The Navy recently canceled the EA-6B advanced capabilities (ADVCAP) upgrade program, but it has no plans to retire or replace its fleet of EA-6Bs in the foreseeable future. Furthermore, the Navy has indicated to the committee it is awaiting the results of a joint Navy/Air Force electronic warfare study before recommending any future upgrades to the EA-6B. The committee is concerned that any unnecessary delay in making prudent upgrades to this aircraft could prevent the Navy from capitalizing on some of its prior ADVCAP investment. A delay does not make sense given the large amount of prior year funds currently available for this purpose. Therefore, the committee directs the Secretary of the Navy to expeditiously evaluate lower cost alternatives to the ADVCAP program, such as the Improved Capability II (ICAP II) Plus upgrade, and recommends that $60 million of the funds previously authorized and appropriated for the EA-6B ADVCAP upgrade be used for this purpose. Finally, the committee recommends denying the authorization of funds requested for fiscal year 1995 for structural and common configuration modifications. The committee notes the availability of prior year funds, and directs that those funds be used to carry out the requested structural and common configuration modifications. F-14 aircraft upgrade program The budget request contained $158.3 million for procurement of F-14 aircraft modifications, including $130.8 million for the F-14A/B upgrade program. The budget request also contained $171.7 million for F-14 research and development, including $142.3 million for the F-14A/B upgrade program. The statement of managers report accompanying the conference report on the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1994 (Public Law 103-160) (H. Rept. 103-357) directed the Secretary of the Navy to discontinue the proposed F-14A/B upgrade. The Act also included a provision (sec. 128) that prohibited the Secretary of the Navy from obligating any fiscal year 1994 F-14 upgrade funds until 30 days after the congressional defense committees were provided with a report on the upgrade program. The congressional defense committees have not received the report. Furthermore, the F-14 upgrade modifications requested in the fiscal year 1995 budget indicate that the Navy is pursuing the upgrade scheme Congress denied last year. The committee finds this to be unacceptable, and therefore recommends a provision (sec. 121) that would terminate the F-14A/B upgrade. The committee directs the Secretary of the Navy to convert existing F-14D aircraft into an FA14D with capabilities equivalent to the Air Force F-15E Strike Eagle, or retire the F-14 from service. The committee recommends an authorization of $158.3 million for procurement and $171.7 million for F-14 research and development for this purpose. F/A-18 C/D fighter attack aircraft (Hornet) The budget request contained $1,032.4 million for procurement of 24 F/A-18 C/D aircraft for fiscal year 1995 and $84.8 million for advance procurement of 24 aircraft in fiscal year 1996. The committee understands that the Navy is in the process of selecting an identification friend or foe (IFF) device for the F/A-18 C/D aircraft. Lessons learned from Operation Desert Storm confirm that the acquisition of such an IFF capability is a high priority for the F/A-18. During Operation Desert Storm the F/A-18 often could not autonomously engage in air-to-air combat operations because it could not comply with the theater rules of engagement for air-to-air combat. The committee has learned that an appropriate IFF interrogator transponder has already been developed for export versions of the F-18 C/C. Accordingly, the committee directs the Secretary of the Navy to incorporate a non-developmental IFF into the aircraft beginning with Lot 19. The committee recommends authorization of the requested amount. P-3 maritime patrol aircraft (MPA) The committee is concerned that the Navy may be proceeding too quickly in reducing its maritime patrol aircraft force level. Consequently, the committee directs that, before reducing the 22 squadron MPA force structure, the Secretary of the Navy shall submit a report describing how the loss of operational capability associated with additional force reductions would be offset by other Navy or Department of Defense assets. The report should also include an assessment of the P-3 Airframe Conversion Program (ACP) as an affordable solution to stem the loss of P-3 aircraft to "beyond economic repair status'' before being inducted into a Service Life Extension Program (SLEP). The committee is concerned that the potential loss of aircraft could drive future reductions in the MPA force below prudent levels. T-45 training system (T-45TS) The budget request contained $214.2 million for procurement of 12 aircraft and ground training systems for fiscal year 1995. The committee notes that the T-45TS system requirements and production plans appear to have stabilized and that it may present an opportunity for savings if purchased on a multiyear contract basis. Accordingly, the committee recommends authorization of the amount requested for the T-45TS program for fiscal year 1995 and urges the Secretary of the Navy to reconsider contracting on a multiyear basis. ES-3A modification The budget request contained $19.3 million for modifications to the ES-3A tactical electronic warfare and reconnaissance aircraft. The conference report accompanying the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1994 (Public Law 103-160) (H. Rept. 103-357) directed the creation of a Department-wide tactical reconnaissance office to consolidate and manage the numerous manned and unmanned intelligence collection systems within the Department, including the U-2 RC-135, EP-3E, ES-3A, RC-12, and F/A-18D aircraft programs. Nonetheless, the fiscal year 1995 defense airborne reconnaissance program (DARP) did not include the ES-3A. Accordingly the committee recommends authorization of the amounts requested for ES-3A modifications for fiscal year 1995 in the DARP under procurement, Defense Agencies. WEAPONS PROCUREMENT, NAVY OVERVIEW The budget request contained $2,400.0 million for Weapons Procurement, Navy in fiscal year 1995. The committee recommends authorization of $2,223.2 million for fiscal year 1995. The committee recommends approval of authorization as requested except for those programs adjusted in the following table. Some adjustments are without prejudice and based on affordability, others are discussed in more detail. Offset Folios 46 to 47 Insert here***TABLE GOES HERE*** ITEMS OF SPECIAL INTEREST Trident II (D-5) missile procurement The budget request contained $641.3 million for procurement, and $54.7 million in advance procurement for Trident II missiles in fiscal year 1995. The committee notes that the Department of Defense still has not articulated a strategy for completing the procurement of 52 missiles in the Department's plan beyond fiscal year 1995. The Department also has not explained how it plans to support the Trident II missile system over the course of its estimated minimum service life of thirty years. Yet even under the most optimistic assumption that all of the missiles in the plan for fiscal year 1995 and beyond are approved, missile production is likely to be completed, and the production line closed, within several years. The absence of other strategic ballistic missile production at this time creates a unique set of challenges for ensuring the ongoing support of the Trident II system. Accordingly, the committee directs the Secretary of Defense to report to the congressional defense committees before December 1, 1994 on options, and the associated costs, or supporting the Trident II missile to the end of its estimated service life. The report shall also include an assessment and the costs of the impact of the following procurement strategies on the long-term supportability of the system: (1) Procuring all remaining Trident II missiles planned in the Navy's program by no later than fiscal year 1997; and (2) Buying the same missiles at a low production rate in order to extend critical elements of the industrial base until fiscal year 2000. The committee recommends an authorization of $696.0 million of which $54.7 million is for advance procurement. Antisubmarine warfare (ASW) targets The budget request included $11.0 million for procurement of ASW targets for fiscal year 1995. The statement of managers accompanying the conference report on the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1994 (Public Law 103-160) (H. Rept. 103-357) directed the Secretary of the Navy to provide a plan detailing how the current ASW target programs can be expanded to include supporting MK-48 and MK-50 torpedoes and shallow water training operations. No such plan has been received. The committee believes that shallow water ASW becomes an operational imperative as the Navy increasingly looks to littoral operations for the future. The committee also believes that an ASW target program that does not provide for shallow water training is shortsighted at best. Pending receipt of the required plan the committee recommends no authorization for ASW targets for fiscal year 1995. MK-48 torpedo advanced capability (ADCAP) modifications The budget request contained $52.3 million to initiate a modification program to the MK-48 ADCAP torpedo. The proposed MK-48 ADCAP torpedo modifications program is redundant to the hybrid MK-46 topedo development program directed by section 124 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1994 (Public Law 10360). Moreover, the committee understands that the propulsion upgrade proposal for this modification program will not meet the Navy's torpedo noise reduction requirements. Accordingly, the committee recommends no authorization for this costly MK-48 torpedo modification program for fiscal year 1995. Torpedo support equipment The budget request included $67.6 million for torpedo support equipment for fiscal year 1995. The statement of managers accompanying the conference report on the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1994 (Public Law 103-160) (H. Rept. 103-357) required the Secretary of the Navy to provide a plan detailing how the current torpedo support equipment programs should be restructured to address the MK-50, the MK-46 service life extension, the MK-46 hybrid program, and the MK-48 ADCAP support equipment requirements. No such plan has been received. Pending receipt of the plan, the committee recommends no authorization of torpedo support equipment for fiscal year 1995. SHIPBUILDING AND CONVERSION, NAVY OVERVIEW The budget request contained $5,585.4 million for Shipbuilding and Conversion, Navy in fiscal year 1995. The committee recommends authorization of $6,869.9 million for fiscal year 1995. The committee recommends approval of authorization as requested except for those programs adjusted in the following table. Some adjustments are without prejudice and based on affordability, others are discussed in more detail. Offset Folios 51 to - Insert here ***TABLE GOES HERE*** ITEMS OF SPECIAL INTEREST National defense sealift fund (NDSF) The budget request contained $608.6 million for the NDSF. Of this amount, $546.4 million is requested for construction of two new roll-on/roll-off (RO/RO) ships; $43 million is requested for purchase of existing RO/RO ships for the Ready Reserve Force (RRF); and $19.2 million is requested for initiation of a sealift development technology program. The statement of managers accompanying the Department of Defense Appropriations Act, 1994 (Public Law 103139) (H. Rept. 103339) added $1.2 billion to the NDSF for "later transfer to Shipbuilding and Conversion, Navy, for the CVN-76 nuclear aircraft carrier to the extent that such funds are authorized in supplemental legislation.'' In a recent letter to the committee the Deputy Secretary of Defense stated: "[The] Navy developed the fiscal year 1995 request for CVN-76 of $2.4 billion based on the assumption the Congress would subsequently authorize the $1.2 billion appropriated in fiscal year 1994.'' The committee recommends denying the authorization of the $1.2 billion appropriated in fiscal year 1994 for the CVN-76, and recommends disapproving the transfer of these funds from NDSF to Shipbuilding and Conversion, Navy. Instead, of the amount appropriated last year for the NDSF, the committee recommends authorization of $608.6 million for the purposes of executing the new ship construction contract options for the requested (RO/RO) ships. In these circumstances, the committee recommends denying the fiscal year 1995 $608.6 million request for the NDSF. The committee further recommends authorization of the remaining $591.4 million for transfer to the Base Closure and Realignment (BRAC) Account and recommends a provision (sec. 163) that would enable this transfer. This transfer is recommended because: (1) future modernization plans require the services to realize infrastructure savings from closing and realigning installations; and (2) the BRAC account is underfunded, the Emergency Supplemental Appropriations Act for Fiscal Year 1994 rescinded $508 million from the account. The committee expects the transfer to BRAC to restore service modernization plans since the rescission will require future funding for more than this amount. The committee believes that the $43 million requested for the purchase of existing foreign-owned RO/RO ships for the RRF is not warranted. Last year Congress prohibited the U.S. Maritime Administration (MarAd) from using any appropriated funds for RRF vessel acquisition. Instead, MarAd was directed to concentrate its attention and resources on improving the maintenance and readiness of the existing RRF fleet rather than on purchasing foreign-built ships. Accordingly, the committee recommends denying authorization of the $43 million to purchase foreign-owned RO/RO ships for the RRF. Rather, the committee recommends authorization of this amount for the procurement and installation of national defense sealift features on commercial RO/RO ships built in a U.S. shipyard. The committee believes a defense sealift features program will save or create a significant number of jobs in the shipbuilding and supplier industrial base and assist U.S. shipyards in reentering the commercial shipbuilding market. Finally, the committee recommends a provision (sec. 124) that would clarify that the legislation which created the NDSF should apply identically to newly constructed or converted ships. This clarification is necessary because this legislation did not anticipate a ship conversion program at the time it was enacted, and contracts for the conversion of five ships have since been awarded. OTHER PROCUREMENT, NAVY OVERVIEW The budget request contained $3,319.4 million for Other Procurement, Navy in fiscal year 1955. The committee recommends authorization of $3,241.6 million for fiscal year 1995. The committee recommends approval of authorization as requested except for those programs adjusted in the following table. Some adjustments are without prejudice and based on affordability, others are discussed in more detail. Offset Folios 55 to 59 Insert here***TABLE GOES HERE*** ITEMS OF SPECIAL INTEREST Attack submarine (SSN) acoustics The budget request included $56.6 million for SSN acoustics. Section 125 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1994 (Public Law 103-160) required the Secretary of the Navy to provide a submarine acoustics master plan. No such plan has been received. The committee remains concerned that the Navy does not have a coherent plan for adapting submarine acoustic sensors, including towed arrays, whole mounted sensors and active sonars for operations in littoral waters. Pending receipt of the plan, the committee recommends no authorization for attack submarine acoustics in fiscal year 1995. Surface sonar windows and domes The budget request contained $3.2 million for surface sonar windows and domes. The committee understands that the recently completed Naval Sea Systems Command study on the U.S. industrial base for production of sonar rubber domes and sonar rubber dome windows for surface combatants concluded that closure of the sole supplier of these devices may close in fiscal year 1995 without additional funding. The report further concluded that current inventory levels of these domes and windows are not sufficient to meet Navy requirements should the sole supplier cease production in the near future. Accordingly, the report recommended that funds should be added in fiscal year 1995 to avoid a production shutdown in the near term until other alternatives can be implemented. The committee agrees with the study's recommendation and recommends an additional $3.6 million for continued production of this equipment. Submarine acoustic warfare system The budget request contained $10.7 million for submarine acoustic warfare system for fiscal year 1995. It did not contain a request for procurement of the ADC MK-4 in fiscal year 1995. The committee has learned that the ADC MK-4 device completed operational testing in March of this year and was found operationally effective and suitable. The committee expects an expeditious production decision by the Navy and recommends authorization of $12 million to continue production in fiscal year 1995. Accordingly, $22.7 million is recommended for submarine acoustic warfare system for fiscal year 1995. Nuclear submarine main steam condenser The committee continues to be deeply concerned about the viability of the nuclear submarine main steam condenser industrial base. Last year, Congress directed the Secretary of the Navy to preserve and retain this critical element as a viable, ongoing concern. In addition, this committee requested that the Secretary of the Navy develop and implement a plan to maintain an appropriate steam condenser industrial base to meet future submarine requirements. The committee is concerned about the findings and conclusions contained in the Secretary's report, as well as the Navy's decision to develop alternative nuclear submarine steam condenser manufacturers while placing at risk the only technically-capable supplier of this critical component. As a consequence, the committee urges the Secretary of the Navy to give consideration to the current manufacturer of nuclear submarine main steam condensers for future aircraft carriers and deep draft amphibious ships as a means of ensuring a strong, capable submarine industrial base. PROCUREMENT, MARINE CORPS OVERVIEW The budget request contained $554.6 million for Procurement, Marine Corps for fiscal year 1995. The committee recommends authorization of $528.4 million for fiscal year 1995. The committee recommends approval of authorization as requested except for those programs adjusted in the following table. Some adjustments are without prejudice and based on affordability, others are discussed in more detail. Offset Folios 63 to 65 Insert here ***TABLE GOES HERE*** ITEMS OF SPECIAL INTEREST Avenger air defense missile system, pedestal mounted stinger (PMS) The budget request contained $50.2 million for procurement of 61 Avenger air defense systems for the Marine Corps for fiscal year 1995. The committee notes that the Marine Corps had not planned to buy Avenger air defense systems in fiscal year 1995. But, when the Army discontinued procurement, the Marine Corps seized the opportunity to purchase these systems under very favorable Army multiyear procurement contract terms. Accordingly, the committee recommends authorization of the amount requested for Avenger for the Marine Corps for fiscal year 1995. The requirement for fiscal year 1994 advance procurement to support this buy is provided for in the recommendation for the Army's Avenger program. AIRCRAFT PROCUREMENT, AIR FORCE OVERVIEW The budget request contained $6,747.6 million for Aircraft Procurement, Air Force for fiscal year 1995. The committee recommends authorization of $6,101.8 million for fiscal year 1995. The committee recommends approval of authorization as requested except for those programs adjusted in the following table. Some adjustments are without prejudice and based on affordability, others are discussed in more detail. Offset Folios 68 to 69 insert here ***TABLE GOES HERE*** ITEMS OF SPECIAL INTEREST B-1 bomber The committee notes the contribution to national security that the B-52 has made in a maritime role and believes that the Department should give serious consideration to the feasibility of assigning this role to the B-1B as a B-52 follow-on. Accordingly, the committee directs the Secretary of Defense to review the maritime role options for the bomber fleet, including the potential for the B-1B, and to report the findings to the congressional defense committees no later than April 15, 1995. B-2 bomber The committee continues to support the agreements reached in the last several years that capped the total number and total program cost of the B-2 program. Accordingly, section 132 would clarify the definition of B-2 program cost. Intertheater airlift The budget request contained $2,472.9 million for procurement of six C-17 aircraft for fiscal year 1995; $189.9 million for advance procurement of eight aircraft in fiscal year 1996; $6.1 million for C-17 modifications; and $221.4 million for research and development. The budget request also contains $103.7 million for non-developmental alternative aircraft (NDAA) for fiscal year 1995. The committee is concerned about both the C-17 and the complementary airlift aircraft programs. As initially envisioned, the delivery of 120 C-17s on the schedule and at the price then projected would have been a valuable and non-controversial contribution to our intertheater airlift needs. Unfortunately, the C-17 program fell behind schedule, went over budget, and has turned out to be less capable than when the program started. In recent months, senior DOD officials have criticized the program even as they restated their need for the capabilities of the C-17 and their goal of acquiring 120 of them. The cost of the C-17, coupled with tight budget constraints for the rest of the decade, mean it may be unlikely that production rates could increase to levels where the program could meet total airlift requirements on a timely basis. One option that would address this program is to procure on an annual basis a mix of four C-17s and additional non-developmental alternative aircraft (NDAA) to complement the C-17. This could be accomplished within budgetary limits and would both sustain and enhance current aggregate airlift capabilities through the 12-year period (1995 to 2006) during which the C-141 fleet will be retired. Depending on the NDAA selected, this mix of C-17s and NDAA could save several billion dollars over a 10-year period and cold substantially reduce any risks of today's C-17-only strategy. The committee notes that its use of the term NDAA permits consideration of both new and existing military and civilian airlift-capable aircraft. Accordingly, the committee recommends authorization of $1,507.2 million for procurement of four C-17s; $47.5 million for advance procurement of C-17s in fiscal year 1996; $6.1 million for C-17 modifications; and $105.2 million for research and development. The committee also recommends authorization of $550 million for procurement of non-developmental complementary aircraft for intertheater airlift. The committee directs the Secretary of Defense to merge unobligated fiscal year 1994 funds from the nondevelopmental alternative aircraft program for this purpose as well. Furthermore, the committee directs the Secretary to plan for the acquisition of sufficient aggregate airlift that will at least maintain current airlift capacity over the next 10 years, as changes to the existing fleet and any new validated requirements emerge from further review arise. Finally, the committee directs the Secretary to provide the congressional defense committees with copies of the Mobility Requirements Study/Bottom-Up Review Update no later than February 1, 1995. At the same time, the Secretary shall submit the plans for procurement of C-17 and NDAA aircraft in 1995 and beyond. The committee directs that advance procurement funds for the C-17 aircraft for fiscal year 1996 may not be obligated until this report is submitted. Bomber force upgrade program (B-FUP) The committee remains concerned that the number of long-range bombers programmed in the Department's force plan are inadequate to support requirements for two major regional contingencies. Therefore, the committee supports additional funds to enhance the quality and quantity of projected forces as required. Accordingly, the committee recommends a provision (sec. 133) that would authorize $100 million for a bomber force upgrade fund. The committee directs the Secretary of the Air Force to use these funds for the purposes of: (1) supporting additional B-1 or B-52 bombers that would otherwise become attrition reserve aircraft; and/or (2) accelerating upgrades to the B-1 or B-52 bombers. Finally, the committee directs the Secretary to report to the congressional defense committees 30 days prior to obligating these funds. E-4 National Emergency Airborne Command Post The budget request contained $35.2 million for modification of E-4 aircraft for fiscal year 1995. The committee recommends an authorization of $25.2 million and directs the Secretary of Defense to transmit a report to the congressional defense committees on the E-4 role and justification in the post-Cold War era and on possible additional missions the E-4 might perform in addition to the current mission. WEAPONS/MISSILES, AIR FORCE OVERVIEW The budget contained $4,392.2 million for Missile Procurement, Air Force for fiscal year 1995. The committee recommends authorization of $3,953.2 million for fiscal year 1995. The committee recommends approval of authorization as requested except for those programs adjusted in the following table. Some adjustments are without prejudice and based on affordability, others are discussed in more detail. Offset Folios 75 to 76 Insert here ***TABLE GOES HERE*** ITEMS OF SPECIAL INTEREST Tri-service stand-off attack missile The budget request contained $373.9 million for procurement of 48 Tri-Service Stand-off Attack Missiles (TSSAM) for fiscal year 1995, and $81.1 million for research and development. The committee notes that this program continues to have cost and developmental problems. The committee also understands that Air Force support for this program has begun to wane. With first the Army, and now the Navy, withdrawn from the program, it has become unaffordable for the Air Force. Accordingly, the committee recommends that this program be terminated and that no funds be provided for either procurement or research and development. Unobligated prior year funds may be used for program termination costs. As an interim measure, the committee recommends $26 million for the procurement of 36 Have Nap missiles. Minuteman modifications The budget request included $18.3 million for modification of Minuteman III missiles. The committee is aware that $12 million of the amount requested for the Dual Frequency Minimum Essential Emergency Communications Network Receiver (DFMR) is no longer needed because the DFMR program has been canceled. The committee also is aware that the deactivation schedule for Minuteman II ICBMs is at risk because of limited storage space for Minuteman II motors. The absence of storage space could delay the drawdown of U.S. strategic forces. In order to maintain the deactivation schedule, the committee urges the Secretary of the Air Force to store excess Minuteman II rocket motors at Air Force Plant 78, Brigham City, Utah. To pay the costs associated with storing the excess motors, the committee recommends that $1.5 million be transferred from the DFMR project for this purpose. Therefore, the committee recommends $7.8 million for Minuteman III modifications. Ballistic missile early warning The budget request contained $364.0 million for procurement of one Defense Support Program (DSP) satellite for fiscal year 1995; $76.4 million for DSP research and development; $150 million in research and development on the new ALARM (Alert, Locate, and Report Missiles) early warning satellite program; and $120 million for the Brilliant Eyes sensor satellite program. The committee supports the early warning mission and believes that neither Congress nor the Department should take major risks in this area. The committee notes the Department's current ALARM plan assumes the program will not experience any delays. The committee is uneasy over the Department's confidence in the program timetables because even low-risk programs often experience delays. Furthermore, it does not appear that there are any acceptable backup options that would help work around ALARM delays. The committee believes that a mission as important as ballistic missile early warning has no place for such risks. The committee cannot support a strategy that would have serious implications for early warning coverage if ALARM were even modestly delayed. The committee is mindful that the Bottom-Up Review's early warning technical support group found that there "is a high probability of a gap in Space Based Infrared coverage during system transition without Block 23 (DSP 23, 24, and 25).'' The Department, however, plans to procure DSP 23 only. The committee received testimony that current U.S. abilities to detect theater ballistic missile launches and alert are inadequate. In sum, the committee concludes that the Department's early warning plans need greater assurance of success. Accordingly, the committee recommends authorization of the full $364.0 million for procurement of DSP; $56.4 million for DSP research and development; and $150 million for research and development for the new ALARM program. In addition, the committee directs the Secretary of Defense to plan to deploy up to three extra theater missile sensors of the type selected for the ALARM quick reaction experiment, for a total of up to four. This will ensure that the United States has a robust theater missile detection capability sooner than currently planned. Finally, the committee recommends authorization of an additional $300 million for a satellite early warning assurance fund. After the Secretary notifies the congressional defense committees of the selections, the Secretary may obligate these funds for either maintaining the option to procure DSP satellite number 24; or for accelerating development of the ALARM program leading to launch of the first ALARM satellite no later than the first quarter of 2002; or for continuing development of Brilliant Eyes; or for acquiring the three extra theater missile sensors; or for some combination of the four as the Secretary deems advisable. OTHER PROCUREMENT, AIR FORCE OVERVIEW The budget contained $7,078.3 million for Other Procurement, Air Force for fiscal year 1995. The committee recommends authorization of $6,855.4 million for fiscal year 1995. The committee recommends approval of authorization as requested except for those programs adjusted in the following table. The adjustments are without prejudice and based on affordability. Offset Folios 80 to 83 Insert here ***TABLE GOES HERE*** PROCUREMENT DEFENSE-WIDE OVERVIEW The budget contained $1,744.9 million for procurement, Defense Agencies for fiscal year 1995. The committee recommends authorization of $2,066.7 million for fiscal year 1995. The committee recommends approval of authorization as requested except for those programs adjusted in the following table. Some adjustments are without prejudice and based on affordability, others are discussed in more detail. Offset Folios 85 to 86 Insert here ***TABLE GOES HERE*** NATIONAL GUARD AND RESERVE EQUIPMENT OVERVIEW The budget did not include authorization for National Guard and Reserve Equipment for fiscal year 1995. The committee recommends authorization of $787.2 million for fiscal year 1995. Offset Folios 88 to - insert here ***TABLE GOES HERE*** CHEMICAL AGENTS AND MUNITIONS DESTRUCTION, DEFENSE OVERVIEW The budget included $575.3 million for Chemical Demilitarization for fiscal year 1995. The committee recommends authorization of $670.3 million for fiscal year 1995. Offset Folios 90 to - Insert here ***TABLE GOES HERE*** Chemical demilitarization The budget request contained $575.3 million for chemical agents and munitions destruction for fiscal year 1995. The committee notes that the Army has accepted most of the recommendations of the recently-completed National Research Council (NRC) Alternative Technology Report on the Disposal of Chemical Agents and Munitions. Unfortunately, this report was not made public until after the submission of the budget request for fiscal year 1995. Consequently, many of these recommendations require funding in order to avoid futher delays to the chemical stockpile disposal program. The committee believes these recommendations should be implemented as soon as possible and therefore recommends authorization of an additional $95.0 million for this purpose as outlined below: [In millions of dollars] Recommendation Additional authorization Implement carbon filtration to pollution abatement systems, (Procurement) $76.0 Pursue development of a neutralization-based alternative destruction technology, (R&D) 9.5 Implement an updated risk assessment of storage, handling, and disposal activities at each site, (O&M) 3.0 Implement an enhanced stockpile surveillance program, (O&M) 4.5 Implement a public outreach program, (O&M) 2.0 LEGISLATIVE PROVISIONS SECTION 122-LIMITATION ON ACQUISITION OF GUIDANCE SYSTEMS FOR TRIDENT II MISSILES The committee notes that the Department of Defense has not undertaken a serious review of the readiness, logistics, spares, and testing requirements associated with the Trident II Mark 6 guidance system. Although the Navy plans to procure no more than 389 Trident II missiles, it plans to build 562 Mark 6 guidance sets, of which 30 are to be procured in fiscal year 1995, and the final 21 are to be procured in subsequent fiscal years. The committee is skeptical that such a large number of guidance sets is required to support the planned Trident missile buy. Accordingly, the committee recommends a provision (sec. 122) that would direct the Secretary to certify to the congressional defense committees that, based on a review of the readiness, testing, spares, and logistics requirements of the guidance system, the 562 guidance sets are required to support the inventory objective for the Trident II missile. The provision would prohibit the obligation of funds for the guidance system until the Secretary makes the necessary certification. SECTION 123-PROHIBITION ON TRIDENT II BACKFIT The committee believes that the reduction in the strategic nuclear threat and budgetary pressures have rendered the backfit of D-5 missiles neither necessary for national security reasons, nor affordable. Accordingly, the committee recommends a provision that would prohibit the backfit of Trident II (D-5) missiles into Trident I (C-4) submarines. SECTION 171-TRANSFER OF USNS MAURY This section would permit the Secretary of the Navy to transfer the USNS Maury to the Department of Transportation to be assigned as a training ship for the California Maritime Academy in Vallejo, California. TITLE II-RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT, TEST, AND EVALUATION OVERVIEW The budget request for fiscal year 1995 for research, development, test, and evaluation (RDT&E) contained $36,225.013 million. This represents a $1,290.462 million increase from the amount authorized for fiscal year 1994. The committee recommends authorization of $34,983.740 million, a reduction of $241.273 million. The committee recommendations for the fiscal year 1995 RDT&E program are identified in the table below. Major issues are discussed following the table. Offset Folio 94 Insert Here ***TABLE GOES HERE*** DEFENSE-WIDE PROGRAMS SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS Chemical and biological warfare defense program The reports on the chemical and biological warfare defense program, required by Title XVII of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1994 (Public Law 103-160), have not been transmitted officially to the congressional defense committees. The committee has had the opportunity, however, to review advance copies of the reports and is pleased that the Department of Defense has taken a number of management, research and development, and training initiatives which should result in significant improvements in the chemical and biological warfare defense readiness of U.S. armed forces. The committee also notes that the Department has created a biological warfare defense program and a general officer has been assigned as program manager. This indicates the seriousness with which the Department regards the potential threat posed by such weapons of mass destruction and the need for a viable medical and non-medical biological defense program. The committee is disappointed that the Army budget request has decreased funding for the chemical and biological warfare defense program. These decrements appear to be contrary to specific directions to complete critical research, development, test, and evaluation and acquisition of improved chemical and biological detection systems, identification and warning systems, individual and collective protection measures, medical support, and decontamination systems. The committee notes that the Air Force has terminated its program for development of collective protection systems and that reductions have been made by the other military services as well. The committee notes that these actions will seriously undermine long-term efforts to reduce battlefield vulnerability to chemical or biological warfare attacks. The committee believes that each service must allocate an appropriate amount of its budget to fund its share of the integrated defense program, and directs that the Secretary of Defense ensure that such allocation is accomplished in annual budget guidance. Accordingly, the committee has recommended increased authorizations in several of the relevant chemical and biological defense program elements to restore critical program reductions in the fiscal year 1995 budget request. Consolidation of electronic combat test and evaluation facilities The committee recognizes the need for consolidating test and evaluation facilities, organizations, and resources in order to reduce infrastructure costs. The committee believes, however, that facilities should only be consolidated based on a master plan for future required electronic combat test capabilities. Therefore, the committee directs the Secretary of Defense to develop a master plan for future consolidations of DOD-wide electronic combat test and evaluation assets. This master plan shall provide a statement of required electronic combat capabilities and a road map for consolidation of these activities. The committee further directs that no fiscal year 1995 or prior year funds be used for transferring or consolidating electronic combat test and evaluation assets until 30 days after the submission of this master plan to the congressional defense committees. Electronics The committee recognizes that both the Department's and the Advanced Research Projects Agency's (ARPA) programs in electronics technology are the "seed corn'' for high technology electronic research that will fuel military and commercial product development. Without it, the vision of American companies developing electronic products for the information super highways will not be achieved. The committee also believes that the success of the SEMATECH consortium, which has enabled the United States to recapture the lead in integrated circuit development and sales, must be sustained. The committee further believes that advanced lithography should be a top priority of SEMATECH to ensure that the lead is maintained. The committee is alarmed by the Department's request to reduce the advanced lithography program from over $71 million in 1992 to $10 million in 1995. This has caused industry to decry the budget request as one which is tantamount to an abandonment of the industry and as an acceptance of total reliance for this critical technology on foreign suppliers. This will eventually jeopardize U.S. dominance of electronics system innovation. The committee notes that the Department has increased its budget request for electronics and that it is sufficient to fund the overall electronics investment. However, the committee believes that because the Department does not have an investment strategy for advanced lithography it has resulted in an investment portfolio imbalance. Therefore, the committee recommends the following action for a strengthened and continued program: (1) Increase ARPA in request in PE 603739E for research in lithography from $10 million to $55 million; (2) Redirect $20 million of the $90 million requested for SEMATECH to advanced lithography development; (3) Provide $25 million to ARPA for the procurement of lithography tools (alignment tools, steppers, etc.) to be placed at government sponsored research institutions (Federal and national laboratories, FFRDCs, universities) currently supported advanced lithography development. This will accelerate and intensify research and stimulate U.S. tool manufacturing; and (4) Direct the Secretary of Defense to implement section 263 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1994 (Public Law 103-160) to complete the staffing of the Semiconductor Technology Council and facilitate its operation to immediately address a strategy for lithography development and industrialization. The committee understands that, when possible, these funds will be matched by private industrial research funding. Funding for the above research and development should be in accordance with the current lithography plan contained in the National Technology Roadmaps for Semiconductors. The committee recommends the following reductions in programs to offset this initiative. The committee notes that several of the programs listed below have limited long-term application if a strong U.S. capability in leading edge integrated circuit development and manufacturing does not occur. PE 602308A-decrease $10 million. PE 602572N-decrease $10 million. PE 602702F-decrease $10 million. PE 602301E (ST-19)-decrease $20 million. PE 602217C (1601)-decrease $20 million. Finally, section 216 of the bill would prohibit the obligation of any high performance computing (PE 602301E), SEMATECH (PE 603745E) or Warbreaker (PE 603226E, Project EE-40) funding until the Semiconductor Technology Council, established in the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1994 (Public Law 103-160) is functioning. Environmental research The committee is troubled that the Department requested only $298.8 million for environmental research and technology development, $127 million less than was authorized last year. The Department's environmental security representative has testified that one way to save future environmental remediation and compliance costs is through technological advances. Consequently, this cut sends a mixed signal. Therefore, the committee recommends a $10 million increase in PE 604708D in the new Technology Certification Program. This program will take promising remediation and waste management technologies through the tests necessary to win the approval for use from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. The committee commends the Department for minimizing duplication in its environmental research efforts, for better focusing its projects, particularly in its plans for the Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program. Also, the committee is pleased that the Department acted on a committee directive from last year to create a computerized cross-walk between user needs and research efforts, and that the data base has proved useful to the Department. The committee continues to be concerned, however, that too many of the Department's research projects, even those that prove successful in the laboratory, are not being used. To this effect, the committee notes the absence of environmental technology development projects in the military services' engineering and manufacturing development accounts. Therefore, the committee directs the Secretary of Defense to report to the congressional defense committees no later than January 1, 1995, with a status report of the environmental research projects currently receiving money in the technology base and advanced development accounts. The report shall also contain an analysis of which, if any, of these projects may be ready to move into engineering and manufacturing development in fiscal year 1996. The committee expects the Department to seek funds for such projects in its 1996 budget request. Finally, as the committee has done for the past two years, it recommends that 10 percent of the $90 million authorized for SEMATECH be used to develop environmentally conscious manufacturing techniques for the semiconductor industry. Exploratory research The statement of managers accompanying the conference report on the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1994 (Public Law 103-160) (H. Rept. 103-357) directed the Secretary of Defense to complete an assessment of the Department's exploratory research and development base. The report will examine the extent to which DOD-unique exploratory research activities will be affected by the military services' plans to transfer large portions of their exploratory research from the Department to universities and private industry, with potential unintended consequences. The report was due on February 1, 1994; however, the committee has not received it. Therefore, the committee directs the Secretary to suspend all actions pertaining to the movement of exploratory research capability to the private sector until a satisfactory assessment is provided to Congress. MANTECH The Department's manufacturing technology program (MANTECH) has undergone radical change in response to changing military and national needs in manufacturing. The committee recognizes the Department's new initiatives (including the Technology Reinvestment Project (TRP)) and the Department of Commerce's Advanced Technology Program (ATP). These programs represent over $1 billion of dual-use opportunity and maintain a strong manufacturing focus. Therefore, the committee believes that the department should reevaluate the MANTECH program to ensure that the needs of the military services are being met and that the MANTECH program is coordinated for technical exchange with the TRP and ATP programs. The committee encourages the Department to continue supporting the MANTECH centers of excellence to facilitate partnerships with industry and the TRP and APT, as well as partnerships in other dual-use partnership arrangements with Federal entities under the provision codified in section 2173 of title 10, United States Code. The committee also encourages the continued support of those manufacturing coalitions which leverage industrial matching and offer linkages for technology transfer to and from industry and the military. In addition, the committee directs the Department to consider the following program adjustments: (1) As the age of weapon systems increases, repair and rework will become an even larger segment of the equipment life-cycle costs. In recognition of the importance of reducing repair costs, the committee directs that not less than $15 million of the funds authorized and appropriated for the MANTECH program be used for repair technology programs; (2) $7.6 million of the Air Force MANTECH program be used for continuation of the computer-assisted technology transfer (CATT) program to continue the test bed and CATT special projects office; (3) $15.5 million be added to PE 708011N for the Navy industrial preparedness program; (4) $5 million be directed for apparel manufacturing and $2 million for the generalized emulation of microcircuits (GEM) program at the Defense Logistics Agency; and (5) A general increase for authorized projects of $20 million in PE 603705D. Research and development categories Section 268 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1994 (Public Law 103-160) required the Secretary of Defense to: (1) review the Department's management and assignment of program element numerical categories to its research and development programs; (2) designate an official responsible for monitoring and reviewing such program element categories; and (3) provide a report and certification to the congressional defense committees. No report has been provided and it is not evident from reviewing the research and development descriptive summary material for fiscal year 1995 provided by the Department that an official with sufficient authority has been designated to correct the type of discrepancies described in the committee report on H.R. 2401, the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1994 (H. Rept. 103-200). The committee notes that while a new system of program element numerical categories has been instituted, the Department has not instituted the necessary procedures to enforce compliance with the new system. The committee understands from informal discussion with Department personnel, that the Department hopes to have the new system fully instituted by 1995. The committee reminds the Secretary of the need to comply with last year's legislation. Tactical aircraft modernization programs The budget request included $100.037 million and $101.354 million, for the Navy and Air Force Joint Advance Strike Technology (JAST) programs, respectively. The objective of the JAST program is to develop an affordable next generation strike fighter aircraft that would optimize commonality among the military services through design modularity and common components. The fiscal year 1995 request would fund the following technology areas: air vehicle; manufacturing and producibility; propulsion; avionics; weapons integration; supportability; strategy to technology analysis; and strike weapons system concept studies. The budget request also includes $8.721 million for the Navy and $20.014 million for the Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) for Phase II of a four phase program for the Advanced Short Takeoff and Vertical Landing (ASTOVL)/Conventional Takeoff and Landing (CTOL) demonstrator aircraft. The program's objective is to investigate the technical feasibility of designing an affordable aircraft, using modular design and common engine, airframe, and avionics. Fiscal year 1995 funds would be used for wind tunnel and propulsion system tests of competing concepts. No funds are identified in the budget for Phases III and IV. The committee commends the Department's efforts to achieve a common, affordable multi-service solution to satisfy future aircraft requirements. The committee, however, has the following concerns: (1) No agreed upon multi-service requirement exists, yet the Department has requested over $230 million for the next fiscal year for a variety of disparate tasks that include conceptual, studies and analysis, modeling and simulation ($111.612 million), wind tunnel and propulsion system tests. The Department's goal is to enter engineering and manufacturing development at the turn of the century; (2) JAST has similar objectives to ASTOVL/CTOL, yet each exists as separate programs; (3) The Navy and Air Force JAST scope of work replicates a significant amount of technology development within individual service program elements. It appears that the Navy and Air Force JAST budgets, and their other related technology budgets, were developed independently. For example, the Navy and Air Force JAST request for a ground demonstrator engine is $32.769 million. At the same time the Navy and Air Force budget request included at least $85 million, level of effort funding, for exploratory and advanced development in turbine engine programs. This does not include the funding for ASTOVL, the majority of which is for developmental engine funding. Similar overlap and duplication exist in the scope of work described for JAST and other military service technology efforts for structures, materials and processes, subsystems and power, avionics, weapons integration, and supportability. The committee supports the potential of the JAST office to provide the multi-service focus required to manage the acquisition of the next generation tactical aircraft. Therefore, the committee believes that ASTOVL/CTOL must be an integral part of the JAST effort, with funding provided by JAST for ASTOVL/CTOL through Phase II, and execution remaining with ARPA. The committee also believes there must be closer coordination and integration of military service technology efforts with the JAST office. This will provide the necessary focus for JAST development. Accordingly, the committee recommends the following adjustments to the requested levels to achieve central management of JAST and ASTOVL/CTOL and to minimize redundancy and unnecessary duplication between JAST and other JAST-related technology efforts: [In millions of dollars] Request Change Recommendations ARPAASTOVL/CTOL 603226E/EE24 $20.104 ($20.014) 0 Navy: ASTOVL/CTOL 603217N/R2152 8.721 (8.721) 0 Propulsion 603217N/W2014 8.354 (5,000) $3.354 JAST 603800N 100.037 n/c 100.037 Air Force: Propulsion 603202F 25.636 (8.000) 17.636 603216F/P681B 28.991 (10.000) 18.991 JAST 603800f 101.354 n/c 101.354 Finally, the committee expects the fiscal year 1996 request to be accompanied by a complete joint requirements and cost and operational effectiveness analysis. The document should address, at a minimum, the two cockpit versus one cockpit issue, and the two engine versus single engine issue. ARMY RDT&E OVERVIEW The budget request for fiscal year 1995 contained $5,260.082 million for Army RDT&E. The committee recommends authorization of $5,425.303 million, an increase of $165.221 million to the administration request. The committee recommendation for the fiscal year 1995 Army RDT&E program are identified in the table below. Major changes to the Army request are discussed following the table. Offset Folios 105 to 108 insert here ***TABLE GOES HERE*** ITEMS OF SPECIAL INTEREST Advanced lasers The committee supported both advanced laser technology for the medical field and the application of solid state dye laser applications in fiscal year 1994. Accordingly, the committee recommends an additional $4 million in PE 602307A for this proposal. Advanced simulation technology The committee is concerned that the Army is beginning to skew its investment strategy in the technology base toward an excessive emphasis on modeling and simulation at the expense of other advancing hardware technologies. The committee cautions the Army that there are limits to which simulation technology investments are sensible given the drop in defense budgets. The Army must not lose sight of its future hardware needs and of the programs that keep pace with future weapons and platform technology. The committee recommends a $10 million reduction in PE 602308A to support the electronics development base in PE 603739E. Air defense The Department's division air defense study underscored the need to proceed with a non-developmental complementary missile to the Stinger. The committee provided funds for live fire tests of a non-developmental complementary missile in fiscal year 1994 to test the capabilities of the Army selected Starstreak missile. The Department has failed to budget for air defense improvements beyond these funds to address the acknowledged deficiency. Therefore the committee recommends an additional $10 million in PE 203801A to continue testing a platoon sized operational test and evaluation of the Starstreak missile to enhance the lethality of the Avenger system. Air defense command, control and intelligence The budget request contained $26.5 million for air defense command, control and intelligence for fiscal year 1995. The recent division air defense study validated a need for an improved target acquisition capability to passively identify and track difficult targets. The committee questions the ability of existing sensors to detect, classify and track these targets in a clutter environment. Therefore, the committee directs the Secretary of the Army to provide the congressional defense committees with a report along with the fiscal year 1996 budget request on available passive sensor technologies for the detection, classification and tracking of targets in clutter. The committee recommends authorization of $26.5 million in PER 604741A for air defense command, control and intelligence for fiscal year 1995. Armored systems modernization The committee is concerned about the decision to proceed with liquid propellant (LP) for the advanced field artillery system (AFAS) cannon. Recent test results have created doubt that the current schedule can be maintained. The LP cannon promises greater range and lower per round cost, but stretches the AFAS schedule by two years. If the LP program cannot improve its performance it will take the Army several more years to develop LP. This will require a restructuring of the program for the alternative unicharge cannon propellant. The committee believes that this risk is unacceptable. The Army should focus on fulfilling fundamental deficiencies in its artillery for range, rate of fire, and mobility in the most prudent and cost-effective way. Therefore, the committee directs the Secretary of the Army to: (1) Continue AFAS chassis work to take advantage of the nearly $1 billion in prior investment; (2) Bring forward both LP and unicharge gun concepts through a maximum 12-month intensive test and evaluation phase. Downselect to a single cannon once sufficient testing has been completed to assure that overall AFAS program goals will be achieved without further backtracking; (3) Unify a contractor team to undertake integration designs to accommodate either unicharge or LP; (4) Slow the field artillery resupply vehicle (FARV) development. Develop a strategy that would provide the highest priority for early selection of unicharge or LP in the demonstration/validation phase. This will permit the FARV to be accelerated for integration into the latter portion of the demonstration/validation schedule. Furthermore, the Secretary is directed to provide the congressional defense committees with a revised detailed acquisition plan not later than 60 days after enactment of this Act, Automated mammogram screening Due to the promising nature of automated mammogram screening technology, the committee recommends authorization of $5 million in PE 603002A to support the application of ultra-high throughput (>1000 Hz) optical correlators for breast cancer detection. Aviation testing consolidation The committee understands that the Army is reviewing the possible consolidation of its aviation test centers. The committee is concerned that initial, incomplete assessments of perceived short-term dollar savings and operational efficiency frequently do not come to fruition in implementation. The committee therefore directs the Secretary of the Army to refrain from implementing any reorganization of Army aviation test centers until the Secretary provides a report to the congressional defense committees describing the overall plan for consolidation of such test centers. Battery technology The committee continues to support accelerated development of battery technology. The committee recommends an additional $3 million in PE 602705A for low-cost reusable alkaline manganese batteries for portable manpack radios; no-lead added alkaline cells; and for advanced non-metallic rechargeable battery systems. Battlefield combat identification system The committee is pleased that the Army is committed to developing and procuring a near-term battlefield combat identification system (BCIS) to minimize "friendly fire'' casualties. The committee fully supports the Army's plans to accelerate this program and to integrate it into the 1996 digitized brigade. The committee directs that an additional $5 million be authorized for air-to-surface BCIS development in PE 603772A, project D281. This will ensure that the Army can achieve its goal of air-to-ground combat integration. Battlefield digitization The committee agrees with the Army's initiative to digitalize the battlefield as a key element in modernization. The committee believes that the Army's digital battlefield system architecture should be open and partitioned to permit growth. It should also maximize utilization of non-developmental and commercial off-the-shelf items. The committee is concerned that the overall system architecture is in the embryonic stage when major platforms, such as the Apache helicopter, Bradley fighting vehicle and Abrams tank, are proceeding with major digital upgrades without having critical digital interfaces, standards and protocols defined. Additionally, it appears that there is insufficient emphasis on integration and interoperability requirements with aviation digitization. The committee is also concerned that critical platform communication and reporting systems such as the Army Data Distribution System, the Single Channel Ground-to-Air Radio System and the Enhanced Position Location Reporting System are inadequate to support the digital battlefield in their current configuration. The committee understands that all platforms cannot have embedded digital systems. Therefore, the committee supports the Army's applique approach to digitize non-embedded platforms. The committee is also concerned that the Marine Corps is not participating in the Army's digitization effort. The fiscal year 1995 budget request includes $75.9 million for digitization, of which $41 million is for development, procurement, and integration of applique hardware to support live bridage experimentation in fiscal year 1996, and live division experimentation in fiscal year 1997. The committee supports this effort and believes the Army should structure the program to take advantage of production-ready digital hardware and software that has been successfully tested at the National Training Center. The Army should not delay the program in search of ultimate solutions. The committee believes the Army can achieve its goal of fielding a digitized division by fiscal year 1999 if the Army pursues the approach. The committee recommeds a program that allows the Army to accelerate combat vehicle integration into the digitized battlefield. Currently, the Army plan's to reach this objective are uncertain. Nevertheless, the committee recognizes the benefits of taking this action. Therefore, the committee recommends an additional $50 million in PE 203758A for this purpose. This bill contains a legislative provision (sec. 219) that would define the conditions of use. Battlefield surgical tissue replacement Battlefield trauma can cause substantial damage to internal body structures. Simple surgical closures cannot adequately repair the damage. There is a need for the development of tissue substitutes and novel repair methods for material joining, as has been demonstrated by low-powered diode lasers to fuse prostheses in place. Accordingly, the committee recommends an additional $5 million in PE 602787A to conduct research for this purpose. Brilliant anti-armor submunition The budget request contained $109 million for the brilliant anti-armor (BAT) submunition for fiscal year 1995. The committee has recommended the termination of the tri-service stand-off attack missile (TSSAM) program. The committee believes that the multiple launch rocket system (MLRS) should be evaluated as an alternative vehicle for the BAT. Accordingly, the committee recommends authorization of $119 million for BAT for fiscal year 1995, including an additional $10 million in PE 604768A for the incorporation and evaluation of BAT on MLRS. Countermine development for military operations other than war The military services, through the Joint Uniform Lessons Learned System, have identified anti-personnel land mines as a significant threat to future force projection operations and military operations other than war (OOTW). The committee is concerned that the services lack an effective means to detect, identify, and remove millions of anti-personnel mines scattered in countries throughout the world. The Department of State estimates that there are approximately 85 million mines in 62 countries. These weapons maim and kill more than 10,000 people a year, many of whom are children. The committee is pleased that the Army's budget request increased mine countermeasure research and development. However, there is little unified activity supporting mine clearance in OOTW. The committee believes that an integrated suite of research and development activities that concentrate on remote detection, classification, mapping and clearance of mine-infested areas must be initiated. Accordingly, the committee recommends an additional $10 million in PE 603606A to initiate an Army-led program. The Army shall coordinate its activities with the other services and the Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) to assess its expertise in surveillance, sensor, signal processing and vehicle technologies. The Secretary of the Army shall prepare and deliver a plan for this initiative to the congressional defense committees by February 15, 1995. Diesel engine The committee recommends an additional $3 million in PE 603005A, project D441, to complete the development of two Haeco II diesel combined cycle engines in the 400 to 600 horsepower range to be delivered to the U.S. Army Tank Command for test and evaluation in various ground and air vehicular applications. Enhanced fiber optic guided missile (EFOG-M) The Department has selected the EFOG-M program as an advanced concept technology demonstration (ACTD). The committee believes that sufficient modeling and simulation in synthetic environments should have been completed before selecting the EFOG-M for ACTD. Therefore, the ACTD process should focus on hardware and rapid fielding of systems rather than gaming. The committee is also concerned about the ability of the EFOG-M concept to work in inclement weather and amid the noise, dust, and confusion of the "dirty'' battlefield and directs that resolving this concern must be an issue in the EFOG-M ACTD. The committee approves the ACTD for EFOG-M, but believes lower cost approaches can be achieved. The committee reduces PE 603313A by $10 million. Environmental technology Bioremediation holds great promise for cost-effective treatment of environmental pollutants. The Army has made significant progress and demonstrated leadership in initiating tasks in bioremediation technology. This has provided competitive opportunities for underrepresented groups, including women, and student and faculty from historically black colleges and universities and minority institutions to solve Army environmental problems. The committee recommends $4 million in PE 602720A for continuation of this research. Helicopter air-to-air missile evaluation In a 1993 report, the Department of Defense Inspector General (DOD IG) criticized the defensive capabilities of the Army's rotary wing fleet against hostile aircraft. The Army conducted a request for information (RFI) on lightweight air defense missiles in a surface-to-air or air-to-air role. The Starstreak missile was identified as an existing ground to air capability with a strong potential for air-to-air applications because of its velocity and agility. The committee recommends an additional $12.5 million in PE 603003A to initiate a proof-of-principle examination and full-scale integration of an air-to-air Starstreak on an appropriate rotary wing platform. This should lead to live fire tests to determine viability on AH-64 and/or RAH-66. This recommendation is consistent with the thrust of the DOD IG's recommendations. High explosive materials The committee recommends an additional $4 million for implementation of an agile chemical facility at the Longhorn Army Ammunition Plant for high explosive process prove-outs of new advanced energetic materials of all for the military services. In addition, the committee recommends an additional $4 million for the development of black powder substitutes to meet a critical dependency need. These funds are authorized in addition to those requested in PE 602624A Institute for advanced technology (IAT) The committee recommends an additional $3.65 million in PE 601104A for continuation of work related to electrodynamics and hypervelocity physics consistent with the Army's program plan. Instrumented factory for gears (INFAC) The committee notes that the Department is transitioning the INFAC to the Army's need for research and development that is directed at improvements in gear manufacturing technology. The committee recommends continuation of funding for INFAC at $8.5 million level, the amount requested by Army. Kinetic energy tank round The budget request did not include funding for the X-rod 120mm direct fire, rocket boosted kinetic energy tank round. The committee understands that the Army intends to request funding for this program in fiscal year 1996. Therefore, the committee supports continued propulsion and guidance system advanced development and recommends that an additional $17 million in PE 603639A be provided in fiscal year 1995. Line-of-sight anti-tank (LOSAT) The committee directs the Army to make an early decision on whether it should continue or rapidly terminate the LOSAT program. The committee believes that since there is no foreseeable plan for LOSAT, cost savings could be achieved in fiscal year 1996 by early termination of the program. Lyme disease The committee recommends $500,000 in PE 602787A for continuation of the lyme disease prevention program at the Army hygiene agency. MK-19 Soft Mount Program The committee recommends an increased authorization of $600,000 in PE 603802A to initiate a program leading to type classification of a Soft Mount for the MK-19 weapon system. The committee is impressed by recent improvements in accuracy and control of the M-19 weapon system with a Soft Mount. The committee directs the Secretary of the Army to use a non-developmental item approach in a competitive evaluation of Soft Mounts that are produced by three existing small disadvantaged businesses in the United States. The committee further directs the Secretary to then proceed to operational and technical test of the winning mount. The Secretary shall report to the Committees on Armed Services of the Senate and House of Representatives no later than April 1, 1995 on the milestone, test and evaluation plans, and estimated date of contract award for this project. Passive millimeter camera The committee is aware of the progress the passive millimeter camera is having in passively detecting targets through weather, obscurants and through some wooden structures. The committee recommends additional funding of $6 million in PE 602120A to ensure that improvements in the camera's sensitivity and discrimination and field of view are completed, incorporated and evaluated on a second, modular, concept validation camera. Sense and destroy armament missile The budget request contained $72.071 million for the sense and destroy armament missile (SADARM) for fiscal year 1995. The committee has followed the resolution of the very serious technical problems in the SADARM testing program. Unfortunately, the Army has been unable to resolve the technical issue that would warrant continuation of the SADARM program. The committee is concerned that without SADARM, the Army will have no modern artillery projectile or submunition with terminal guidance. Therefore, the committee recommends an acceleration in the brilliant anti-armor submunition program for incorporation on other delivery vehicles. Accordingly, the committee recommends authorization of $10 million in PE 604814A for termination for the sense and destroy armament missile for fiscal year 1995. Short-range anti-armor weapon/multi-purpose individual munition In the statement of managers accompanying the conference report on the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1994 (Public Law 103-160) (H. Rept. 103-357), the conferees agreed that the Army should pursue a limited, interim program for procurement of a bunker-defeat munition (BDM). The conferees also agreed that the Marine Corps' short-range anti-armor weapon (SRAW) and the Army's BDM were too similar to justify maintaining separate programs for the long-term. The conferees believed that a long-term solution to the problem should be sought which drew from the SRAW missile and from warhead technology developed in the Army's multi-purpose individual munition (MPIM) program. The committee has learned that the Army has decided on a program for a MPIM system that will capitalize on the SRAW's propulsion technology and the MPIM's warhead technology. The SRAW missile, with the MPIM warhead, has the potential to satisfy the Army and Marine Corps requirements to defeat multiple targets, while the original SRAW warhead provides an anti-armor capability. The committee recommends an additional authorization of $3.9 million in PE 603313A for a joint technology demonstration program that will integrate the Army warhead with the Marine SRAW propulsion system; that will accelerate the currently planned MPIM technical demonstration by one year; and that will provide a basis for entry into a joint engineering and manufacturing development program as early as fiscal year 1997. Finally, the committee directs the Secretary of the Army to reassess the Army's requirement for the bunker defeat munition and report to the congressional defense committees no later than July 1, 1994, with a plan for meeting the requirement for a bunker defeat capability until the SRAWMPIM weapon is fielded later this decade. T53 series engine modernization In fiscal year 1994, Congress appropriated $15 million to implement the UH-1 service life extension program (SLEP). To be consistent with the airframe and operational improvements being considered for the UH-1 SLEP, the committee believes that dramatic reductions in operations and maintenance costs and improvements in UH-1 performance can be achieved by upgrading the T53 series engines with the incorporation of a full authority digital electronic control (FADEC) into the engine's existing hydromechanical unit. The committee is aware that such a device has already achieved positive results for the MH-47 Chinook fleet which has had its T55 engines modified with a FADEC. Accordingly, the committee recommends authorization of $4.5 million in PE 203752A to develop an electronic fuel control to upgrade the T53 series engine hydromechanical unit. Tactical bridging The committee is aware of the Army's efforts to improve its tactical bridging capability. Funding constraints in fiscal year 1994 prevented the Army from completing necessary technical data packages and type classification. Therefore, the committee recommends adding $1.3 million and $1.1 million to PE 603804A and PE 604804A respectively, to complete the required development prior to entering into production in fiscal year 1996. Tri-service stand-off attack missile The budget request contained $82.5 million for research and development for the Tri-Service Stand-off Attack Missile (TSSAM) for fiscal year 1995. The statement of managers accompanying the conference report on the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1994 (Public Law 103-160) (H. Rept. 103-357), terminated the Army's participation in this program for cost reasons. Since that time, the program has become even more unaffordable due to continuing cost and developmental problems. Given the existence of the acceptable and less costly extended range ATACMS alternative, the committee recommends authorization of no funds for the TSSAM with the intent to terminate it with prior year funds. Type classify 52 caliber gun The Army continues to disagree with Congress about the type classification of the 52 caliber XM297 gun as a replacement for a portion of the M-109 Paladin Fleet. The Army argues that the 52 caliber XM297 gun adds significant weight and that this will raise the M-109 above its maximum design threshold and induce system degradation. The committee believes that the higher performance gun for the advance field artillery system (AFAS) will provide limited fleet capability because the rate of AFAS production will not allow significant units to be fielded for some time. The committee also believes that the Army should plan an extended range capability for the M-109 series howitzer. According, the committee directs the Secretary of the Army to: (1) Continue a program for type classification of the XM-230 unicharge in existing 39 caliber, 155mm cannons; (2) Assess the feasibility and develop program plans for adapting a 52 caliber, unicharge cannon for integration into the M-198 series howitzer. The Secretary is further directed to provide to the congressional defense committees a revised, detailed acquisition plan incorporating the above directions, not later than 60 days after enactment of this Act. The committee recommends an additional $10 million in PE 603640A to continue this development. Unexploded ordnance remediation The committee recommends an additional $5 million in PE 602720A for continuation of research, testing and analysis work at the Army environmental center at the Jefferson Proving Ground for unexploded ordnance remediation programs. The committee expects that this will be the last year that it will direct the Army to continue this project. The committee, however, urges the Secretary of the Army to consider including a request for unexploded ordnance research in the fiscal year 1996 budget request. University related environmental technology The committee recognizes the Army's support for the academic community and commends the Army for its dedication to expanding the research base in environmental technology. The committee recommends an additional $10 million in PE 601102A to fund a competitively awarded grant for computing, data and communications networks and associated facilities in support of engineering biotechnology facilitization. Vectored thrust combat agility demonstrator The committee understands that the Army and the Marine Corps are proceeding with efforts to complete phase I of the vectored thrust combat agility (VTCA) demonstrator program. The Army, however, has not reported the results of phase I to Congress. Accordingly, the committee directs the Secretary of the Army to report to the congressional defense committees on the potential benefits of the VTCA "Ring Tail'' technology based on full scale component testing. The report shall include an assessment of the Army's ability to fulfill the technical and affordability requirements of the Army and Marine Corps aviation modernization plans. The committee will use the results of this report to assess the future of this program. NAVY RDT&E OVERVIEW The budget request for fiscal year 1995 contained $8,934.718 million for Navy RDT&E. The committee recommends authorization of $8,913.963 million, a decrease of $20,775 million to the Administration request. The committee recommendations for the fiscal year 1995 Navy RDT&E program are identified in the table below. Major changes to the Navy request are discussed following the table. Offset Folios 121 to 124 Insert here ***TABLE GOES HERE*** ITEMS OF SPECIAL INTEREST Advanced amphibious assault vehicle (AAAV) The committee has strongly supported the continued development of the AAAV as a replacement for the Marine Corps' AAV-7. This vehicle will permit rapid ship-to-shore movement of a Marine amphibious landing force and will provide mechanized support for the force once shore. In the past, the committee has expressed its concern about the stability of the program and whether sufficient funds have been allocated to ensure its development and fielding. The committee has also expressed concern about the strategy for development of the vehicle's engine and about the need to evaluate competing engine concepts under the same standards. In reviewing the fiscal year budget request and the revised program plan for AAAV demonstration/validation and engine qualification, the committee is pleased to note that a revised engine strategy has been established. Alternative engine concepts are to compete on an equal footing with other primary engine candidates before the demonstration/validation prototype vehicle is delivered. Accordingly, the committee recommends an additional authorization of $4.1 million in PE 603611M for the AAAV program to ensure that sufficient funds are available for development and testing of candidate engine concepts. Advanced anti-radiation guided missile The statement of managers accompanying the conference report on the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1994 (Public Law 103-160) (H. Rept. 103-357) supported the third phase of advanced anti-radiation guided missile (AARGM) development, leading to captive flight demonstrations. The committee recommends an additional $7.5 million in fiscal year 1995; $4.5 million in PE 603217N, project W2185; and $3.0 million in PE 603203F for the AARGM advanced demonstration phase. The committee directs that these funds only be used to transition from a breadboard demonstration to an all-up missile level demonstration phase. Finally, the committee directs that Navy and Air Force internal use of these funds shall be limited to design reviews, test and evaluation, and systems performance analysis. Advanced rocket system The budget request included $14.765 million for engineering and manufacturing development of the advanced rocket system (ARS) in PE 604603N. For the past three years, the committee has emphasized the need for a new 2.75" rocket program to be a joint program. The statement of managers accompanying the conferees report on the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1993 (Public Law 102-484) (H. Rept. 102-966) directed the Secretary of Defense to provide the congressional defense committees with a joint cost and operational effectiveness analysis, a joint hypervelocity rocket technology evaluation, and a joint program consolidation plan for the ARS program. Because these reports were not submitted, section 222 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1994 (Public Law 103-160) restricted obligation of fiscal year 1994 program funding until 30 days after the Department had submitted the reports to the congressional defense committees. To date, the reports still have not been˙20submitted. The committee understands that the Army has declined to participate in the program and that the Marine Corps is reviewing the affordability of the program. Accordingly, the committee recommends termination of the program and recommends $3 million for such purposes. AIM-9X missile The committee assigns a high priority to the development of the AIM-9X as rapidly as is technically feasible and recommends full-funding for the purpose. The committee notes that the assessment of AIM-9X program directed by the Senate Appropriations Committee report on H.R. 3116 (S.Rept. 103-153) has not been submitted. In the absence of that assessment, the committee believes that the on-going British advanced short-range air-to-air (ASRAAM) program should be considered as a candidate for the AIM-9X mission, if it can adequately meet U.S. requirements at a lower cost. Airship evaluation in mountaintop phase I The committee recommends an additional authorization of $8.2 million in PE 603238N to conduct an airship-ultra high frequency radar demonstration as a part of the Mountaintop Phase I project. Availability of the funds for this purpose is subject to the successful test in July 1994 of the airship concept operating as a part of a naval carrier battlegroup. Anti-submarine warfare systems development The committee recommends an additional authorization of $5 million in PE 603254N to continue hardware and software development and the installation of system upgrades in the BEARTRAP aircraft. The committee also recommends an additional $4 million to exploit the development of extended echo ranging technology for shallow water antisubmarine operations. Army/Marine Corps 155mm lightweight howitzer program The committee recommends a $7 million increase in PE 603635M, and a $7 million increase in PE 603004A to continue the Army and Marine Corps joint development program for a 155mm howitzer replacement. Together with the funds provided in the fiscal year 1993 budget, these additional funds should permit the Army and the Marine Corps to complete technical evaluations of existing 155mm lightweight howitzer prototypes; to evaluate advanced fire control and other technologies that show promise for significant improvements in the tactical mobility and operational effectiveness of towed artillery systems; to confirm the operational requirements; and to provide the basis for a decision to proceed with further development and acquisition of the system. Battery technology The committee recommends an additional authorization of $1 million in PE 602314N for development of battery technology. Out of this sum, $500,000 shall be used to continue development of a safe, non-metallic rechargeable battery for the Seal Delivery Vehicle, and $500,000 shall be used to continue development of a universal "AA'' lithium carbon monofluoride battery for naval application. Circuit breaker standardization The committee recommends an additional $2.8 million in PE 602121N for continuation of the second phase of the air circuit breaker standardization program. Command, control, and communications advanced technology The budget request included $5.6 million in PE 603794N for a Multiple Component Strike planning prototype demonstration, and $4.5 million for a cockpit simulation and replanning demonstration with the Tactical Air Mission Planning System and Warbreaker. The committee strongly believes that mission planning system development needs to be an integrated activity between the Navy and the Air Force so that the targeting and retargeting process is essentially transparent regardless of the aircraft and weapons system involved. This also needs to be an integrated activity so that planning and targeting data can be transmitted easily between the military services. The committee recommends a reduction of $5.1 million in the budget request. Commercial gas turbine technology for shipboard use The committee understands that commercial gas turbine technology has progressed to the point where very efficient and inexpensive commercial generator sets are available in appropriate sizes for naval applications. Application of these products as non-development items for ship service generator systems could substantially reduce acquisition and operating costs while fully meeting the military requirements of ships such as the DDG-51. Because the system is a non-developmental item, new generator sets could be evaluated in time to meet the requirements of the 20DDG-51 Flight IIA. Depending on the outcome of systems application studies, such systems could be used at ratings of 3000-3500 KW and could possibly reduce the number of ship service generator sets on a given class of ship. An NDI turbine could also be compatible with new shipboard electrical generation/distribution technology being contemplated by the Navy. The committee directs the Secretary of the Navy to investigate the use of commercial gas turbine generator sets for ship service use and report to the congressional defense committees the cost savings that could be realized and plans for incorporation of such systems into the DDG-51 Flight IIA and other ships. Crash resistant troop seats The committee recommends $2.7 million in PE 602233N to pursue final testing, integration, and certification of a crash resistant, non-developmental item seat in CH-53 helicopters. Curved Plate Technology The committee recommends an additional $15 million in PE 602234N for completion of the curved plate double hull technology program for tankers. Fiber optic acoustic sensor technology The committee continues to believe that fiber optic sensor systems should be further pursued for their low cost, light weight, military applications, and commercial uses. Accordingly, the committee recommends an additional $16.8 million to continue technology efforts in this area (with the objective of reducing the cost and weight of flank array); to continue the development of common optical towed arrays; and to undertake a manufacturing technology program
