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Burundi 1984-1989

Lieutenant Colonel Jean-Baptist Bagaza was president of a military regime in Burundi after being appointed by the Supreme Revolutionary Council. Bagaza was reelected in 1984 as President of a one-party state, the Union of National Progress (UPRONA). His reign was marked by a deteriorating human rights record as he supressed religious activities and arrested oposition members. In 1987 he was deposed in a coup led by Major Pierre Buyoya who suspended the 1981 constitution, all the state organs, banned all oposition parties, as well as UPRONA, and instituted a ruling Military Committee for National Salvation (CSMN). Increasing tensions between ruling Tutsis and majority Hutus led to violence between the army, the Hutu oposition, and Tutsi hardliners. During the conflict and estimated 150,000 people were killed and thousands of refugees fled to neighboring countries. The violence prompted Buyoya to start a commission to investigate the causes of the unrest and look into democratic reform.