Military

5-1. The AMDPCS system will provide ADA commanders, staff personnel and engagement operators with fully automated capabilities to enhance the execution of air defense FO and EO. It will be comprised of a set of modular, reconfigurable and standardized vehicles, shelters, automated data processing equipment (ADPE), tactical power, communications and environmental control equipment. ADPE is upgradeable and based on common hardware and software (CHS).

5-2. The AMDPCS assists in the performance of C² functions by providing the commander and his staff with information dominance necessary to assess the situation, decide on a course of action, and direct his forces. The system automatically collects, processes, sorts, categorizes, correlates, stores, and displays air track and battle command information. Via simulation, staff estimates, or other means it assists in the development of courses of action and war gaming in order to support the commander’s decision making process. Finally, it provides the commander a reliable data communications network with which to distribute his decisions; orders; and plans to superiors, subordinates, and the supported force.

5-3. The AMDPCS components will be designed for use with variants of the Army modular command post system (MCPS), and be transported by standard vehicles appropriate to the mission and mobility requirements of the supported unit. The reconfigurable nature of the AMDPCS system design provides an inherent "Jump Tactical Operations Center (Jump TOC)" capability to support limited AMDPCS operations during deployment; early entry or lodgment phases of force projection operations; or during reconstitution, redeployment, and movement execution on the battlefield. Appropriate configurations of the AMDPCS will be fielded at all echelons from the lowest echelons of the SHORAD platoon and sections and HIMAD fire units through EAC/corps ADA brigades and AAMDC headquarters or elements thereof.

5-4. The AMDPCS integrates higher echelon, lateral, and subordinate command and control facilities; sensors; liaison elements, adjacent TOCs; and AMD fire units into a synergistic system capable of defeating/denying the aerial, missile, and surveillance threat. It provides the automated interface for air defense components (theater and below) to the Army Battle Command System (ABCS), which allows commanders and staffs to communicate, plan, coordinate, and control the counter-air fight. The system will be capable of collecting; storing; processing; displaying; and disseminating air and ground situational awareness (SA) information, identification and targeting data, and battle command information throughout Army ADA units and related Joint or Combined Forces. AMDPCS enhances the ability of ADA commanders, staffs, and weapon systems operators to visualize battlespace, realize situational awareness, synchronize operations with supported units throughout the theater, and defeat the enemy.

5-5. The AMDPCS is the focal point for air and missile defense planning and unity of effort within the contingency theater. It provides the sole means of horizontal and vertical integration with joint forces. It facilitates the coordination and synergism of all air defense elements on the battlefield, from the AAMDC to the SHORAD platoon and sections, into a synchronized and effective counter-air force. This is accomplished by assisting the commander in the performance of the following functions:

• C² functions
• FO functions
• EO functions
• LNO functions

5-6. The AMDPCS fully automates the functions of FO and EO. FO are those functions required to plan, coordinate, sustain, and synchronize the air, land, and sea battle. It involves the preparation and positioning of friendly forces for maximum exploitation of enemy weaknesses. It includes the horizontal and vertical exchange of battlespace situational awareness and battle command information within ADA, as well as with other battlefield forces. Situational awareness information involves the continuous position/location updates of key battlespace elements. Battle command information includes maps; maneuver graphics; C² information; and personnel, intelligence, operations and logistic information necessary to plan and synchronize combat operations. FO functions are accomplished to different degrees at each AMDPCS level and location. The functions associated with FO include:

• Mission planning
• Limited collection and dissemination of intelligence
• Processing tactical and administrative data
• Displaying information
• Directing forces
• Managing resources
• Providing/displaying battlespace situational awareness

5-7. EO are those actions required to defeat/deny the aerial threat. They include the process of employing sensors, detecting/classifying/identifying aerial platforms, sending ADW to posture air defense forces, and providing alerts/cueing to support engagements. The AMDPCS supports EO by providing a real or near real-time picture of the airspace. It provides the capability to coordinate A²C² with other Army, joint, and combined forces. The functions associated with EO include:

• Netting sensors
• Correlating air track information
• Assessing threats
• Directing and controlling engagements
• Geographical filtering of air tracks
• Displaying air situation
• Identifying aerial platforms
• Warning, alerting, and cueing

5-8. By automating the above functions, the AMDPCS will allow air defense forces to detect, acquire, and identify friendly and threat aerial platforms earlier and at far greater ranges. This reduces the chance of fratricide. It also allows for engagement of aerial threats at greater ranges, thereby increasing lethality. The AMDPCS provides the capability to warn the joint force of impending aerial threats. The AMDPCS receives and correlates track data information from higher echelon and subordinate air defense sensors. It processes and distributes relevant data to air defense C² centers, and disseminates engagement and battle command information. This provides for horizontal and vertical integration of the joint or combined forces from the division to theater air defense echelons.

5-9. The AMDPCS is comprised of four main elements: the S2/S3 Current and Future Operations Cell, the FDC, the S1/S4 Administration/Logistics cell, and the JumpTOC. The AMDPCS directs the brigade’s tactical operations. During displacement operations the Jump TOC assumes command and control of the brigade. The physical layout of the AMDPCS is depicted in Chapter 4 at Figure 4-1. This layout is flexible and may change due to terrain limitations and operational requirements. Each section within the AMDPCS will continuously monitor their respective functional areas.

5-10. The S2/S3 Current Operations cell provides a working area for processing operational message traffic and informational displays related to air defense operations. It includes separate operations and intelligence maps, NBC status maps, weapon system status boards, and AMD operations status boards. To monitor the air battle, an AMD workstation (AMDWS) is installed in the battle captain’s work area. This allows the commander and operations officer to monitor the consolidated air picture as displayed in the FDC van.

5-11. The S2/S3 Future Operations cell provides a working area for the brigade staff to plan and coordinate future operations. They have an AMDWS display to analyze current enemy tactics and perform trend analysis of past enemy actions. In addition, the future operations cell can perform "war gaming" simulations to determine the best courses of action to implement in order to optimize the defense against the expected enemy actions. It also contains the data processing equipment to publish and distribute the commander's decisions, orders, and plans to higher, adjacent, and subordinate units.

5-12. The Intelligence section has an All Source Analysis System (ASAS) workstation in both the Current and Future Operations areas for receiving and disseminating intelligence related messages. They maintain enemy order of battle situation maps and other appropriate data.

5-13. The brigade NBC cell consists of an MCS terminal, an NBC analysis computer, secure voice communications to subordinate NBC cells, a tactical NBC plotting map, and a working area for processing NBC information received from units.

5-14. The FDC van is manned and operational on a 24-hour basis during field exercises or periods of increased tension requiring an operational air picture. The commander maintains control of AMD units participating in the air battle from the FDC. The tactical director (TD) and tactical director assistant (TDA) use an Air Defense Systems Integrator (ADSI) workstation to monitor and control the on-going air battle and perform management by exception.

• The FDC is the senior engagement and controlling authority within the brigade. The FDC, if holding engagement authority, directs or rejects engagements for units unless there is a total loss of communications to subordinate units. The FDC does not direct the fires of Avenger or Stinger units.
• Situations may require that individual fire units be directly controlled by the brigade FDC.
• The FDC is responsible for corps early warning.

5-15. The S1/S4 Administration/Logistics cell performs the functions of personnel and logistics management by using CHS II equipment. It is linked to elements of the combat service support control system (CSSCS).

5-16. The JumpTOC will be deployed upon direction of the commander or operations officer. The mission of the JumpTOC is to assume temporary command and control of the brigade during movement of the AMDPCS.

• The JumpTOC will deploy and, at a minimum, establish voice and data communications with both higher headquarters and subordinate units and replicate AMDPCS operations for continuity until the AMDPCS assumes operations.
• The JumpTOC OIC is responsible for ensuring that JumpTOC personnel and equipment are prepared to deploy within one hour of movement notification. Status boards and overlays used in the AMDPCS must be replicated and carried by the JumpTOC to ensure continuity of operations. Upon arrival at a new location, the JumpTOC OIC will establish communications with the AMDPCS, update status boards and maps, and ensure communications to subordinate units are operational. Upon notification by the operations officer, the JumpTOC will assume control of operations.

5-17. 7he following paragraphs provide an overview of the AMDPCS equipment and software of the system. The AMDPCS system and operation will be detailed in FM 3-01.71.

5-18. The following paragraphs describe the equipment of the AMDPCS. The equipment is located in different shelters of the AMDPCS system. Refer to figure 4-1 in chapter 4.

5-19. The following items are located in the FDC van:

• AN/GRC-193 radio
• UHF SATCOM radio
• AN/VRC-92 SINCGARS radio
• Miscellaneous secure and non-secure telephones
• Secure fax terminal

5-20. The following items are located in the Communications van:

• ADSI workstation
• ADSI remote display processor
• UHF and HF TADIL-A radio equipment
• Digital switching equipment
• CTT/H-R Receiver
• TADIL-A data terminal set and associated equipment
• Air Defense Interface (ADI) equipment
• JTIDS 2M terminal
• AN/VRC-92 SINCGARS radio
• Miscellaneous secure and non-secure telephones
• Color inkjet printer

5-21. The following items are located in the Current Operations van:

• AN/UGC-144 Communications terminal
• AN/VRC-92 SINCGARS radio
• AMDWS
• ASAS
• Miscellaneous secure and non-secure telephones
• Maneuver Control System (MCS) workstation
• UHF SATCOM radio
• Secure fax terminal
• Color inkjet printer

5-22. The following items are located in the Future Operations van:

• AMDWS
• ASAS Workstation
• Secure fax terminal
• Miscellaneous secure and non-secure telephones
• AN/VRC-92 SINCGARS radio
• Color inkjet printer

5-23. The following items are located in the Administration/Logistics van:

• AMDWS
• Two HP 735 processors
• Secure fax terminal.
• Miscellaneous secure and non-secure telephone.
• Two laptop computers
• AN/VRC-92 SINCGARS radio
• Color inkjet printer

5-24. The AMDPCS uses the following software applications:

• Automated Nuclear Biological and Chemical Information System (ANBACIS)
• Integrated Meteorological System (IMETS)
• MCS
• ASAS
• CSSCS
• Various commercial software applications (word processing, database, spreadsheet)

5-25. This section prescribes basic doctrine for staff functions and operations. It is intended for use by staff officers in carrying out their duties and responsibilities. A commander, however, may establish procedures and may organize the staff as necessary to conform to the mission, resources available, and level of command. They should continue to function along the direction described to maintain a commonality of understanding among units.

5-26. The paragraphs below describe the functions and responsibilities of each staff proponent. This is not an all-inclusive list and may be change by mission requirement or commander preference.

5-27. Brigade S1:

• Performs normal staff functions as prescribed in FM 5-0
• Prepares personnel estimates as required and makes recommendations to commander on matters relating to personnel
• Maintains continuous information displays on the personnel status of the brigade
• Develops personnel portion of OPLANs and or OPORDs.
• Responsible for the control and coordination of personnel actions in the brigade
• Collects personnel data for reporting requirements and coordinates with higher headquarters for troop replacement
• Responsible for the completion of the S1 actions and reports
• Responsible for processing awards and sympathy letters
• Responsible for graves registration
• Responsible for all chaplain activities
• Responsible for surgeon activities

5-28. Brigade S2:

• Performs normal staff functions as prescribed in FM 5-0
• Prepares the intelligence estimate as required
• Coordinates with external intelligence agencies as required
• Supervises the receipt, analysis, and dissemination of incoming intelligence (i.e., INTSUMS, spot reports, weather data, classified order of battle, KILLSUMS, etc.)
• Prepares and disseminates intelligence reports
• Advises commander on pertinent developments in the threat
• Coordinates the handling of prisoners of war (POW’s)
• Supervises the execution of required measures under the brigade Emergency Action Plan (EAP)
• Develops intelligence portion of OPLANs and or OPORDs
• Develops the IPB using FM 2-01.3
• Performs other functions as directed by the commander
• Provides concertina wire for AMDPCS perimeter and ECP

5-29. Brigade S3:

• Performs normal staff functions as described in FM 5-0
• Develops operations estimates and makes recommendations to commander on activities relating to air defense operations
• Monitors and ensures that commander is updated on tactical situation and pertinent operational/support functions
• Ensures integration with all air defense assets within the corps and theater area
• Has overall tactical responsibility for the CP and integration with all elements of the brigade. Exercises positive control over battalions attached and assigned to the brigade. Responsible for provision of EW throughout the corps. Communications between the AMDPCS and subordinate units must be maintained. A communication priority for interface to the AMDPCS and subordinate units is determined by the S3. Intra-AMDPCS communications requirements will be determined by the SIGO with input from each staff
• Has overall responsibility for S2/S3, NBC, Communications Electronics cells
• Exercise primary coordination and staff supervision over other battle staff members for matters pertaining to air defense operations
• Coordinates directly with the SIGO on matters relating to communications affecting air defense tactical control
• Sets priorities and issues reconstitution orders
• Controls brigade FDC operations

5-30. Plans Officer/Assistant S3:

• Assumes S3 responsibilities in the absence of the S3
• Exercises primary coordinating staff supervision over other battle staff members for matters pertaining to planning future air defense operations
• Prepares and disseminates OPLANs and or OPORDs, incorporating risk control measures according to the commander’s intent for the acceptable level of risk
• Presents operations estimates and makes recommendations to commander on activities relating to air defense operations
• Designs defense and task organizes for combat

5-31. FDC OIC:

• Responsible to operations officer and has primary responsibility for operations of the FDC van and overall air battle management operations
• Provides advice on AD operations matters to the commander and operations officer

5-32. NBC Officer/NCO:

• Provides interface with higher, lower and adjacent unit NBC sections for coordination and dissemination of information.
• Operates the MCS
• Posts NBC information to brigade situation map
• Advises the commander on matters pertaining to enemy and friendly use of NBC weapons and recommends NBC defense posture and measures
• Develops NBC portion of OPLANs and or OPORDs
• Coordinates smoke assets for the brigade

5-33. SIGO:

• Plans for the installation, operation, and maintenance of signal equipment
• Coordinates frequency allocations and assignments
• Determines method to provide signal support to meet the brigades operational requirements
• Monitors the allocation, distribution and use of communications security (COMSEC) devices and materiel
• Prepares the communications electronics annex for SOP’s, OPORDs and plans

5-34. Brigade S4:

• Performs normal staff functions as prescribed in FM 5-0
• Prepares logistics estimate as required and makes recommendations to commander on logistical matters
• Maintains continuous information displays on logistical status of the brigade
• Monitors classes of supply